List of even-toed ungulates by population

Mammals by population
Lists

Even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla)
Carnivorans (Carnivora)
Cetaceans (Cetacea)
Bats (Chiroptera)
Odd-toed ungulates (Perissodactyla)
Primates (Primates)
Key

Conservation status

  Extinct in the wild (EW)
  Critically Endangered (CR)
  Endangered (EN)
  Vulnerable (VU)
  Near Threatened (NT)
  Least Concern (LC)
  Data Deficient (DD)
Related
Lists of organisms by population
List of birds by population
Mammal classification
List of recently extinct mammals
Lists of mammals by region

This is a list of even-toed ungulate species by estimated global population. This list is not comprehensive, as not all ungulates have had their numbers quantified.

Common name Binomial name Population Status Trend Notes Image
Saola Pseudoryx nghetinhensis <750 CR[1] Decrease[1] Maximum estimate. No individuals in captivity. Wild population highly dispersed, and subpopulations fragmented with numbers of mature individuals below the minimum viable population. Foremost threatened by hunting.[1]
Pygmy hog Porcula salvania 250[2] EN[2] Decrease[2] Maximum estimate for mature individuals.[2]
Bawean deer Axis kuhlii 200–500[3] CR[3] Steady[3] Estimates are for the wild population only; may reach as high as 500.[3]
Addax Addax nasomaculatus 30–90[4] CR[4] Decrease[4] Maximum estimate for the wild.[4]
Tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis 300[5] CR[5] Decrease[5]
Togian babirusa Babyrousa togeanensis 500[6] EN[6] Decrease[6] Maximum estimate.[6]
Walia ibex Capra walie 500[7] VU[7] Increase[7]
Dama gazelle Nanger dama 500[8] CR[8] Decrease[8] Maximum estimate.[8]
Hirola Beatragus hunteri 500–2000[9] CR[9] Decrease[9] May be much lower.[9]
Anhui musk deer Moschus anhuiensis 700–800[10] EN[10] Decrease[10] Most recent estimate was in 1998.[10]
Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii 700–800[11] EN[11] Increase[11] Could be underestimated.[11]
Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica 715[12] EN[12] Increase[12] Previously thought to be extinct.[12]
Wild Bactrian camel Camelus ferus 950[13] CR[13] Decrease[13] The latest estimate for the population of the Wild Camel was conducted in 2008.[13]
South Andean deer Hippocamelus bisulcus 1048–1500[14] EN[14] Decrease[14]
Calamian deer Axis calamianensis 1123[15] EN[15] Decrease[15] 1994 estimate; has almost certainly decreased.[15]
Abbott's duiker Cephalophus spadix 1500[16] EN[16] Decrease[16] Maximum estimate.[16]
Cuvier's gazelle Gazella cuvieri 1750–2950[17] VU[17] unknown[17]
Nilgiri tahr Nilgiritragus hylocrius 1800–2000[18] EN[18] Decrease[18] Last estimate for the Nilgiri Tahr was conducted in 2008.[18]
Pygmy hippopotamus Choeropsis liberiensis 2000–3000[19] EN[19] Decrease[19] Estimate is from 1993; numbers have probably shrunk.[19]
Mountain anoa Bubalus quarlesi 2500[20] EN[20] Decrease[20] Maximum estimate.[20]
Rhim gazelle Gazella leptoceros 2500[21] EN[21] Decrease[21] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[21]
Visayan spotted deer Rusa alfredi 2500[22] EN[22] Decrease[22] Maximum estimate.[22]
Mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni 2500–4000[23] EN[23] Decrease[23] 2500 is a maximum estimate from 1999, but recent work has shown numbers may be as high as 4000.[23]
European bison Bison bonasus 3200[24] NT[24] Increase[24] Includes 1400 semi-domestic animals and 1800 wild. Semi-domestic numbers are likely underestimated.[24]
Chacoan peccary Catagonus wagneri 3200[25] EN[25] Decrease[25] Estimate was made in 2002; wide-scale deforestation of their habitat began in 2003.[25]
Wild water buffalo Bubalus arnee 3400[26] EN Decrease
Jentink's duiker Cephalophus jentinki 3500[27] EN[27] Decrease[27] Maximum estimate; may be less than 2000.[27]
Barasingha Rucervus duvaucelii 3500–5100[28] VU[28] Decrease[28]
Nile lechwe Kobus megaceros 4291[29] EN[29] Decrease[29]
Small red brocket Mazama bororo 4500[30] VU[30] Decrease[30] Maximum estimate.[30]
Arabian tahr Arabitragus jayakari 5000[31] EN[31] Decrease[31] Maximum estimate.[31]
West Caucasian tur Capra caucasica 4000–5000[32] EN[32] Decrease[32]
Barbary sheep Ammotragus lervia 5000–10000[33] VU[33] Steady[33]
Beira Dorcatragus megalotis 7000[34] VU[34] Decrease[34]
Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx 7000–8000[35] VU[35] Steady[35] 6000–7000 in captivity and c. 1000 in the wild.[35]
Hairy-fronted muntjac Muntiacus crinifrons 7000–8500[36] VU[36] Decrease[36] Most recent estimate was in 1998.[36]
Banteng Bos javanicus 8000[37] EN[37] Decrease[37] Maximum estimate; may be fewer than 5000. Numbers do not include the non-purebred domestic variety.[37]
Markhor Capra falconeri 9700[38] NT[38] Increase[38] Estimate includes approximately 900 animals assumed to live in areas for which data is unavailable.[38]
Nubian ibex Capra nubiana 5000[39] VU[39] Decrease[39] Estimate for mature individuals only due to some areas lacking population estimates.[39]
Southern pudú Pudu puda 10000[40] NT[40] Decrease[40] Maximum estimate.[40]
Red goral Naemorhedus baileyi 10000[41] VU[41] Decrease[41] Maximum estimate for mature individuals.[41]
Four-horned antelope Tetracerus quadricornis 10000[42] VU[42] Decrease[42]
Javan rusa Rusa timorensis 10000[43] VU[43] Decrease[43] Maximum estimate for mature individuals.[22]
Taruca Hippocamelus antisensis 12000–17000[44] VU[44] Decrease[44]
Gaur Bos gaurus 13000–30000[45] VU[45] Decrease[45]
Soemmerring's gazelle Nanger soemmerringii 14000[46] VU[46] Decrease[46]
Mountain gazelle Gazella gazella 15000[47] EN[47] Decrease[47] Maximum estimate.[47]
Wild yak Bos mutus 15000[48] VU[48] Decrease[48] Estimate is from 1995.[48]
Giant eland Tragelaphus derbianus 15000–20000[49] VU[49] Decrease[49]
Black wildebeest Connochaetes gnou 18000[50] LC[50] Increase[50] Minimum estimate (11000 wild and 7000 semi-domesticated).[50]
Grey rhebok Pelea capreolus 18000[51] NT[51] Steady[51]
Harvey's duiker Cephalophus harveyi 20000[52] LC[52] Decrease[52] Numbers may be overestimated.[52]
Pampas deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus 20000–80000[53] NT[53] Decrease[53]
Red-fronted gazelle Eudorcas rufifrons 25000[54] VU[54] Decrease[54]
Zebra duiker Cephalophus zebra 28000[55] VU[55] Decrease[55] Could be overestimated; may be less than 15000.[55]
Bongo Tragelaphus eurycerus 28000[56] NT[56] Decrease[56] Two subspecies: Mountain (75–140) and Lowland (28000).[56]
Alpine ibex Capra ibex 30000[57] LC[57] Increase[57] Was as low as 100 individuals in the 1800s.[57]
Silver dik-dik Madoqua piacentinii 30000[58] DD[58] Decrease[58] Possibly overestimated.[58]
Nyala Tragelaphus angasii 32000[59] LC[59] Steady[59]
Ogilby's duiker Cephalophus ogilbyi 35000[60] LC[60] Decrease[60]
Okapi Okapia johnstoni 35000–50000[61] EN[61] Decrease[61]
Mountain reedbuck Redunca fulvorufula 36000[62] EN[62] Steady[62] Minimum estimate, divided into three subspecies: Southern (33000), Chanler's (2900), and Western (450).[62]
Red forest duiker Cephalophus natalensis 42000[63] LC[63] Decrease[63] Numbers may be underestimated.[63]
Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus 42000[64] LC[64] Steady[64] Estimate is considered conservative.[64]
Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra 50000[65] NT[65] Steady[65] Numbers have increased from 20000–24000 in the 1970s.[65]
Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica 50000[66] LC[66] Increase[66] Numbered only c. 7900 in the early 1990s.[66]
Royal antelope Neotragus pygmaeus 62000[67] LC[67] Decrease[67] Possibly underestimated.[67]
East African oryx Oryx beisa 67000[68] EN[68] Decrease[68] Divided into two subspecies: Beisa (50000) and Fringe-eared (17000).[68]
Bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis 70000[69] LC[69] Steady[69] Estimate was made in 2010.[69]
Southern reedbuck Redunca arundinum 73000[70] LC[70] Steady[70]
Sable antelope Hippotragus niger 75000[71] LC[71] Steady[71]
Roan antelope Hippotragus equinus 76000[72] LC[72] Decrease[72]
Mountain goat Oreamnos americanus 80000–119000[73] LC[73] Steady[73]
Gerenuk Litocranius walleri 95000[74] NT[74] Decrease[74]
Sharpe's grysbok Raphicerus sharpei 95000[75] LC[75] Steady[75] Difficult to study due to the animal's nocturnal nature; numbers may be underestimated.[75]
Japanese serow Capricornis crispus 100000[76] LC[76] Increase[76]
Black duiker Cephalophus niger 100000[77] LC[77] Decrease[77]
Bohor reedbuck Redunca redunca 101000[78] LC[78] Decrease[78] Probably underestimated.[78]
Wild goat Capra aegagrus 110000[79] NT[79] Steady[79] Minimum estimate, due to lacking population data in some areas.[79]
Dall sheep Ovis dalli 111500–116500[80] LC[80] Steady[80] Consists of approximately 41500 sheep in Canada and between 70000 and 75000 animals in the United States.[80]
Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius 115000–130000[81] VU[81] Steady[81]
Lesser kudu Tragelaphus imberbis 118000[82] NT[82] Decrease[82] Minimum estimate.[82]
Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa 120000–140000[83] VU[83] Decrease[83]
Puku Kobus vardonii 130000[84] NT[84] Decrease[84]
Muskox Ovibos moschatus 135000[85] LC[85] Steady[85] Estimate includes 75400 animals in the Northwest Territories, 45300 in Nunavut, 3714 in Alaska, and between 9500 and 12500 in Greenland.[85]
Common eland Tragelaphus oryx 136000[86] LC[86] Steady[86]
Yellow-backed duiker Cephalophus silvicultor 160000[87] NT[87] Decrease[87]
Saiga antelope Saiga tatarica 165000[88] NT[88] Decrease[88] Numbers stood at 1250000 in the mid-1970s.[88]
Red-flanked duiker Cephalophus rufilatus 170000[89] LC[89] Decrease[89]
Sitatunga Tragelaphus spekii 170000[90] LC[90] Decrease[90] Yet-to-be-published research suggests the population has been overestimated.[90]
Siberian ibex Capra sibirica 170000–250000[91] NT[91] Decrease[91]
Weyns's duiker Cephalophus weynsi 188000[92] LC[92] Decrease[92]
Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus 200000[93] LC[93] Decrease[93] About 95000 of the Defassa subspecies and 105000 of the Common.[93]
Lechwe Kobus leche 212000[94] NT[94] Steady[94] Combined numbers of three subspecies: Red (98000), Kafue (78000), and Black (36000).[94]
Bates's pygmy antelope Neotragus batesi 219000[95] LC[95] Steady[95]
Water chevrotain Hyemoschus aquaticus 278000[96] LC[96] Decrease[96]
White-bellied duiker Cephalophus leucogaster 287000[97] NT[97] Decrease[97]
Black-fronted duiker Cephalophus nigrifrons 300000[98] LC[98] Decrease[98]
Vicuña Vicugna vicugna 350000[99] LC[99] Increase[99]
Grant's gazelle Nanger granti 350000[100] LC[100] Decrease[100]
Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus 362000[101] LC[101] Decrease[101]
Suni Nesotragus moschatus 365000[102] LC[102] Steady[102]
Gemsbok Oryx gazella 373000[103] LC[103] Steady[103]
Peters's duiker Cephalophus callipygus 382000[104] LC[104] Decrease[104]
Greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros 482000[105] LC[105] Steady[105]
Salt's dik-dik Madoqua saltiana 485600[106] LC[106] Steady[106]
Günther's dik-dik Madoqua guentheri 511000[107] LC[107] Steady[107]
American bison Bison bison 530000[108] NT[108] Steady[108] Includes 500000 semi-domestic animals and 30000 wild (19000 plains bison and 11000 wood bison).[108]
Thomson's gazelle Eudorcas thomsonii 550000[109] LC[109] Decrease[109]
Steenbok Raphicerus campestris 600000[110] LC[40] Steady[110] Considered an underestimate.[110]
Pronghorn Antilocapra americana 700000[111] LC[111] Steady[111] Numbered over 35000000 in the early 1800s and as little as 20000 in the early 1920s.[111]
Bay duiker Cephalophus dorsalis 725000[112] NT[112] Decrease[112]
Oribi Ourebia ourebi 750000[113] LC[113] Decrease[113]
African buffalo Syncerus caffer 890000[114] NT[114] Decrease[114] Considered conservative. Divided into four subspecies: West African Savanna (27000), Central African Savanna (133000), Southern Savanna (670000), and Forest (60000).[114]
Kirk's dik-dik Madoqua kirkii 971000[115] LC[115] Steady[115]
Siberian roe deer Capreolus pygargus 1000000[116] LC[116] Decrease[116] About 500000 were hunted annually in Russia in the 1800s.[116]
Bushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus 1340000[117] LC[117] Steady[117] Estimate is considered conservative.[117]
Guanaco Lama guanicoe 1000000[118] LC[118] Increase[118]
Moose Alces alces 1500000[119] LC[119] Increase[119]
Blue wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus 1550000[120] LC[120] Steady[120]
Common duiker Sylvicapra grimmia 1660000[121] LC[121] Steady[121] Considered extremely conservative; yet-to-be-published research shows it may number as high as 10000000.[121]
Impala Aepyceros melampus 2000000[122] LC[122] Steady[122]
Springbok Antidorcas marsupialis 2000000–2500000[123] LC[123] Increase[123]
Maxwell's duiker Philantomba maxwellii 2137000[124] LC[124] Decrease[124] Quite possibly underestimated.[124]
Mongolian gazelle Procapra gutturosa 2140000[125] LC[125] Unknown[125] Estimate has dropped from 2700000 since 1998.[125]
Blue duiker Philantomba monticola 7000000[126] LC[126] Steady[126] Estimate is considered conservative.[126]
White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus 11500000[127] LC[127] Steady[127] Estimated population in the United States and Canada only, with estimate of 11000000 in the US considered a minimum.[127]
Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 172000000[128] Domesticated incl. 3200000 Carabao in the Philippines
Domestic goat Capra hircus 850000000[129] Domesticated
Cattle Bos taurus 1500000000[130] Domesticated
Domestic pig Sus domesticus 1000000000[131] Domesticated
Domestic sheep Ovis aries 1000000000[131] Domesticated

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Timmins, R. J., Hedges, S. & Robichaud, W. G. (2016). "Pseudoryx nghetinhensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T18597A46364962. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T18597A46364962.en. Retrieved 15 January 2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b c d Narayan, G., Deka, P. & Oliver, W. (2008). "Porcula salvania". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T21172A9254675. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T21172A9254675.en. Retrieved 15 January 2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b c d Semiadi, G.; Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Axis kuhlii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2447A73071875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2447A73071875.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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  5. ^ a b c Boyles, R.; Schutz, E.; de Leon, J. (2016). "Bubalus mindorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T3127A50737640. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3127A50737640.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d Macdonald, A.; Leus, K.; Masaaki, I.; Burton, J. (2016). "Babyrousa togeanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136472A44143172. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136472A44143172.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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  10. ^ a b c d Wang, Y.; Harris, R.B. (2015). "Moschus anhuiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T136643A61979276. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T136643A61979276.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  11. ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Procapra przewalskii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T18230A50192807. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T18230A50192807.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  12. ^ a b c d Rabiei, A. & Saltz, D. (2011). "Dama mesopotamica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
  13. ^ a b c d Hare, J. (2008). "Camelus ferus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T63543A12689285. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T63543A12689285.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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  16. ^ a b c d Moyer, D.; Jones, T.; Rovero, F. (2016). "Cephalophus spadix". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4151A50184413. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T4151A50184413.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  17. ^ a b c IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Gazella cuvieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T8967A50186003. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8967A50186003.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  18. ^ a b c d Alempath, M.; Rice, C. (2008). "Nilgiritragus hylocrius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T9917A13026736. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T9917A13026736.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  19. ^ a b c d Ransom, C.; Robinson, P.T.; Collen, B. (2015). "Choeropsis liberiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T10032A18567171. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T10032A18567171.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  20. ^ a b c d Burton, J.; Wheeler, P.; Mustari, A. (2016). "Bubalus quarlesi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T3128A46364433. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3128A46364433.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  21. ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Gazella leptoceros". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T8972A50186909. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8972A50186909.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  22. ^ a b c d e Brook, S.M. (2016). "Rusa alfredi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4273A22168782. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T4273A22168782.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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  25. ^ a b c d Altrichter, M.; Taber, A.; Noss, A.; Maffei, L.; Campos, J. (2015). "Catagonus wagneri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4015A72587993. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4015A72587993.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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  31. ^ a b c d Ross, S.; Al-Rawahi, H.; Al-Jahdhami, M.H.; Spalton, J.A.; Mallon, D.; Al-Shukali, A.S.; Al-Rasbi, A.; Al-Fazari, W.; Chreiki, M.K. (2019). "Arabitragus jayakari". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T9918A156925170. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T9918A156925170.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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  34. ^ a b c IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Dorcatragus megalotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T6793A50185898. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T6793A50185898.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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