List of universities in the United Kingdom by endowment

The following is a list of British universities ordered by their financial endowments, expressed in pounds sterling at fair value.

British charity funds are made up of restricted reserves, which can only be used for specific purposes, and unrestricted reserves, which could be used for any activity within the charity's scope.[1] The statement of recommended practice (SORP) defines endowments as specific funds with both restrictions over the endowments' income and intention from the donors to establish such endowments. In addition, these reserves must either be held indefinitely and cannot be converted into income without permission (known as permanent endowment funds) or could be converted into income at trustees' discretion (known as expendable endowment).[2] Updated SORP guidance published in 2007 prohibits donations with no specific purpose by the donor (unrestricted) and "with no requirement for maintenance of the original capital" from being treated as endowment.[3] While restrictive funds are not considered endowments under the SORP's accounting guidance, institutions sometimes use the term "endowments" broadly to refer to the sum of all funds that generate income for the institution's operation and activities.[4][5][6][7] Figures listed below account for funds defined by the SORP as endowment.

All sources are official audited financial statements published in the respective fiscal years. Note that changes to the Financial Reporting Standards (FRS 102) and the SORP in 2015 mean endowments as of 2016 are not directly comparable in all cases with those for previous years.[8]

Endowments over £1 billion

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
University of Oxford (inc colleges) 8,065.7[11] 8,120.1[14] 7,745.5[17] 6,327.2[20] 6,349.4[21] 6,056.9[24] 5,592.2[27] 5,068.9[30] 4,702.1[33] 4,245.9[36]
University of Cambridge (inc colleges) 7,801.9[39] n/a 6,072.5[42] 5,043.9[45] n/a n/a n/a n/a

Endowments from £250 million to £1 billion

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
University of Edinburgh 559.8[46] 541.0[47] 565.2[48] 487.7[49] 459.9[50] 424.1[51] 392.1[52] 342.8[53] 317.2[54] 297.9[55]
King's College London 301.0[56] 291.1[57] 300.6[58] 252.2[59] 258.1[60] 233.5[61] 213.5[62] 194.1[63] 179.4[64] 162.6[65]

Endowments from £100 million to £250 million

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
University of Glasgow 234.3[66] 225.8[67] 225.2[68] 177.2[69] 201.9[70] 200.6[71] 188.4[72] 170.9[73] 164.3[74] 157.8[75]
London School of Economics 229.3[76] 229.4[77] 240.8[78] 198.4[79] 155.0[80] 141.6[81] 132.7[82] 119.2[83] 112.9[84] 97.2[85]
University of Manchester 221.6[86] 223.5[87] 242.2[88] 220.5[89] 238.4[90] 235.1[91] 222.2[92] 196.8[93] 188.9[94] 174.3[95]
Imperial College London 220.1[96] 219.6[97] 202.1[98] 176.0[99] 178.1[100] 157.1[101] 141.7[102] 126.2[103] 113.6[104] 98.0[105]
University of Liverpool 182.7[106] 184.4[107] 190.2[108] 168.3[109] 171.7[110] 167.1[111] 166.5[112] 155.8[113] 147.9[114] 141.7[115]
University College London 156.8[116] 158.8[117] 163.3[118] 143.2[119] 138.7[120] 118.0[121] 111.4[122] 101.0[123] 103.6[124] 90.5[125]
University of Birmingham 142.5[126] 138.0[127] 134.5[128] 116.7[129] 121.6[130] 120.3[131] 112.6[132] 103.8[133] 97.0[134] 90.1[135]
University of St Andrews 114.9[136] 113.1[137] 117.7[138] 95.6[139] 89.9[140] 77.8[141] 69.4[142] 58.6[143] 56.8[144] 50.1[145]
University of Reading 101.9[146] 102.8[147] 107.4[147] 250.7[147][note 1] 17.5[148] 14.7[148] 14.0[149] 14.8[150] 13.9[151] 12.6[152]
Durham University (excl indep Colleges) 101.7[153] 99.4[154] 98.2[155] 86.4[156] 81.9[157] 74.0[158] 72.0[159] 67.6[160] 71.1[161] 67.4[162]

Endowments from £50 million to £100 million

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
Newcastle University 87.1[163] 87.6[164] 101.8[165] 87.2[166] 85.1[167] 80.6[168] 75.2[169] 63.4[170] 62.0[171] 57.6[172]
University of Bristol 86.1[173] 91.6[174] 91.3[175] 78.7[176] 77.2[177] 72.2[178] 70.2[179] 62.6[180] 61.2[181] 55.3[182]
University of Leeds 83.2[183] 87.4[184] 90.5[185] 82.1[186] 82.3[187] 77.2[188] 72.7[189] 67.7[190] 66.7[191] 65.7[191]
Royal Holloway, University of London 81.6[192] 86.1[193] 87.7[194] 78.8[195] 81.2[196] 80.4[197] 79.6[198] 75.3[199] 75.8[200] 73.6[200]
University of Nottingham 72.5[201] 72.2[202] 72.3[203] 62.3[204] 63.0[205] 58.5[206] 55.1[207] 49.9[208] 43.8[209] 40.2[209]
Queen's University Belfast 65.6[210] 69.0[211] 69.7[212] 63.8[213] 67.1[214] 67.1[215] 65.4[216] 56.6[217] 53.4[218] 52.0[218]
University of Aberdeen 58.6[219] 58.1[220] 58.4[221] 51.9[222] 52.0[223] 49.7[224] 46.9[225] 41.3[226] 38.0[227] 35.0[227]
School of Oriental and African Studies 53.9[228] 54.8[229] 56.2[230] 49.3[231] 51.2[232] 47.0[233] 42.2[234] 39.0[235] 35.4[236] 31.7[236]

Endowments from £25 million to £50 million

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
University of Exeter 48.6[237] 48.7[238] 49.5[239] 41.5[239] 40.7[240] 38.2[241] 37.2[242] 32.5[243] 33.2[244] 30.3[245]
University of Sheffield 47.1[246] 46.5[247] 46.7[248] 45.5[249] 46.0[250] 43.8[251] 42.2[252] 39.7[253] 39.0[254] 37.8[254]
Cardiff University 46.2[255] 45.6[256] 45.5[257] 38.9[258] 38.2[259] 34.5[260] 33.1[261] 30.3[262] 28.7[263] 27.5[264]
Queen Mary University of London 43.7[265] 43.4[266] 41.3[267] 37.3[268] 33.4[269] 34.1[270] 34.3[271] 34.7[272] 35.1[273] 32.8[273]
University of Strathclyde 42.2[274] 41.7[275] 42.1[276] 36.3[276] 37.8[277] 35.1[278] 33.1[279] 30.9[280] 28.9[281] 27.0[281]
University of Dundee 34.4[282] 33.9[283] 35.0[284] 30.2[284] 31.3[285] 29.6[286] 28.3[287] 25.8[288] 25.0[289] 24.0[289]
Aberystwyth University 33.5[290] 30.3[291] 30.9[292] 35.6[292] 36.6[293] 43.3[294] 57.7[295] 48.4[296] 44.7[297] 43.0[298]

Endowments from £10 million to £25 million

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
University of Leicester 23.6[299] 24.3[300] 24.5[300] 20.0[300] 21.0[301] 20.6[301] 17.7[302] 14.0[303] 13.1[304] 12.2[304]
Lancaster University 18.4[305] 15.0[306] 14.8[306] 14.3[306] 13.9[307] 6.0[307] 5.9[308] 5.6[309] 5.4[310] 5.5[311]
University of Sussex 16.4[312] 15.3[313] 17.9[313] 14.4[313] 13.6[314] 11.6[314] 11.0[315] 10.1[316] 9.4[317] 9.1[317]
Nottingham Trent University 15.6[318] 4.7[318] 4.8[319] 5.0[319] 5.2[320] 5.6[320] 6.3[321] 6.9[322] 7.4[323] 8.0[323]
Goldsmiths, University of London 15.0[324] 15.1[324] 15.3[325] 14.9[325] 15.0[325] 3.3[326] 3.3[327] 3.1[328] 2.9[329] 2.7[329]
Ulster University 15.0[330] 15.4[331] 16.1[331] 13.9[331] 15.1[332] 14.4[332] 9.0[333] 7.4[334] 7.0[335] 6.5[336]
University of Hull 14.9[337] 15.2[338] 15.8[338] 14.6[338] 15.2[339] 14.6[339] 14.4[340] 18.8[341] 12.7[342] 12.5[342]
University of East Anglia 13.7[343] 13.2[344] 12.9[344] 10.5[344] 9.0[345] 8.2[345] 7.7[346] 7.3[347] 7.3[348] 7.6[348]
Heriot-Watt University 12.2[349] 12.4[350] 12.0[351] 10.5[351] 10.5[351] 8.9[352] 8.3[353] 9.5[354] 8.5[355]
Birmingham City University 12.2[356] 11.9[357] 11.8[357] 10.2[357] 8.1[358] 6.6[358] 6.2[359] 5.7[360] 5.3[361] 4.9[359]
University of Southampton 11.9[362] 12.8[363] 14.9[363] 12.9[363] 13.0[364] 13.1[364] 12.9[365] 12.5[366] 12.5[367] 12.1[367]
Birkbeck, University of London 10.2[368] 10.0[368] 9.0[368] 8.4[369] 8.2[369] 7.4[370] 6.4[371] 5.6[372] 4.3[372]

Specialist Higher Education Institutions

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2023 (£m) Endowment as of 2022 (£m) Endowment as of 2021 (£m) Endowment as of 2020 (£m) Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
London Business School 62.4[373] 60.3[374] 57.9[375] 59.5[375] 56.5[376] 53.3[376] 51.9[377] 47.7[378] 46.1[379] 36.8[379]
Royal Academy of Music 58.3[380] 53.0[381] 48.8[382] 36.4[382] 38.1[383] 39.5[383] 36.5[384] 33.8[385] 31.6[385] 30.2[385]
Royal College of Music 44.3[386] 44.6[387] 49.3[388] 42.4[388] 45.6[389] 42.8[389] 37.8[390] 36.5[390] 32.4[391] 29.9[391]
Courtauld Institute of Art 38.7[392] 36.0[393] 35.7[394] 44.4[394] 44.9[395] 39.7[395] 37.6[396] 34.4[397] 29.1[397] 25.4[397]
Royal College of Art 34.0[398] 28.5[399] 26.7[400] 22.3[400] 21.3[401] 20.3[401] 20.1[402] 19.5[402] 17.9[403] 15.9[402]
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine 25.6[404] 19.1[405] 27.6[406] 24.9[406] 17.5[407] 17.0[407] 16.3[408] 14.9[408] 13.4[409] 12.9[409]
Royal Northern College of Music 20.3[410] 21.1[411] 21.7[412] 18.6[412] 18.9[413] 17.5[413] 21.2[414] 19.3[414] 18.4[415] 18.2[415]
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine 18.1[416] 18.5[417] 20.6[418] 17.5[418] 16.1[419] 14.3[419] 13.3[420] 11.4[421] 11.4[421] 11.3[421]
Royal Veterinary College 10.7[422] 10.7[423] 10.5[424] 8.7[424] 9.1[425] 9.2[425] 9.8[426] 9.8[427] 10.1[428] 9.7[428]

Endowments per student greater than £10 thousand

[edit]
Institution Total enrolment (2020/21)[429] Endowment per capita
(2021, student population over 1000)
University of Cambridge (inc colleges) 22,155 £321,417
University of Oxford (inc colleges) 27,150 £270,015
London Business School 2,460 £23,550
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine 1,105 £18,646
London School of Economics 13,455 £17,900
University of Edinburgh 37,830 £14,941
University of St Andrews 11,485 £10,251

Endowments below £10 million

[edit]
University Endowment as of 2019 (£m) Endowment as of 2018 (£m) Endowment as of 2017 (£m) Endowment as of 2016 (£m) Endowment as of 2015 (£m) Endowment as of 2014 (£m) Endowment as of 2013 (£m) Endowment as of 2012 (£m) Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
University of York 7.1[430] 6.9[430] 7.7[431] 7.1[432] 10.3[433] 8.4[433] 7.8[434] 7.2[434] 10.6[435]
University of Bath 7.1[436] 6.9[436] 6.0[437] 5.2[438] 5.1[439] 4.8[440] 4.6[441] 4.4[441] 4.4[442]
University of Wales Trinity Saint David 6.8[443] 9.2[444] 8.8[445] 8.8[445] 8.4[446]
University of Essex 6.9[447] 6.4[447] 6.5[448] 5.8[449] 6.9[450] 6.2[450] 6.0[451] 5.2[451] 5.1[452]
Swansea University 6.7[453] 6.4[453] 6.1[454] 5.8[455] 5.7[456] 8.6[456] 8.6[457] 8.3[458]
University of Kent 5.5[459] 5.2[460] 5.9[461] 5.9[462] 6.3[463] 6.0[464] 10.1[465]
City University, London 5.7[466] 5.5[466] 5.2[467] 5.1[468] 12.6[469] 11.7[469] 8.9[470] 7.9[470]
University of Warwick 4.8[471] 4.3[472] 3.9[473] 3.6[473] 3.2[474] 2.8[475] 2.2[475]
University of Hertfordshire 2.8[476] 2.7[476] 3.0[477] 2.8[478] 2.62[479] 2.30[480] 2.53[481]
University of Surrey 2.6[482] 2.7[483][note 2] 69.5[484] 55.4[485] 44.2[486] 42.2[487] 48.7

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ During the 2020–21 year, Reading applied for and was granted permission from the Charity Commission to close the Research Endowment Trust. As a result, all of the trust’s assets and liabilities were distributed to the University, the sole Trustee.
  2. ^ The significant fall in the value of Surrey's endowment from 2015 to 2016 is due to the reclassification of the Surrey Research Park to restricted reserves. This was done following legal counsel.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Statement of Recommended Practice" (PDF). Accounting for Further and Higher Education. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  2. ^ Grey, Ransford (10 April 2024). "Restricted vs Unrestricted Fund". THE FINANCIAL WAREHOUSE COMPANY. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  3. ^ "Academic Assets: University Fundraising - An Update" (PDF). Sutton Trust. June 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  4. ^ "University of Bath Endowment Acceptance and Financial Management Policy". University of Bath. 23 February 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  5. ^ "Annual Record". Trinity College, Cambridge. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  6. ^ "Imperial College London Endowment (as of July 31, 2023)" (PDF). Imperial College London. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  7. ^ "Cambridge University Endowment Fund: Annual Review 2023" (PDF). University of Cambridge Investment Management. 30 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  8. ^ "Financial Statements 2015–2016" (PDF). Durham University. pp. 61–66. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
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  10. ^ "Financial Statements 2022/23" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 25 February 2024.
  11. ^ Colleges (group) £6,387.7M,[9] University (consolidated) £1,678.0M[10]
  12. ^ "Aggregated Statement of Financial Activities For the year ended 31 July 2022" (PDF). Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  13. ^ "Financial Statements 2021/22" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  14. ^ Colleges (group) £6,418.4M,[12] University (consolidated) £1,701.7M[13]
  15. ^ "Aggregated Statement of Financial Activities For the year ended 31 July 2021" (PDF). Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  16. ^ "Financial Statements 2020/21" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  17. ^ Colleges (group) £6,126.4M,[15] University (consolidated) £1,619.1M[16]
  18. ^ a b "Aggregated Statement of Financial Activities For the year ended 31 July 2020" (PDF). Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  19. ^ a b "Financial Statements 2019/20" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  20. ^ Colleges (group) £5,036.2M,[18] University (consolidated) £1,291.0M[19]
  21. ^ Colleges (group) £5,132.4M,[18] University (consolidated) £1,217.0M[19]
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  24. ^ Colleges (group) £4,896.3M,[22] University (consolidated) £1,160.6M[23]
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  27. ^ Colleges (group) £4,602.8M,[25] University (consolidated) £989.4M[26]
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  30. ^ Colleges (group) £4,159.1M,[28] University (consolidated) £909.8M[29]
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  32. ^ "Financial Statements 2014/15" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  33. ^ Colleges (group) £3,868.2M,[31] University (consolidated) £833.9M[32]
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  35. ^ "Financial Statements 2013/14" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
  36. ^ Colleges (group) £3,540.0M,[34] University (consolidated) £705.9M[35]
  37. ^ Colleges of the University of Cambridge
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  39. ^ Colleges £5,325M,[37] University (Group) £2,476.9M[38]
  40. ^ Colleges of the University of Cambridge
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  42. ^ Colleges £4,101.2M,[40] University (Group) £1,971.3M[41]
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  45. ^ Colleges £3,188.2M,[43] University (Group) £1,855.7M[44]
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