Phageome
A phageome is a community of bacteriophages and their metagenomes localized in a particular environment, similar to a microbiome.[1][2] The term was first used in an article by Modi et al. in 2013[3] and has continued to be used in scientific articles that relate to bacteriophages and their metagenomes. A bacteriophage, or phage for short, is a virus that can infect bacteria and archaea, and can replicate inside of them. Phageome is a subcategory of virome, which is all of the viruses that are associated with a host or environment.[4] Phages make up the majority of most viromes and are currently understood as being the most abundant organism.[5] Oftentimes scientists will look only at a phageome instead of a virome while conducting research.
In humans
[edit]Although bacteriophages cannot infect human cells, they are found in abundance in the human virome.[6]
The human gut phageome has recently become a topic of interest in the scientific community. The makeup of the gut phageome can be responsible for different gut-related diseases such as IBD. The composition of phages that make up a healthy human gut phageome is currently debated, since different methods of research can lead to different results.[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Ma Y, You X, Mai G, Tokuyasu T, Liu C (February 2018). "A human gut phage catalog correlates the gut phageome with type 2 diabetes". Microbiome. 6 (1): 24. doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0410-y. PMC 5796561. PMID 29391057.
- ^ Townsend EM, Kelly L, Muscatt G, Box JD, Hargraves N, Lilley D, Jameson E (2021-06-04). "The Human Gut Phageome: Origins and Roles in the Human Gut Microbiome". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 11: 643214. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.643214. PMC 8213399. PMID 34150671.
- ^ Modi SR, Lee HH, Spina CS, Collins JJ (July 2013). "Antibiotic treatment expands the resistance reservoir and ecological network of the phage metagenome". Nature. 499 (7457): 219–222. Bibcode:2013Natur.499..219M. doi:10.1038/nature12212. PMC 3710538. PMID 23748443.
- ^ Virgin HW (March 2014). "The virome in mammalian physiology and disease". Cell. 157 (1): 142–150. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.032. PMC 3977141. PMID 24679532.
- ^ Keen EC (January 2015). "A century of phage research: bacteriophages and the shaping of modern biology". BioEssays. 37 (1): 6–9. doi:10.1002/bies.201400152. PMC 4418462. PMID 25521633.
- ^ Górska A, Peter S, Willmann M, Autenrieth I, Schlaberg R, Huson DH (June 2018). "Dynamics of the human gut phageome during antibiotic treatment". Computational Biology and Chemistry. 74: 420–427. doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.03.011. PMID 29567068. S2CID 4222429.
- ^ Shkoporov AN, Ryan FJ, Draper LA, Forde A, Stockdale SR, Daly KM, et al. (April 2018). "Reproducible protocols for metagenomic analysis of human faecal phageomes". Microbiome. 6 (1): 68. doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0446-z. PMC 5892011. PMID 29631623.