She's Leaving Home
| "She's Leaving Home" | |
|---|---|
 Sheet music cover | |
| Song by the Beatles | |
| from the album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band | |
| Released | 26 May 1967[1] |
| Recorded | 17 and 20 March 1967 |
| Studio | EMI, London |
| Genre | |
| Length | 3:26 |
| Label |
|
| Songwriter(s) | Lennon–McCartney |
| Producer(s) | George Martin |
"She's Leaving Home" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon, and released on their 1967 album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. Paul McCartney wrote and sang the verse and John Lennon wrote the chorus, which they sang together. Neither George Harrison nor Ringo Starr were involved in the recording. The song's instrumental background was performed entirely by a small string orchestra arranged by Mike Leander, and is one of only a handful of Beatles recordings in which none of the members played a musical instrument.
Background
[edit]Paul McCartney said of the song in his Playboy magazine interview in December 1984:
I wrote that. My kind of ballad from that period. My daughter likes that one. One of my daughters likes that. Still works. The other thing I remember is that George Martin was offended that I used another arranger. He was busy and I was itching to get on with it; I was inspired. I think George had a lot of difficulty forgiving me for that. It hurt him; I didn't mean to.[4]
McCartney was inspired by a story on the front page of the Daily Mail, about a girl named Melanie Coe.[5] Although McCartney invented most of the content in the song, Coe, who was 17 at the time, has said that most of it was accurate. In actuality, Coe left with her boyfriend, a croupier. She did not "meet a man from the motor trade", although her boyfriend previously had been in that trade.[6] She left in the afternoon while her parents were at work, while the girl in the song leaves early in the morning as her parents sleep. Coe was found ten days later because she had let slip where her boyfriend worked.[7] When she returned home, she was pregnant and had an abortion.[8]
Coincidentally, Coe had actually met McCartney three years earlier, in 1963 when he chose her as the prize winner in a dancing contest on ITV's Ready Steady Go![9] An update on Coe appeared in The Guardian in December 2008,[6] and she was interviewed about the song on the BBC programme The One Show on 24 November 2010.[10] In May 2017, Rolling Stone magazine carried an interview with Coe to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the album's release.[5]
Recording
[edit]"She's Leaving Home" was recorded during the sessions for the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. The day before McCartney wanted to work on the song's score, he learned that George Martin, who usually handled the Beatles' string arrangements, was not available. McCartney contacted Mike Leander, who did it in Martin's place. This was the first time a Beatles song was not arranged by Martin. Martin, though hurt by this, produced the song and conducted the string section in a session on 17 March 1967 that generated six takes.[11] The melody is composed in a modal scale, typical of English traditional music. The harp was played by Sheila Bromberg, the first female musician to appear on a Beatles record.[12][13] Three days later, McCartney's lead vocal and Lennon's backing vocal were recorded, with the two singing together on each of two vocal tracks, their voices overlapping to match the narrative.[11]
The stereo version of the song, finalised on 17 April 1967, runs at a slower speed than the mono mix, completed on 20 March 1967, and consequently is a semitone lower in pitch.[14][15] A 2007 Mojo magazine article revealed that the final mono mix was sped up to make McCartney sound younger.[16] The subsequent stereo mix was not sped up, remaining in the original tempo and key. In 2017, for the 50th anniversary edition of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, Giles Martin and Sam Okell remixed the stereo version of the song to match the adjusted speed of the mono version.[17] The six-disc version of the anniversary edition also included the previously unreleased first mono mix of "She's Leaving Home", which contains a brief cello phrase at the end of the first two choruses that was removed from the released mixes of the song.[14]
Critical reception
[edit]In April 1967, McCartney visited Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys in Los Angeles, where McCartney played "She's Leaving Home" on the piano for Wilson and his wife. Wilson recalled: "We both just cried. It was beautiful."[8] As the credited composers of "She's Leaving Home", Lennon and McCartney received the 1967 Ivor Novello award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically.[18]
Composer Ned Rorem once described "She's Leaving Home" as "equal to any song that Schubert ever wrote".[19] In one of the few non-laudatory contemporary reviews of Sgt. Pepper,[20] Richard Goldstein, writing in The New York Times, cited the song as an example of the album's reliance on production over quality songwriting. Goldstein said: "'She's Leaving Home' preserves all the orchestrated grandeur of 'Eleanor Rigby', but its framework is emaciated ... Where 'Eleanor Rigby' compressed tragedy into poignant detail, 'She's Leaving Home' is uninspired narrative, and nothing more."[21] Author Ian MacDonald considered "She's Leaving Home" to be one of the two best songs on the album, along with "A Day in the Life".[22] In his comments on Sgt. Pepper and its legacy, musicologist Allan Moore highlights these contrasting views as two music critics judging the work from "opposing criteria", with Goldstein opining during the dawn of the counterculture of the 1960s, whereas MacDonald, writing in the 1990s, is "intensely aware of [the movement's] failings".[23]
In 2018, the music staff of Time Out London ranked "She's Leaving Home" at number 10 on their list of the best Beatles songs.[24]
Personnel
[edit]According to Ian MacDonald:[22]
The Beatles
- Paul McCartney – double-tracked vocal, backing vocal
- John Lennon – double-tracked vocal, backing vocal
Additional musicians and production
- Mike Leander – string arrangement
- George Martin – conductor, producer
- Erich Gruenberg – violin
- Derek Jacobs – violin
- Trevor Williams – violin
- José Luis García – violin
- John Underwood – viola
- Stephen Shingles – viola
- Dennis Vigay – cello
- Alan Dalziel – cello
- Gordon Pearce – double bass
- Sheila Bromberg – harp
Billy Bragg version
[edit]A version of the song by Billy Bragg with Cara Tivey reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in 1988, as part of a double-A side with "With a Little Help from My Friends" by Wet Wet Wet.[25] Both tracks were taken from the charity fundraising album Sgt. Pepper Knew My Father.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Everett 1999, p. 123. "In the United Kingdom Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band ... was rush-released six days ahead of its official date, June 1."
- ^ Kirell, Andrew (24 December 2015). "The Guide to Streaming the Beatles Now That Their Songs Are Online". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 7 May 2016.
- ^ Lanza, Joesph (10 November 2020). "Shadows Over Sgt. Pepper". Easy-Listening Acid Trip - An Elevator Ride Through '60s Psychedelic Pop. Port Townsend: Feral House. p. 70.
- ^ Goodman, Joan. "Playboy Interview with Paul and Linda McCartney". Beatlesinterview.com.
- ^ a b Runtagh, Jordan (23 May 2017). "Beatles' 'Sgt. Pepper' at 50: Meet the Runaway Who Inspired 'She's Leaving Home'". Rolling Stone.
- ^ a b Coe, Melanie (13 December 2008). "Bet you think this song is about you". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- ^ Turner 2010, pp. 125–127.
- ^ a b "100 Greatest Beatles Songs: No. 82 – 'She's Leaving Home'". Rolling Stone. 19 September 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ^ YouTube 2009.
- ^ The One Show interview, featuring Melanie Coe
- ^ a b Winn 2009, p. 95.
- ^ Martin & Hornsby 1994, pp. 207–208.
- ^ Lewisohn 1988, p. 103.
- ^ a b Howlett, Kevin (2017). Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band Super Deluxe Edition (booklet). The Beatles. London: Apple Records. p. 61.
- ^ Howlett, Kevin (2009). The Beatles in Mono (booklet). The Beatles. London: Apple Records. p. 3.
- ^ Irvin, Jim (March 2007). "The Big Bang!". Mojo. p. 78.
- ^ O'Toole, Kit (11 June 2017). "The Beatles, "She's Leaving Home" from Sgt. Pepper's (1967): Deep Beatles". Something Else Reviews. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ Lister, David (28 May 1994). "Pop ballads bite back in lyrical fashion". The Independent. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
- ^ Time 1967.
- ^ Moore 1997, pp. 57–58.
- ^ Goldstein, Richard (18 June 1967). "The Beatles: Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Heart's Club Band (Capitol)". The New York Times. Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
- ^ a b MacDonald 2005, p. 245.
- ^ Moore 1997, p. 37.
- ^ Time Out London Music (24 May 2018). "The 50 Best Beatles songs". Time Out London. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
- ^ "Official Charts - BILLY BRAGG". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
References
[edit]- Everett, Walter (1999). The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver Through the Anthology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0.
- Hooper, Niamh (25 October 1999). "A review from the Irish Independent". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
- Lewisohn, Mark (1988). The Beatles Recording Sessions. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-57066-1.
- MacDonald, Ian (2005). Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (Second Revised ed.). London: Pimlico (Rand). ISBN 1-84413-828-3.
- Martin, George; Hornsby, Jeremy (1994). All You Need Is Ears. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-11482-6.
- "The Messengers". Time. 22 September 1967. Archived from the original on 7 August 2003.
- Miles, Barry (1997). Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now. New York: Henry Holt & Company. ISBN 0-8050-5249-6.
- Moore, Allan F. (1997). The Beatles: Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-57484-6.
- "Paul McCartney Judges Miming Contest (Ready Steady Go)". 2009. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2009 – via YouTube.
- Turner, Steve (2010). A Hard Day's Write: The Stories Behind Every Beatles Song. New York: Harper Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-06-084409-7.
- Winn, John C. (2009). That Magic Feeling: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, Volume Two, 1966–1970. New York, NY: Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0-307-45239-9.
