List of political parties in Belarus
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 Belarus portal |
This is a list of political parties in Belarus.
Though Belarus has a de jure multi-party system, however it operates as a de facto one-party system within an Authoritarian State. [1][2]
Officially registered parties
[edit]According to the "press service of the president of Belarus" only four parties are officially registered:[3]
| Name | Abbr. | Leader | Ideology | Representatives | Councilors | Political position | Alliances | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.svg) | Belaya Rus Белая Русь | BR БР | Oleg Romanov | Statism Russophilia Pro-Lukashenko | 51 / 110 | 16 / 64 | Big tent | RKSKPPGA | |
| Republican Party of Labour and Justice Республиканская партия труда и справедливости Рэспубліканская партыя працы і справядлівасьці | RPTS РПТС РППС | Alexander Stepanov | Socialism Pro-Lukashenko | 8 / 110 | 0 / 64 | Centre-left | RKSKPPGA Regional: FSS CIS | ||
 | Communist Party of Belarus Коммунистическая партия Беларуси Камуністычная партыя Беларусі | CPB КПБ | Aliaksiej Sokal | Communism Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism Belarusian–Russian unionism | 7 / 110 | 1 / 64 | Far-left | National: RKSKPPGA Regional: UCP – CPSU International: IMCWP | |
 | Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus Либерально-демократическая партия Беларуси Ліберальна-дэмакратычная партыя Беларусі | LDPB ЛДПБ | Oleg Gaidukevich | 4 / 110 | 0 / 64 | Right-wing | Regional: LDPR | ||
Parties that have never been registered
[edit]
.svg){kind=small}
Deregistered parties
[edit]| Name | Abbr. | Leader (s) | Ideology | Political position | Foundation | Alliances | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BPF Party Партыя БНФ Партия БНФ | PBNF ПБНФ | Ryhor Kastusioŭ | Belarusian nationalism Christian democracy Conservatism Pro-Europeanism | Centre-right to right-wing | 1993 (officially deregistered in 2023) | BNB, UDF European: ECR Party International: IDU | ||
| Belarusian Green Party Беларуская партыя «Зялёныя» Белорусская партия «Зелёные» | BGP БПЗ | Dźmitry Kučuk | Green politics Eco-socialism Environmentalism Anti-capitalism Alter-globalism | Left-wing | 1994 (officially deregistered in 2023) | BNB European: EGP (associate) International: GG (associate) | ||
 | Belarusian Left Party "A Just World" Беларуская партыя левых «Справядлівы свет» Белорусская партия левых «Справедливый мир» | BPL БПЛ | Sergey Kalyakin | Socialism Anti-Lukashenko | Left-wing | 1991 (officially deregistered in 2023) | National: UDF European: PEL | |
| Belarusian Patriotic Party Белорусская патриотическая партия Беларуская патрыятычная партыя | BPP БПП | Nikolai Ulakhovich | Socialism Pro-Lukashenko | Left-wing | 1994 (officially deregistered in 2023) | RKSKPPGA | ||
| Belarusian Social Democratic Assembly Беларуская сацыял-дэмакратычная Грамада Белорусская социал-демократическая Грамада | BSDA БСДГ | Siarhiej Čeračań | Social democracy Civic nationalism Environmentalism Pro-Europeanism | Centre-left | 1991 (first) 1998 (current) (officially deregistered in 2023) | |||
 | Belarusian Social Democratic Party (Assembly) Беларуская сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Грамада) Белорусская социал-демократическая партия (Грамада) | BSDP (Hramada) БСДП (Грамада) | Ihar Barysaŭ | Social democracy Liberal democracy Pro-Europeanism | Centre-left | 2005 (officially deregistered in 2023) | UDF European: PES International: PA (observer) | |
| Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly) Беларуская сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Народная Грамада) Белорусская социал-демократическая партия (Народная Громада) | BSDP (PA) БСДП (НГ) | Mikola Statkevich | Social democracy Sustainable development Non-interventionism | Centre-left | 1996 (officially deregistered in 2005) | International: PA, SI | ||
 | Belarusian Social Sporting Party Белорусская социально-спортивная партия Беларуская сацыяльна-спартыўная партыя | BSSP БССП | Vladimir Alexandrovich | Welfarism Pro-Lukashenko Russophilia | Centre-left | 1994 (officially deregistered in 2023) | RKSKPPGA | |
| Belarusian Women's Party "Nadzieja" Беларуская партыя жанчын «Надзея» Белорусская партия женщин «Надзея» | BWP "Nadzieja" БПЖ «Надзея» | Aliena Jaśkova | Women's rights Social democracy | Centre-left | 1994 (officially deregistered in 2007) | UDF European: International: PA | ||
 | Conservative Christian Party – BPF Кансерватыўна-хрысціянская партыя — БНФ Консервативно-христианская партия — БНФ | CChP-BPF КХП-БНФ | Zianon Pazniak | Belarusian nationalism National conservatism Social conservatism Christian right | Right-wing | 1999 (officially deregistered in 2023) | ||
.svg){kind=small} | Republican Party Республиканская партия Рэспубліканская партыя | RP РП | Uladzimir Belazor | Eurasianism Pro-Lukashenko | Centre (official) | 1994 (officially deregistered in 2023) | RKSKPPGA | |
| Social Democratic Party of Popular Accord Социал-демократическая партия народного согласия Сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя Народнай Згоды | SDPPA СДПНС СДПНЗ | Sergey Yermak | Social democracy Pro-Lukashenko | Centre-left | 1997 (officially deregistered in 2023) | RKSKPPGA | ||
| United Civic Party Аб'яднаная грамадзянская партыя Объединённая гражданская партия | UCP АГП ОГП | Mikalaj Kazloŭ | Liberal conservatism Economic liberalism Pro-Europeanism | Centre-right | 1995 (officially deregistered in 2023) | UDF European: EPP (observer) International: IDU | ||
Political movements
[edit]| Name | Abbr. | Leader (s) | Ideology | Political position | Foundation | Alliances | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belarusian Students' Association Задзіночанне беларускіх студэнтаў | BSA БРСМ | Youth rights | 1988 officially deregistered in 2001 | European Students' Union | ||||
| Belarusian Republican Youth Union Белорусский республиканский союз молодёжи Беларускi рэспубліканскі саюз моладзі | BRSM БРСМ | Dmitry Voronyuk | Patriotism Moral values Pro-Lukashenko | Big tent | 2002 (not registered) | RKSKPPGA | ||
 | Legalize Belarus Legalize Belarus | Liberalism | Advocation for drug liberalization | 2017 (not registered) | ||||
 | Young Front Малады фронт Молодой фронт | MF МФ | Dzianis Urbanovič | Belarusian nationalism Christian democracy | Centre-right to right-wing | 1997 (not registered) | UDF European: YEPP, EDS | |
| Young Democrats Маладыя дэмакраты Молодые демократы | MD МД | Alaksandar Šumkievič | Christian democracy | Centre-right | 1997 (officially deregistered in 2004) | BNB European: YEPP (observer) ECPYouth (observer) | ||
 | Right Alliance Правы альянс Правый альянс | PFP ПСП | Juraś Karetnikaŭ | Conservatism Traditionalism Civic nationalism Belarusian nationalism | Right-wing to far-right | 2004-2011 (not registered) | ||
| Young Belarus Маладая Беларусь Молодая Беларусь | MB МБ | Artur Fińkievič | Belarusian nationalism Christian democracy Conservatism | Centre-right to right-wing | 2004 (not registered) | BNB | ||
| Youth Bloc Моладзевы блок | MB МБ | Classical liberalism | Center | 2019 (not registered) | International Federation of Liberal Youth (associate member) | |||
 | Revolutionary Action Рэвалюцыйнае дзеянне Революционное действие | RD РД | Collective leadership | Anarcho-communism Social anarchism Insurrectionary anarchism Illegalism Platformism | Far-left | 2005 (not registered) | Regional: AD | |
 | Movement "For Freedom" Рух «За свабоду» Движение «За свободу» | Za svabodu За свабод уЗа свободу | Yury Gubarevič | Liberal democracy Pro-Europeanism | Big tent | 2006 (not registered) | UDF, BNB | |
| Tell the Truth Гавары праўду Говори правду | GP ГП | Andrey Dmitriyeu Tatsiana Karatkevich | Democratization Anti-Lukashenko | Big tent | 2010 (not registered) | |||
Historical parties and movements (1991–present)
[edit]| Name | Abbr. | Leader (s) | Ideology | Political position | Years active | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | Belarusian Popular Front "Adradžeńnie" Беларускі народны фронт «Адраджэньне» Белорусский народный фронт «Возрождение» | BPF БНФ | Zianon Pazniak | Anti-communism Belarusian nationalism National democracy | Centre-right | 1989-1993 (successed by BPF Party and CChP–BPF) | |
| United Democratic Party of Belarus Аб'яднаная дэмакратычная партыя Беларусі Объединённая демократическая партия Беларуси | UDPB АДПБ ОДПБ | Stanislaŭ Bahdankievič | Liberal conservatism | Centre-right | 1990-1995 (merged into UCP) | ||
 | Belarusian Peasant Party Беларуская сялянская партыя Белорусская крестьянская партия | BPP БСП БКП | Jaŭhien Luhin | Agrarianism Liberalism Belarusian nationalism | Centre-right | 1991-1999 | |
| Belarusian Christian Democratic Union Беларуская хрысціянска-дэмакратычная злучнасць Белорусский христианско-демократический союз | BCDU БХДЗ БХДС | P. Silka | Christian democracy Belarusization | Centre-right | 1991-? | ||
| Belarusian Party of Communists Партыя камуністаў беларуская Партия коммунистов белорусская | PCB ПКБ | Sergey Kalyakin | Communism Marxism Socialism | Left-wing to far-left | 1991-2009 (rebranded into A Just World) | ||
 | Slavic Council "Belaya Rus" Славянскі сабор «Белая Русь» Славянский собор «Белая Русь» | SCBR ССБР | Mikalaj Siarhiejeŭ Valieryj Suriajeŭ Michail Iĺin | Great Russian nationalism Russian irredentism Russophilia Slavophilia Pan-Slavism | Right-wing to far-right | 1992-1999 | |
| People's Accord Party Партыя народнай згоды Партия народного согласия | PAP ПНЗ ПНС | Hienadź Karpienka | Social democracy | Centre-left | 1992-1996 (merged into SDPPA) | ||
| | Belarusian Freedom Party Беларуская партыя свабоды Белорусская партия свободы | BFP БПС | Serhiy Visotskiy | Belarusian nationalism National conservatism Russophobia | Far-right | 1992-2003 (successed by PA) | |
| Belarusian Ecological Green Party Беларуская экалягічная партыя зялёных Белорусская экологическая партия зеленых | BEGP БЭПЗ | Mikalaj Kartaš | Green politics | Centre-left | 1992-2007 | ||
 | Belarusian Agrarian Party Белорусская аграрная партия Беларуская аграрная партыя | BAP БАП | Mikhail Rusy | Agrarian socialism Pro-Lukashenko | Left-wing | 1992-2023 | |
 | Beer Lovers Party Партыя аматараў піва Партия любителей пива | BLP ПАП ПЛП | Andrej Ramašeŭski | Joke party Liberalism | Centre-right | 1993-1997 | |
| Polish Democratic Association Польскае дэмакратычнае аб’яднанне Польское демократическое объединение Polskie Zjednoczenie Demokratyczne | PZD ПДА ПДО | Edward Ochrem Konstanty Tarasiewicz | Polish minority interests Christian democracy | Centre-right | 1993-1995 | ||
| Belarusian Labour Party Беларуская партыя працы Белорусская партия труда | BPT БПП БПТ | Aliaksandar Buchvostaŭ | Social democracy Labourism | Centre-left | 1993-2009 (merged into BSDP) | ||
| Civic Party Грамадзянская партыя Гражданская партия | GP ГП | Jaroslav Romanchuk | Liberal conservatism | Centre-right | 1994-1995 (merged into UCP) | ||
| Belarusian Popular Party Беларуская народная партыя Белорусская народная партия | BPP БНП | Victor Tereshchenko | Social liberalism | Centre | 1994-1999 | ||
| Belarusian Women's Party "Nadzieja" Беларуская партыя жанчын «Надзея» Белорусская партия женщин «Надзея» | BWP "Nadzieja" БПЖ «Надзея» | Aliena Jaśkova | Women's rights Social democracy | Centre-left | 1994-2007 (officially deregistered) | ||
| Belarusian National Party Беларуская нацыянальная партыя Белорусская национальная партия | BNP БПНП | Anatoĺ Astapienka | Belarusian nationalism Christian conservatism | Right-wing | 1994-1999 | ||
| Belarusian Party "Green Peace" Беларуская партыя «Зялёны мір» Белорусская партия «Зелёный мир» | BPGP БПЗМ | Anatoĺ Astapienka | Green politics Pacifism | Centre-left | 1994-1999 | ||
| Belarusian Christian Democratic Party Беларуская хрысціянска-дэмакратычная партыя Белорусская христианско-демократическая партия | BCDP БХДП | Mikalaj Krukoŭski | Christian democracy | Centre to centre-right | 1994-1999 | ||
| All-Belarusian Unity and Accord Party Партыя ўсебеларускага адзінства і згоды Партия всебелорусского единства и согласия | PVES ПЎАЗ ПВЕС | Social liberalism | Centre | 1994-1999 | |||
| Christian Democratic Choice Хрысціянска-дэмакратычны выбар Христианско-демократический выбор | CDV ХДВ | Valieryj Saroka | Christian democracy | Centre | 1995-1999 | ||
| National Democratic Party of Belarusians Нацыянальна-дэмакратычная партыя беларусаў Национально-демократическая партия белорусов | NDBP НДПБ | Viktar Navumienka | Belarusian nationalism National democracy | Right-wing | 1995-? | ||
| Belarusian Socialist Party Беларуская сацыялістычная партыя Белорусская социалистическая партия | BSP БСП | Michail Padhajny | Socialism Democratic socialism | Left-wing | 1995-1999 | ||
| Belarusian Ecological Party Беларуская экалягічная партыя Белорусская экологическая партия | BEP БЭП | Michail Frydliand | Green politics Environmentalism | Centre-left | 1995-1998 (merged into BEGP) | ||
| Belarusian Republican Party Беларуская рэспубліканская партыя Белорусская республиканская партия | BRP БРП | Valier Artyšeŭski | Liberalism Belarusian nationalism | Centre-right | 1995-1999 | ||
| Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly) Беларуская сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Народная Грамада) Белорусская социал-демократическая партия (Народная Громада) | BSDP (PA) БСДП (НГ) | Mikola Statkevich | Social democracy Sustainable development Non-interventionism | Centre-left | 1996-2005 (officially deregistered, merged into BSDP) | ||
| Belarusian Resistance Movement "ZUBR" Беларускі Рух Супраціву "ЗУБР" Белорусское движение сопротивления "ЗУБР" | ZUBR ЗУБР | Mikita Sasim Jaŭhien Afnahieĺ | Nonviolent resistance Liberal democracy Pro-Europeanism | Catch-all | 2001-2006 | ||
| European Coalition Free Belarus Еўрапейская кааліцыя «Свабодная Беларусь» Европейская коалиция «Свободная Беларусь» | ECFB ЕКСБ | Andrej Sańnikaŭ | Liberal democracy Pro-Europeanism | Centre | 2003-2005 | ||
 | People's Coalition 5 Plus Народная каалица 5 Плюс Народная коалиция 5 Плюс | 5 Plus 5 Плюс | Collective leadership | Big tent Pro-Europeanism | Catch-all | 2004-2006 (merged into UDF) | |
| Civil Alliance for Just and Fair Elections for a Better Life "Talaka" Грамадзянскі альянс за справядлівыя і сумленныя выбары для лепшага жыцця «Талака» Гражданский альянс за справедливые и честные выборы для лучшей жизни «Талака» | Talaka Талака | Collective leadership | Big tent Anti-Lukashenko Pro-Europeanism | Catch-all | 2013-2015 | ||
Soviet parties (1918–1991)
[edit]CPB
[edit]| Name | Abbr. | Leader (s) | Ideology | Political position | Years active | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sole legal party (before 1990) | |||||||
.svg) | Communist Party of Byelorussia Коммунистическая партия Белоруссии Камуністычная партыя Беларусі | CPB КПБ | Alexander Miasnikian (first) Anatoly Malofeyev (last) | Communism Marxism–Leninism | Far-left | 1918-1991 (succeeded by PCB) | |
| (in Poland) | Communist Party of Western Belorussia Камуністычная партыя Заходняй Беларусі Komunistyczna Partia Zachodniej Białorusi | KPZB КПЗБ | Joseph Loginovich Stephan Mertens Vera Kharuzhaya | Communism Marxism–Leninism National communism | Far-left | 1923-1938 | |
| (in Poland) | Belarusian Peasants' and Workers' Union Беларуская сялянска-работніцкая грамада Białoruska Włościańsko-Robotnicza Hromada | BPWU БСРГ BWRH | Branislaw Tarashkyevich | Belarusian separatism Socialism Left-wing nationalism Agrarian socialism | Left-wing | 1925-1927 | |
Clandestine parties
[edit]| Name | Abbr. | Leader (s) | Ideology | Political position | Years active | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belarusian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries Беларуская партыя сацыялістаў-рэвалюцыянераў Белорусская партия социалистов-революционеров | BPS-R БПС-Р | Paluta Badunova | Neo-Narodism Agrarian socialism Revolutionary socialism | Left-wing | 1918-1924 | ||
| Belarusian National Socialist Party Беларуская нацыянал-сацыялістычная партыя Белорусская национал-социалистическая партия | BNSP БНСП | Fabijan Akinčyc | Belarusian nationalism Nazism Antisemitism Anti-communism | Far-right | 1933-1943 | ||
| Belarusian Independence Party Беларуская незалежніцкая партыя Белорусская независимая партия | BNP БНП | Vincent Hadleŭski Mikalaj Ščors | Belarusian nationalism Fascism Nazism Anti-communism | Far-right | 1939/42-1950s | ||
| | Belarusian Popular Front "Adradžeńnie" Беларускі народны фронт «Адраджэньне» Белорусский народный фронт «Возрождение» | BPF БНФ | Zianon Pazniak | Anti-communism Belarusian nationalism National democracy | Centre-right | 1989-1993 legalized in 1990 | |
Independence parties (1917–1918)
[edit]| Name | Abbr. | Leader (s) | Ideology | Political position | Years active | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia Усеагульны яўрэйскі рабочы саюз у Літве, Польшчы і Расіі אַלגעמײנער ייִדישער אַרבעטער־בונד אין ליטע, פּױלן און רוסלאַנד | Bund Бунд בונד | Victor Alter | Bundism Socialism Jewish Autonomism Non-Zionism Secularism | Left-wing | 1897-1921 | |
| Belarusian Socialist Assembly Беларуская сацыялістычная грамада Белорусская социалистическая грамада | BSA БСГ | Anton Luckievich Ivan Luckievič Alaiza Pashkevich | Neo-Narodism Belarusian nationalism Agrarian socialism Left-wing nationalism | Left-wing | 1902-1918 | ||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jones, Mark P. (2018). Herron, Erik S; Pekkanen, Robert J; Shugart, Matthew S (eds.). "Presidential and Legislative Elections". The Oxford Handbook of Electoral Systems. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258658.001.0001. ISBN 9780190258658. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
unanimous agreement among serious scholars that... Lukashenko's 2015 election occurred within an authoritarian context.
Levitsky, Steven (2013). Competitive authoritarianism: hybrid regimes after the Cold War. Cambridge University Press. pp. 4, 9–10, 21, 70. ISBN 978-0-521-88252-1. OCLC 968631692.Crabtree, Charles; Fariss, Christopher J.; Schuler, Paul (2016). "The presidential election in Belarus, October 2015". Electoral Studies. 42: 304–307. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2016.02.006. ISSN 0261-3794. S2CID 155377250."Belarus strongman Lukashenko marks 25 years in power | DW | 10 July 2019". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 21 May 2020. - ^ "Belarus leader dismisses democracy even as vote takes place". AP NEWS. 17 November 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2020.Rausing, Sigrid (7 October 2012). "Belarus: inside Europe's last dictatorship". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 7 August 2014.World Report 2020: Rights Trends in Belarus. 10 December 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help)"Human rights by country – Belarus". Amnesty International Report 2007. Amnesty International. 2007. Archived from the original on 12 December 2007. Retrieved 22 December 2007. - ^ Политические партии
- ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20150614141417/http://nazbol.info/rubr1/5458.html Нацболы Беларуси перешли в оппозицию Лукашенко
External links
[edit]- List of political parties from the Ministry of Justice (in Russian)
- Political Parties In Belarus - Do They Really Matter?
- Opposition Reshaping: Where Will It Lead?