Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (March–June 2019)

Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
2019 March–June July August September October November December
2020 January February March April May June July August September October November December
2021 January February March April May June July August September–November December

2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
Background
Timeline
2019
2020
Major incidents
Tactics and methods
Fatalities
Reactions to the protests
Reactions to the Hong Kong national security law
2020
2021

The period from March to June 2019 in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests is considered the early stage of the movement. Until the first mass demonstrations in June, protests were focused on the withdrawal of the extradition bill. In June, protesters started to lay out five demands. The additional four demands concerned the reactions of the Hong Kong government and especially, the police to the protests, and called more broadly for full democracy in the city.

The first protest against the bill took place on 15 March. Two subsequent protests on 31 March and 28 April witnessed a sharp increase in the number of attendants, which the organisers claimed as 130,000 for the 28 April protest. As the Hong Kong government around Chief Executive Carrie Lam pushed for a speedy second reading of the bill, the protests dramatically increased in size, with estimates of protester numbers being over one million for the protests on 9 June, and up to two million – more than a quarter of the city's population – for those on 16 June. By that time, protests had started to change their focus to include the alleged excessive use of violence by police against protesters, which had marred the late-night end of the 9 June protest, and which was drawing further international attention during the 12 June siege of the Legislative Council Building by the protesters. On that day, the protesters achieved a partial success when the second reading of the bill was halted indefinitely. The full reversal of the police characterisation of the 12 June violence as "riots" would become one of the five demands.

Protesters also tried to draw international attention to their cause by protesting on occasion of the G20 summit in Osaka at the end of the month. The city would see further increases in protest activity and the violence levels at the annual 1 July march when the Legislative Council building was stormed by protesters, and in the following several months.

Prelude

[edit]

Before 31 March

[edit]

Before the first large-scale demonstration (in terms of numbers) took place on 31 March, Demosistō held a sit-in protest event at the Central Government Complex on 15 March.[1]

31 March demonstration

[edit]

The Civil Human Rights Front (CHRF), a platform for 50 pro-democracy groups, launched its first protest march against the bill on 31 March, from Southorn Playground in Wan Chai to the Central Government Complex in Admiralty. Claudia Mo, pro-democracy camp's convener, and Lam Wing-kee, the owner of Causeway Bay Books who had been kidnapped by Chinese agents in 2015, led the rally. High-profile democracy activists, like Cardinal Joseph Zen, barristers Martin Lee and Margaret Ng, and Apple Daily owner Jimmy Lai, also attended the rally. Organisers claimed 12,000 people took part in the march, while police put the peak figure at 5,200.[2]

28 April march

[edit]
a large procession along the east-bound carriageway of a road through a built-up area; severe traffic congestion in the westbound carriageway
Thousands of protesters marched in Wan Chai against the proposed China extradition law on 28 April 2019.

The second protest march against the extradition bill began at East Point Road, Causeway Bay and headed to the Legislative Council in Admiralty. The march lasted over four hours.[3] While police estimated 22,800 protesters, organisers claimed 130,000 participants. The latter figure was the highest since the estimated 510,000 that organisers claimed joined the annual 1 July protest in 2014.

The next day, Chief Executive Carrie Lam remained adamant that the bill would be enacted and said the Legislative councillors had to pass the new extradition laws before their summer break. Lam said Chan Tong-kai, the suspect in the Murder of Poon Hiu-wing, could be out of prison by October, hence the urgency of passing the extradition bill.[4] Although Chan received a prison sentence on 29 April, Secretary for Security John Lee expected that Chan could be free to leave Hong Kong early for good behaviour.[5]

May

[edit]

On 4 May, a rally was held in a demonstration area outside the Legislative Council. About 300 people attended the rally in support of the democrats. While the democrats received vocal support in the chants, members of the pro-establishment camp were booed.[6]

On the evening of 10 May, rallies in the Legislative Council in opposition to the Fugitive Offenders Ordinance amendment and in solidarity with an overnight stay in the conference room of the Legislative Council pro-democracy members, about 1,000 people attended.[7] On 11 May, a fight broke out in Hong Kong's legislature on Saturday as pro-democracy lawmakers and those loyal to China discussed the extradition law that would extend Beijing's powers over the financial hub.[8]

On the evening of 13 May, the FDC and demonstrators stayed outside the Legislative Council overnight. There were 30 members of the public in solidarity with the democrats. There was a quarrel with security.[9][10][11]

4–5 June Hilltop vertical protest banners

[edit]

Hong Kong is one of a few places that still commemorate those who died in the Tienanmen Square conflict. On this 30th anniversary of the 1989 Tienanmen Square Massacre, someone put a yellow "Dare Not Forget June Fourth" (「毋忘六四」) vertical protest banner over Beacon Hill.[12]

The day after the "Never Forget June Fourth" banner, yet another 15-meter vertical protest banner was erected over Devil's Peak.[13] This banner stated in Chinese "Lam Sold Hong Kong; Resign!" (「林鄭賣港下台！」) in black font over yellow fabric.[14]

6 June lawyers' silent march/Before protest

[edit]
See also: 30th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests § Hong Kong
Thousands of lawyers marched in black against the extradition bill on 6 June 2019.

Legal professionals concerned about the extradition bill also staged a silent march on 6 June. In black attire, lawyers, legal academics and law students marched from the Court of Final Appeal to the Central Government Offices. Dennis Kwok, Legislative Councillor for the Legal constituency, and Martin Lee and Denis Chang, two former Hong Kong Bar Association chairmen, led the march. The group of lawyers stood silently in front of government headquarters for three minutes. Kwok said, "We shall not bow our heads [to the government]".[15] More than 3,000 lawyers, representing around one-quarter of the city's legal professionals, attended the march – the fifth and largest protest march held by lawyers in Hong Kong since 1997.[16]

While the protesting lawyers expressed reservations about openness and fairness of the justice system in China, Secretary Lee had previously said the legal sector did not really understand the bill and some had not read the bill before protesting.[16]

A 50-meter yellow vertical banner was seen on Lion Rock displaying in black font "No Extradition To PR China" and its Chinese equivalent, 「反送中」.[17]

Tensions heightened

[edit]

9 June protest

[edit]

Daytime rally

[edit]
Protest on 9 June
Mass protest on 9 June: organisers estimated 1 million participants; police said 270,000 at its peak.
Protesters marching on 9 June 2019[18]

Before the government tabled the extradition bill's second reading in the Legislative Council on 12 June, the CHRF had called Hong Kong people to march against the bill on 9 June through an approximately 3 km (1.86 mi) route from Victoria Park to the Legislative Council in Admiralty.

Police ordered MTR to bypass Wan Chai, Causeway Bay and Tin Hau stations for several hours.[19] Protesters exited at Fortress Hill to join the protest.[20] Police urged protesters to start off before the official 3 pm start-time to ease overcrowding; police were forced to open up all lanes on Hennessy Road, having previously refused to do so.[21] A significant number of protesters were still leaving Victoria Park up to four hours after the start time, and were still arriving at the end-point at 10 pm.[22]

Reports suggested it could have been the largest ever,[23] and certainly the largest protest Hong Kong has seen since the 1997 handover, surpassing the turnout seen at mass rallies in support of the Tiananmen protests of 1989 and 1 July demonstration of 2003.[24] CHRF convenor Jimmy Sham said that 1.03 million people attended the march, while the police put the crowd at 240,000 at its peak.[24][25][26][18]

Night-time clashes

[edit]

Hundreds of protesters camped in front of the government headquarters well into the night, with more joining them in response to calls from Demosistō and pro-independence activists. Police formed a human chain to prevent protesters from entering Harcourt Road, the main road next to government headquarters, while Special Tactical Squad (STS) was on standby.[27] Although the CHRF had officially called an end to the march at 10 pm, around 100 protesters remained at Civic Square.[28]

Protesters on Harcourt Road at night, with police on standby. 9 June 2019

At 11 pm, the government issued a press statement, saying it "acknowledge[s] and respect[s] that people have different views on a wide range of issues", but insisted the second reading debate on the bill would resume on 12 June.[29] In response, several members of Demosistō staged a sit-in outside the Legislative Council Complex demanding a dialogue with Lam and Lee, while pro-independence groups Student Localism and the Students Independent Union, called for escalating protest actions if the government failed to withdraw the bill.[27]

Around midnight, when a permission of protesters expired, police moved in to clear protesters who had planned to stay outside the Central Government Complex until 12 June.[30] Tensions escalated and clashes broke out between protesters and officers at the Legislative Council Complex.[25] Protesters threw bottles and metal barricades at police and pushed barricades while officers responded with pepper spray. Riot police pushed back against the crowd and secured the area, while police on Harcourt Road also pushed protesters back onto the pavements. Clashes shifted to Lung Wo Road as many protesters gathered and barricaded themselves from the officers. Several hundred protesters were herded by officers towards Lung King Street in Wan Chai around 2 am and then into Gloucester Road.[28] Police hemmed in the last pockets of protesters in the early morning outside the old Wan Chai police station.[28] By the end of the clearance, 19 protesters had been arrested while 358, who had been corralled along the wall of the Old Wan Chai Police Station by a large number of officers, had their profiles recorded; 80 per cent of them were younger than 25.[31]

The next morning, Lam refused to withdraw the bill but acknowledged that the sizeable rally showed there were "clearly still concerns" over the bill.[32] Pressed about whether she would resign, she asserted it was important to have a stable governing team "when our economy is going to undergo some very severe challenges because of external uncertainties."[33]

12 June – strike and siege of LegCo

[edit]
Main article: 12 June 2019 Hong Kong protest
Online groups called on people to "picnic" on the morning of 12 June at Tamar Park.

A general strike had been called for 12 June, the day of the planned resumption of the second reading of the extradition bill. The Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (HKCTU) appealed to workers to join the protest; hundreds of businesses closed for the day and numerous workers went on strike.[34][35] Protesters attempted to stall the second reading of the extradition bill.

Around 8 am, the crowd rushed onto Harcourt Road, blocking traffic.[36] Lung Wo Road and surrounding streets were also blocked by the protesters in a scene reminiscent of 2014 Occupy protests. Around 11 am, the Legislative Council Secretariat announced that the second reading debate on the extradition bill had been postponed indefinitely.[37]

Around 3:20 pm, protesters on Tim Wa Avenue began to charge the police barricades and were doused with pepper spray in reply. Protesters also attempted to charge the Legislative Council building. Riot police dispersed the protesters by firing tear gas, beanbag rounds and rubber bullets.[37] There was a stand-off on Harcourt Road between protesters and the police.[37] As of 6 pm, 22 injured people had been sent to public hospitals. At around 6:20 pm, the Legislative Council Secretariat issued a circular saying Legislative Council President Andrew Leung had called off the meeting.[37] Protesters remained in the streets outside the AIA Tower in Central, Queensway outside Pacific Place shopping mall, and at the junction of Arsenal Street and Hennessy Road in Wan Chai into the night. By the end of the day, at least 79 protesters and police officers had been treated in hospitals;[38] around 150 tear gas canisters, "several" rounds of rubber bullets, and 20 beanbag shots had been fired during the protest clearance.[39]

According to the CHRF, the police had earlier agreed to peaceful demonstration within the area outside CITIC Tower in its letter of no objection. However, teargas was fired by police, to some criticism.[40][41] As people trickled through the jammed central revolving door and a small side door, the police fired another two tear gas canisters into the trapped crowd fuelling panic.[42][43] Amnesty International also criticised the use of tear gas against the trapped crowd.[44]

Commissioner of Police Stephen Lo declared the clashes a "riot" and condemned the protesters' behaviour. Speaking in Cantonese, Lo used the term for "disturbance", but a police spokesman later clarified he meant "riot".[45][46][47] Chief Executive Carrie Lam backed Lo, saying the protesters' "dangerous and life-threatening acts" had devolved into a "blatant, organised riot".[48] The police have been criticised for its excessive use of force, including the misuse of rubber bullets, police batons, tear gas and riot control agents. The Special Tactical Squad deployed also lacked visible identification.[49] Amnesty concluded that the use of force by police against the largely peaceful protest was unnecessary and excessive and that police had "violated international human rights law and standards."[44] It was also criticised for assaulting, insulting and ignoring the safety of journalists,[50][51][52] and conducting arrests inside hospitals and accessing patients' medical documents without consent.[53]

14 June mothers' sit-in

[edit]

Following an interview of Carrie Lam on TVB in the morning of 12 June in which she lamented that as a mother, she would not have tolerated her children's violent protests, a group of women barristers and scholars from Chinese University launched an online petition stating that "the people of Hong Kong are not your children" and admonished her for attacking their children with tear gas, rubber bullets or bag bombs."[54] Some 6,000 people participated in a three-hour sit-in at Chater Garden in Central on the evening of 14 June. The protesters dressed in black and holding carnations, called on Carrie Lam to step down and for the government to retract the bill. They also held up placards condemning police brutality, such as "don't shoot our kids."[55] The organisers also said they had collected more than 44,000 signatures in a petition condemning the views Lam expressed in the interview.[56]

15 June Hilltop vertical protest banner

[edit]

A new phrase on a 30-meter vertical banner was seen on Lion Rock at around 6 am. The fabric was yellow, but this time a few of the words were printed red. The banner demanded "Safeguard Hong Kong" (「保衞香港」) in Chinese, with the word "safeguard" in red, followed by an English phrase "Fight for HK" with the word "fight" in red.[57]

16 June march

[edit]
Protest on 16 June
Mass protest in black on 16 June
Protesters marching in black on 16 June 2019[18]

On 15 June, Chief Executive Carrie Lam announced a pause in the passage of the extradition bill after the Legislative Council meetings had been postponed for four working days in a row.[58] The pro-democracy camp feared it was merely a tactical retreat and demanded a full withdrawal of the bill and said they would go ahead with the 16 June rally as planned. Jimmy Sham, convenor of the CHRF, said the suspension could be a trap.[59][60] They also called for Lam's resignation, apology for "disproportionally violent" police tactics towards peaceful protesters, the release of arrested protesters, and to withdraw the official characterisation of the protest on 12 June as "riot".[61]

The march started ahead of time, at 2:30 pm on 16 June, from Victoria Park, Causeway Bay, to the Legislative Council in Admiralty – an approximately 3-kilometre-long (1.9 mi) route. Slogan-chanting protesters were predominantly dressed in black, some wearing white ribbons on their chests in anger at police brutality during the 12 June crackdown.[62] Many protesters started their march from North Point as the police ordered the MTR not to stop at Tin Hau and Causeway Bay during the march.[63] Nearby train stations were swamped with hundreds of thousands pouring into the protest zone; those from the Kowloon side trying to join the protest had to wait up to an hour at a time to board cross-harbour Star Ferry from Tsim Sha Tsui. The size of the crowd forced police to open all the six lanes of Hennessy Road; the masses then also spilled over onto Lockhart Road and Jaffe Road – all three being parallel streets and major thoroughfares in Wan Chai.[64]

Protesters making way for an ambulance on Queensway at night.

The procession from Causeway Bay to Admiralty lasted from 3 pm to 11 pm. Marchers left bouquets and slogans on the site in front of Pacific Place where a man had committed suicide on 15 June. At night, protesters blocked Harcourt Road, causing traffic to grind to a halt. Protesters, however, allowed trapped vehicles – mainly franchised buses and emergency vehicles – to pass.[63]

Early in the afternoon, Stand News, an independent online news agency, had used big data analysis to predict that there is a 72% chance that 1.44 million would have participated in the protest.[65] The CHRF claimed the final turnout at "almost 2 million plus 1 citizens", which set the record of the largest protest in Hong Kong history.[66][67][68][69][70] The police said that there were 338,000 marchers on the original route at its peak.[71]

At 8:30 pm, the government issued a statement in which Carrie Lam apologised to Hong Kong residents and promised to "sincerely and humbly accept all criticism and to improve and serve the public."[71]

21 and 24 June police HQ sieges

[edit]

A loose association of university-based protest groups, officially known as the Student's Unions of Higher Institutions, reiterated its four main as-yet unaddressed demands after not receiving any official response from the government. Further protests were called on 21 June.

At around 11 am, protesters gathered outside government headquarters and quickly blocked the traffic on Harcourt Road. Some of the protesters also marched to Hong Kong Police Headquarters in Wan Chai as Demosistō activist Joshua Wong, who was released from prison only a few days earlier after serving a sentence for his actions in the 2014 protests, urged the crowd to surround the complex.[72] Dozens of protesters also staged a sit-in at the Revenue Tower and Immigration Tower nearby.[73] Another round of blockade occurred three days later, on 24 June.[74] On 26 June, protesters returned to the Revenue Tower to apologise to civil servants for the earlier disruption.[75]

By the evening of 21 June, a siege had developed at the Police Headquarters as thousands of protesters amassed in Arsenal Street.[73] South China Morning Post reported that protesters had "blocked the police headquarters' exits, threw eggs at the compound, drew graffiti on the walls, covered closed-circuit television cameras with tape, splashed oil on officers and targeted laser beams at police officers' eyes".[76] The police took no action to disperse the protesters. The police sought medical attention for some staff members and had made a total of five ambulance calls by 9:33 pm. After the ambulance's arrival, the medics waited for tens of minutes in front of the gate of the police headquarter for the police to unlock it.[77] The siege ended peacefully at 2:40 am as most of the protesters had left. Staff members and officers trapped inside the building evacuated via a back entrance to board waiting for coaches.[76] The police blamed the protesters for the delayed treatment, though Hong Kong Fire Services Department stated that the protesters did not obstruct any rescue effort by the paramedics.[78]

On 30 August, Joshua Wong and fellow activist Agnes Chow were arrested and appeared at court the same day, for inciting and participating in an unauthorised assembly, referring to the 21 June siege; in addition, Wong was charged with organising that assembly. Activist Ivan Lam, who at that time outside was not in Hong Kong, was also charged for incitement. Chow and Wong were granted bail the same day.[79] On 2 December 2020, Chow, Lam, and Wong received prison sentences of 7, 10, and 13.5 months respectively in relation to their roles in the siege.[80]

26 and 28 June G20 summit rallies

[edit]

Protests occurred outside 19 foreign consulates in Hong Kong. Around 1,500 protesters during the day visited the consulates of countries expected to attend the G20 Osaka summit, handing out petitions to raise awareness of the movement in hopes of putting pressure on China.[81] Meanwhile, there were solidarity protests in Osaka, Japan during the G20 Summit.[82][83] China said it would not tolerate any discussion at the forum because "Hong Kong matters are purely an internal affair to China [in which] no foreign country has a right to interfere."[84]

In the evening, thousands gathered for a rally outside the City Hall, shouting slogans of freedom and democracy. The protests stretched to the International Finance Centre, and spilled over into Lung Wo Road, blocking westbound traffic during the evening rush hour.[85][86] Thousands of protesters then assembled at Edinburgh Place at night, holding signs that read "Democracy now" and "Free Hong Kong."[87] At the same time, around 1,000 protesters surrounded the Wan Chai police headquarters for six hours.[88] A white "Release All Activists" (「釋放義士」) vertical protest banner was hung at the entrance of the Hong Kong Police Headquarter demanding the release of protesters unjustly detained or arrested.[89]

  • Protesters outside The Consulate General of the United States of America in Hong Kong and for Macau.
    Protesters outside The Consulate General of the United States of America in Hong Kong and for Macau.
  • Protesters with messages saying "Please liberate Hong Kong" (with some messages having the words "President Trump" in front), and in the lower lines in Chinese and English: "Defend Hong Kong Constitution". One man is holding the flag of Jerusalem Municipality in the background.
    Protesters with messages saying "Please liberate Hong Kong" (with some messages having the words "President Trump" in front), and in the lower lines in Chinese and English: "Defend Hong Kong Constitution". One man is holding the flag of Jerusalem Municipality in the background.
  • Protesters give letter to Consulate-General of Japan in Hong Kong representative (Yoshi Abe)
    Protesters give letter to Consulate-General of Japan in Hong Kong representative (Yoshi Abe)
  • Protesters to block the roads and surround the police headquarters
    Protesters to block the roads and surround the police headquarters
  • Protesters in Edinburgh Place calling on G20 country leaders to raise concerns at the summit.
    Protesters in Edinburgh Place calling on G20 country leaders to raise concerns at the summit.

28 June Central Harbourfront protest

[edit]

On 28 June, some of the G20 demonstrations also protested against the Hong Kong government's prospective surrender of a strip of land in Central Harbourfront to the People's Liberation Army on 29 June. In light of the protests on 27 June, Au Nok-hin's resolutions and Eddie Chu's proposal to delay the surrendering date were halted as pro-Beijing legislator Christopher Cheung requested an adjournment for debate to shift attention on restoring peace in Hong Kong.[90] Chu and protesters entered the pier at around 11:30 pm. Protesters left the pier at midnight when its jurisdiction was legally turned over to PLA, though a standoff between the protesters and the police continued till 1 am.[91]

Counter-demonstrations

[edit]

On 9 June, Around 20 supporters from the Safeguard Hong Kong Alliance, a pro-Beijing activist group showed up at the government quarters to support the bill a few hours before the anti-extradition bill protest.[92]

On 16 June, around 40 protesters from the pro-Beijing Safeguard Hong Kong Alliance and the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (HKFTU) protested outside the U.S. Consulate General in Central, condemning the US for allegedly interfering in the extradition law. Hundreds of Pro-Beijing supporters gathered in Chater Garden in Central under the banner "Support Hong Kong Police Force, Blessing to Hong Kong" on 22 June; pro-Beijing figures such as legislator Priscilla Leung and pro-police campaigner Leticia Lee fronted the rally.[93]

On 30 June, a more significant demonstration was organised by pro-Beijing legislator Junius Ho Kwan-yiu to show solidarity for the police and support for the extradition bill, taking place in front of the government headquarters in Tamar. Former police chief Tang King-shing and former deputy police commissioner Peter Yam Tat-wing [zh] (brother of actor Simon Yam) took to the podium, as did artists such as Alan Tam and Tony Leung.[94] The organisers claimed that 165,000 people attended, while police cited 53,000. There were multiple confrontations as the pro-police supporters ran into small groups of anti-bill protesters wearing black, getting into arguments and scuffles with them as well with journalists covering the event.[94] The Lennon Wall in Admiralty was destroyed by the pro-police supporters[95] and pan-democratic Legislative Councillor Lam Cheuk-ting was physically assaulted.[96]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 眾志衝入政總靜坐促撤回逃犯條例修訂. news.now.com (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 4 November 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  2. ^ Chan, Holmes (31 March 2019). "In Pictures: 12,000 Hongkongers march in protest against 'evil' China extradition law, organisers say". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  3. ^ Sum, Lok-kei; Ng, Kang-chung (28 April 2019). "Estimated 130,000 protesters join march against proposed extradition law that will allow transfer of fugitives from Hong Kong to mainland China". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  4. ^ "New extradition laws still urgent, says Carrie Lam". RTHK. 29 April 2019. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  5. ^ Chan, Holmes (29 April 2019). "Hong Kong man at centre of extradition legal row jailed for 29 months, may be out as early as October". Hong Kong Free Press. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  6. ^ "300市民立會外聲援 轟做法如狼似虎". Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  7. ^ "【逃犯條例】民陣反修例集會 警深夜驅逐示威區紮營示威者". Ming Pao (in Chinese). 11 May 2019. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  8. ^ "Hong Kong lawmakers scuffle in parliament". The Guardian / Associated Press. 11 May 2019. Archived from the original on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  9. ^ "民陣徹夜留守添馬道 疑建制支持者清晨輪候進立法會". on.cc東網 (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). 14 May 2019. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
  10. ^ "民陣稱通宵留守是聲援民主派 批評立法會秘書處可恥 – RTHK" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). RTHK. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
  11. ^ "民陣晚上立法會外集會及通宵留守 一度與保安口角 – RTHK" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). RTHK. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
  12. ^ "畢架山坡現「毋忘六四」直幡 | 立場報道". Stand News (in Chinese). Hong Kong. Archived from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  13. ^ "【逃犯條例】魔鬼山現「林鄭賣港下台！」直幡 | 立場報道". Stand News (in Chinese). Hong Kong. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  14. ^ CoconutsHongKong (5 June 2019). "Just Give Me a Sign: Huge 'Carrie Lam, Resign' banner spotted in Yau Tong | Coconuts Hong Kong". Coconuts. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  15. ^ "'Record 3,000' lawyers in silent march against extradition bill". South China Morning Post. 6 June 2019. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  16. ^ a b Torode, Greg; Roantree, Anne Marie (6 June 2019). "Hong Kong lawyers protest "polarising" extradition bill in rare march". Reuters. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  17. ^ "獅子山現「反送中」直幡 | 立場報道". Stand News (in Chinese). Hong Kong. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  18. ^ a b c "Hong Kong's Leader Says Extradition Bill to Go Ahead Prompting Calls for Fresh Protests". Time. 10 June 2019. Archived from the original on 20 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  19. ^ 【逃犯條例】港鐵四綫受阻 網傳車長特別廣播灣仔銅鑼灣天后可「飛站」. Hong Kong Economic Times. 9 June 2019. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  20. ^ "MTR struggles with deluge of protesters". RTHK. Archived from the original on 10 June 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  21. ^ Creery, Jennifer (9 June 2019). "Over a million attend Hong Kong demo against controversial extradition law, organisers say". Hong Kong Free Press. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  22. ^ Davidson, Helen (9 June 2019). "Clashes in Hong Kong after vast protest against extradition law". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 11 June 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  23. ^ Fowler, Evan (11 June 2019). "Why the extradition law will pass, despite the largest protest in Hong Kong history". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  24. ^ a b "Over a million attend Hong Kong demo against controversial extradition law, organisers say". Hong Kong Free Press. 9 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  25. ^ a b "Violent clashes mar protest after 'more than a million' Hongkongers of all ages and backgrounds march against controversial extradition bill". South China Morning Post. 10 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  26. ^ Griffiths, James; Cheung, Eric; Lee, Chermaine (8 June 2019). "More than 1 million protest in Hong Kong, organizers say, over Chinese extradition law". CNN. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  27. ^ a b "Protesters clash with police after massive demonstration". Ejinsight. 10 June 2019. Archived from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  28. ^ a b c Su, Xinqi; Lum, Alvin; Siu, Phila; Zhao, Shirley; Lew, Linda (10 June 2019). "Protesters, police fight pitched battles after historic 'million-strong' march against Hong Kong's controversial extradition bill turns violent". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 11 June 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  29. ^ "Government response to procession". The Hong Kong Government. 9 June 2019. Archived from the original on 10 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  30. ^ Davidson, Helen (9 June 2019). "Clashes in Hong Kong after vast protest against extradition law". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  31. ^ Leung, Christy (10 June 2019). "Hong Kong police say nearly 360 protesters, most younger than 25, could face arrest for clashes after extradition protest march". South China Morning Post. ISSN 1021-6731. OCLC 648902513. Archived from the original on 10 June 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  32. ^ Davidson, Helen; Kuo, Lily (10 June 2019). "Hong Kong protests: government vows to push ahead with extradition bill". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  33. ^ Lam, Jeffie (10 June 2019). "Carrie Lam vows to press on with controversial extradition bill despite mass protest but tries to pacify dissenters". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 15 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  34. ^ "Hong Kong faces shut down over extradition bill". Asia Times. 11 June 2019. Archived from the original on 14 October 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  35. ^ Ting, Victor; Cheung, Elizabeth (11 June 2019). "Catholic Church urges restraint as social workers vow to strike and Hong Kong's biggest teachers' union calls for protests against extradition bill". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  36. ^ "Hong Kong Police Force on Twitter". 12 June 2019 – via Twitter.
  37. ^ a b c d "As it happened: Hong Kong police and extradition protesters renew clashes as tear gas flies". South China Morning Post. 12 June 2019. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  38. ^ "79 in hospital after sustaining injuries from Admiralty clashes". ejinsight. 13 June 2019. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  39. ^ Cheng, Kris (13 June 2019). "'Very restrained' – Hong Kong police say 150 rounds of tears gas, 20 bean bag shots fired during anti-extradition law 'riot'". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  40. ^ "Siege of Citic" 【轉載】還原真相: 中信圍困事件. Archived from the original on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019 – via YouTube.
  41. ^ 【引渡惡法】中信圍困真相！警狂轟催淚彈暴力驅散數百人 空拍證險釀人踩人慘劇. Apple Daily (in Chinese). 18 June 2019. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  42. ^ 【逃犯條例】催淚煙困中信大廈 中年男憶千人「生死一刻」. HK01. 15 June 2019. Archived from the original on 19 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  43. ^ Cheng, Kris (19 June 2019). "Video: Hong Kong security chief apologises over extradition debacle, as lawmakers slam police use of force". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  44. ^ a b "How not to police a protest: Unlawful use of force by Hong Kong Police". Amnesty International. 21 June 2019. Archived from the original on 21 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  45. ^ "Hong Kong police declare China extradition protest 'a riot' as rubber bullets and tear gas fired at crowd". CNN. 12 June 2019. Archived from the original on 12 June 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  46. ^ Pomfret, James; Jim, Clare. "Hong Kong police fire rubber bullets as extradition bill protests turn to chaos". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 June 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  47. ^ "Hong Kong extradition: Police fire rubber bullets at protesters". BBC. Archived from the original on 12 June 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  48. ^ "Global backing for protest rights as Trump hopes Hong Kong can 'work it out'". The Guardian. 13 June 2019. Archived from the original on 13 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  49. ^ "Verified: Hong Kong police violence against peaceful protesters". Amnesty International. 21 June 2019. Archived from the original on 25 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  50. ^ "RTHK driver hit by tear gas round". RTHK. 13 June 2019. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  51. ^ "Hong Kong's journalism watchdog says police 'trampled on reporters' rights' during extradition protest clashes". Hong Kong Free Press. 12 June 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  52. ^ Creery, Jennifer. "Anti-extradition protests: Hong Kong press watchdog files police complaint alleging abuse against 26 journalists". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  53. ^ Sum, Lok-kei; Cheung, Elizabeth. "Leaked video exposes how Hong Kong hospitals' patient data can be accessed by anyone". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
  54. ^ 香港妈妈回应林郑"母亲论"：人民不是特首你的孩子. Lianhe Zaobao (in Chinese). Singapore. 13 June 2019. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  55. ^ Tong, Elson; Grundy, Tom (15 June 2019). "Thousands of Hong Kong mothers rally to support extradition law protesters, as Gov't HQ hunger strike enters 85th hour". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  56. ^ Ng, Naomi (14 June 2019). "Protesting mothers call on government to withdraw extradition bill". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  57. ^ "【睇片】獅子山出現「保衞香港」直幡 | 立場報道". Stand News (in Chinese). Hong Kong. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  58. ^ "Hong Kong extradition bill: Carrie Lam backs down and 'suspends' legislation, sets no new time frame". South China Morning Post. 15 June 2019. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  59. ^ Leung, Kanis; Su, Xinqi; Sum, Lok-kei (15 June 2019). "Hong Kong protest organisers vow to press ahead with Sunday march and strike action despite government backing down on extradition bill". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  60. ^ Graham-Harrison, Emma; Yu, Verna (16 June 2019). "'Fighting for our freedom': protesters flood on to Hong Kong's streets". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. OCLC 60623878. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  61. ^ AFP (16 June 2019). "Public anger seethes in Hong Kong ahead of another anti-extradition law rally". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  62. ^ Khan, Natasha; Wang, Joyu; Fan, Wenxin (16 June 2019). "Black-Clad Protesters Pour Back into Hong Kong Streets". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. OCLC 781541372. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  63. ^ a b "Hong Kong protest march grows and crowds take over streets close to government headquarters". South China Morning Post. 16 June 2019. ISSN 1021-6731. OCLC 648902513. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  64. ^ "'Nearly 2 million' people take to streets, forcing public apology from Hong Kong leader Carrie Lam as suspension of controversial extradition bill fails to appease protesters". South China Morning Post. 17 June 2019. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  65. ^ 反送中大數據曝香港或144萬人示威 習保林鄭疑倒計時. Radio France Internationale. 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  66. ^ 民陣宣布近200萬人參與遊行. RTHK. 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  67. ^ "Hong Kong Protest Live Updates: Nearly 2 Million People Took Part in Rally, Organizers Say". The New York Times. 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  68. ^ Regan, Helen; Westcott, Ben; George, Steve; Griffiths, James (16 June 2019). "Hong Kong protest sees thousands call for city's leader to step down". CNN. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  69. ^ "Nearly 2 million march in Hong Kong to protest extradition bill, organizers say". CNN. 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  70. ^ "Almost 2 Million Protesters Hit Hong Kong Streets". Bloomberg. 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  71. ^ a b "Nearly 2 million people march to oppose Hong Kong extradition bill, organisers say". South China Morning Post. 16 June 2019. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  72. ^ "Protest spills over to major thoroughfares". RTHK. 21 June 2019. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  73. ^ a b Creery, Jennifer (21 June 2019). "Hong Kong anti-extradition protesters occupy roads at gov't and police HQ after vowing 'escalation'". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  74. ^ Ting, Victor; Lum, Alvin; Yeo, Rachel (24 June 2019). "Extradition bill protesters blockade Hong Kong government buildings for the second time in four days, preventing civil servants and taxpayers from entering". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  75. ^ Creery, Jennifer (13 July 2019). "Hong Kong anti-extradition law protesters apologise to gov't office workers for Monday's disruption at Revenue Tower". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  76. ^ a b "Hong Kong protests: use of force was 'necessary and lawful' says former police chief Andy Tsang, who was in charge when officers fired at Occupy protesters in 2014". South China Morning Post. 22 June 2019. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  77. ^ 警稱召救護車送走病患同事 籲示威者讓路 救護員到場卻一度遭警拒開正門. Stand News (in Chinese). Hong Kong. 21 June 2019. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  78. ^ 接報後兩小時進入警總 消防：示威者沒阻擋救護. Ming Pao. 23 June 2019. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  79. ^ Cheng, Kris (30 August 2019). "Hong Kong pro-democracy activists charged over siege of police headquarters in June". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
  80. ^ Ho, Kelly (2 December 2020). "Hong Kong activists Joshua Wong, Agnes Chow & Ivan Lam jailed over 2019 'unauthorised assembly'". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
  81. ^ Kao, Shanshan. "Hong Kong protesters petition G20 consulates". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  82. ^ Creery, Jennifer (28 June 2019). "G20: Protests in Osaka over Hong Kong extradition law, as Japan's Abe raises concerns with China's Xi Jinping". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  83. ^ "Protest in Osaka City – Asians Rising Against Communist China". Justice 20 Committee. Archived from the original on 21 July 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  84. ^ Yu, Verna (24 June 2019). "China will not allow G20 to discuss Hong Kong, says foreign minister". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  85. ^ Yu, Verna. "Hong Kong protesters call on foreign leaders to raise crisis at G20". The Guardian. ISSN 1756-3224. OCLC 60623878. Archived from the original on 26 June 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  86. ^ "Hong Kong Protesters Call for Foreign Backing Ahead of G20". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. OCLC 1311479. Archived from the original on 23 September 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  87. ^ Creery, Jennifer (26 June 2019). "'Democracy now, Free Hong Kong': Thousands of protesters urge G20 to back anti-extradition law movement". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  88. ^ "Six-hour siege of HK police headquarters". South China Morning Post. SCMP Publishers. ISSN 1563-9371. OCLC 648902513. Archived from the original on 22 September 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  89. ^ "【警總現場】約5000人包圍警總 掛起「釋放義士」直幡 高呼「釋放盧偉聰」". Radio Free Asia (in Cantonese). Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  90. ^ "PLA's waterfront pier in balance". The Standard. 27 June 2019. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  91. ^ Cheng, Kris (29 June 2019). "In Pictures: Hundreds protest as strip of Hong Kong Harbourfront handed over to Chinese military". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  92. ^ "'Massive backing' for change". The Standard. Archived from the original on 30 September 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  93. ^ "Pro-police groups rally in Central". RTHK. 22 June 2019. Archived from the original on 23 June 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  94. ^ a b Zhao, Shirley; Zhang, Karen (30 June 2019). "Clashes with rivals, assaults on journalists mar Hong Kong pro-police rally". South China Morning Post. SCMP Publishers. ISSN 1563-9371. OCLC 648902513. Archived from the original on 2 July 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
  95. ^ "Video: Thousands join pro-Hong Kong police rally, as anti-extradition law 'Lennon Wall' messages destroyed". Hong Kong Free Press. 30 June 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  96. ^ "Lam Cheuk-ting identifies suspects who attacked him". The Standard. The Standard Newspapers Publishing. 4 July 2019. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_2019–2020_Hong_Kong_protests_(March–June_2019)&oldid=1248467509"