Spanish jazz

Jazz in Spain began with an interest in Dixieland or New Orleans jazz.^{[citation needed]} In that time it evolved into other styles, often influenced by visiting Americans. In 1947 Don Byas introduced Tete Montoliu to bebop, and other efforts to combine jazz with flamenco occurred. Catalan and Galician music have influenced some regions.

Jazz in Spain suffered from many difficulties. These included cultural, political, and economic systems that were unsuitable for creativity. Francisco Franco's regime placed restraints on jazz. The return to democracy and the development of the economy allowed jazz to expand.^[1] In turn, some musicians took exile in Spain in the mid-20th century. Singer Donna Hightower took exile from the US in the late 1960s, and returned to the US in 1990.

Spain has many outdoor jazz festivals. The Donostia-San Sebastian Jazz Festival began in 1966. In the middle 1970s, the festival attracted Charles Mingus, Tete Montoliu, Ella Fitzgerald, Oscar Peterson, Dizzy Gillespie, Herbie Hancock, Lionel Hampton, John Lee Hooker, Sonny Rollins, B.B. King, Woody Herman, Freddie Hubbard, Weather Report, Gato Barbieri, Art Blakey, Mercer Ellington, McCoy Tyner, Chick Corea, Clark Terry, and Miles Davis. The festival held in Vitoria-Gasteiz, set up in 1977, also attracts musicians.

Jazz festivals[edit]

Festival de Jazz de Barcelona (Barcelona)^[2]
Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz festival (Vitoria-Gasteiz)^[3]
San Sebastian Jazz Festival (Donostia-San Sebastian)^[4]
Festival de Jazz de Terrassa (Terrassa)^[5]
Festival de Jazz de Valencia (Mar-i-jazz)^[6]

Jazz musicians in Spain[edit]

20th century[edit]

Ramón Evaristo - bandleader, violinist
Pedro Iturralde - saxophonist in jazz and classical
Tete Montoliu - pianist

Late 20th century[edit]

{Established in late 20th century, and continuing later}

Alberto Conde - pianist^[7]^[8]
Chano Domínguez - pianist^[9]
Jorge Pardo - saxophonist and flautist who worked with Chick Corea^[10]
Mario Rossi- samba and jazz^[11]
Jorge Rossy - drummer who worked 10 years with the first trio of Brad Mehldau^[12]
Perico Sambeat - saxophonist, flamenco nominee in Latin Grammy Awards of 2005^[13]^[14]
Ximo Tebar - guitarist^[15]
Ignasi Terraza - pianist^[16]
Tomatito - guitarist and composer blending flamenco and jazz^[17]

First established in 21st century[edit]

Ester Andujar - singer^[18]
Juan d'Anyelica - guitarist in flamenco and jazz.
Paloma Berganza - singer^[19]
Oscar Peñas - guitarist and composer^[20]
Alberto Porro Carmona - jazz conductor, musicologist, composer, and saxophone player

References[edit]

^ "Apoloybaco". Retrieved 18 February 2024.
^ "Festival Jazz Barcelona - Web Oficial - Mejor precio garantizado". www.jazz.barcelona (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2023.
^ "Del 3 al 8 de julio de 2023 |". Festival de Jazz de Vitoria-Gasteiz (in European Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2023.
^ "58 Jazzaldia - Donostiako Jazzaldia". Jazz Aldia. 7 August 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
^ "Jazz Terrassa". Jazz Terrassa. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
^ "Mar i Jazz 2022". Festival de Jazz. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
^ "Alberto Conde Jazz". www.albertoconde.com.
^ "Alberto Conde: las raíces del Jazz || Perfiles || Tomajazz". www.tomajazz.com.
^ "Musician Chano Dominguez". NPR. Archived from the original on 1 March 2019.
^ "Chick Corea's website". Retrieved 18 February 2024.
^ Biography All Music
^ "Jorge Rossy". www.crisscrossjazz.com.
^ "Gerardo Nunez & Perico Sambeat: National Geographic World Music". 17 November 2006. Archived from the original on 17 November 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
^ "Perico Sambeat's website". Retrieved 18 February 2024.
^ Biography All About Jazz
^ Biography Archived 19 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine Apoloybaco
^ Amela, Víctor; Sanchís, Ima; Amiguet, Lluís (15 October 2010). Guerrero, Laura (ed.). "Soy un gitano que paga sus impuestos". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 May 2019.
^ "Biography". Archived from the original on 24 November 2006.
^ "Paloma Berganza - Canción francesa". Archived from the original on 20 September 2007.
^ Biography All About Jazz ^{[dead link]}

External links[edit]

[1] "Apoloybaco". Retrieved 18 February 2024.

[bar-2] "Festival Jazz Barcelona - Web Oficial - Mejor precio garantizado". www.jazz.barcelona (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2023.

[vit-3] "Del 3 al 8 de julio de 2023 |". Festival de Jazz de Vitoria-Gasteiz (in European Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2023.

[aldia-4] "58 Jazzaldia - Donostiako Jazzaldia". Jazz Aldia. 7 August 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2023.

[Terra-5] "Jazz Terrassa". Jazz Terrassa. Retrieved 30 October 2023.

[marijazz-6] "Mar i Jazz 2022". Festival de Jazz. Retrieved 30 October 2023.

[7] "Alberto Conde Jazz". www.albertoconde.com.

[8] "Alberto Conde: las raíces del Jazz || Perfiles || Tomajazz". www.tomajazz.com.

[9] "Musician Chano Dominguez". NPR. Archived from the original on 1 March 2019.

[10] "Chick Corea's website". Retrieved 18 February 2024.

[11] Biography All Music

[12] "Jorge Rossy". www.crisscrossjazz.com.

[13] "Gerardo Nunez & Perico Sambeat: National Geographic World Music". 17 November 2006. Archived from the original on 17 November 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2024.

[14] "Perico Sambeat's website". Retrieved 18 February 2024.

[15] Biography All About Jazz

[16] Biography Archived 19 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine Apoloybaco

[17] Amela, Víctor; Sanchís, Ima; Amiguet, Lluís (15 October 2010). Guerrero, Laura (ed.). "Soy un gitano que paga sus impuestos". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 May 2019.

[18] "Biography". Archived from the original on 24 November 2006.

[19] "Paloma Berganza - Canción francesa". Archived from the original on 20 September 2007.

[20] Biography All About Jazz ^{[dead link]}

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