Fossil animals found in the western US
The White River Fauna are fossil animals found in the White River Badlands of South Dakota , Wyoming , Colorado and Nebraska in the United States including Badlands National Park .[1]
The fossils have been found in the White River Formation , Chadron Formation , Brule Formation , and the Arikaree Formation .
Animals from the White River Badlands date from the Eocene , Oligocene , the Miocene , and the Pliocene Epochs .
Genera include:
Genus Species Clade Epoch Image Notes †Bathornis †B. veredus (type) †B. celeripes †B. cursor †B. fricki †B. geographicus †B. grallator †B. fax? †B. minor †Bathornithidae Eocene-Miocene The type genus of the Bathornithidae , large predatory birds related to seriemas .[2] †Paracrax †Bathornithidae Closely related and similar to the conspecific Bathornis ; however, it seems to have occupied more arid environments.[3]
Mammals [ edit ] Artiodactyls [ edit ] Antracotheres [ edit ] Camelids [ edit ] Genus Species Clade Epoch Image Notes †Poebrotherium †P. wilsoni (type) †P. chadronensis †P. eximium †P. franki †P. labratum Camelidae
Entelodonts [ edit ] Leptomerycids [ edit ] Merycoidodontids [ edit ] Protoceratids [ edit ] Ruminants [ edit ] Carnivorans [ edit ] Amphiconid [ edit ] Borophagin [ edit ] Genus Species Clade Epoch Image Notes †Archaeocyon †A. leptodus (type) †A. pavidus †A. falkenbachi †Borophaginae Oligocene
Creodonts [ edit ] Genus Species Clade Epoch Image Notes †Dinictis †Nimravidae Eocene-Miocene †Hoplophoneus H. primaevus (type) H. occidentalis H. strigidens H. cerebralis H. dakotensis H. oharrai H. sicarius †Nimravidae Eocene-Oligocene †Nimravus †Nimravidae
Epoicotheres [ edit ] Lagomorphs [ edit ] Perissodactyls [ edit ] Brototheres [ edit ] Rhinocerotoids [ edit ] Amynodonts [ edit ] Hyracodontids [ edit ] Rhinocerotids [ edit ] Tapirids [ edit ] Rodents [ edit ] Reptiles [ edit ] Genus Species Clade Epoch Image Notes Alligator Crocodilia Eocene †Peltosaurus Anguidae †Stylemys †S. nebrascensis (type) †S. botti †S. calaverensis †S. canetotiana †S. capax †S. conspecta †S. copei †S. emiliae †S. frizaciana †S. karakolensis †S. neglectus †S. oregonensis †S. pygmea †S. uintensis †S. undabuna Testudinidae
See also [ edit ] Further reading [ edit ] Rachel Benton, The White River Badlands: Geology and Paleontology , Indiana University Press 2015 William Berryman Scott , A history of land mammals in the western hemisphere , MacMillan Publishing Company, 1913
References [ edit ] ^ Scott, W. B., & Jepsen, G. L. (1940). The Mammalian Fauna of the White River Oligocene: Part IV. Artiodactyla. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 28(4), 363–746. https://doi.org/10.2307/1005504 ^ Wetmore, A. (1927). "Fossil Birds from the Oligocene of Colorado" (PDF) . Proceedings of the Colorado Museum of Natural History . 7 (2): 1–14. ^ Wetmore, A. (1927). "Fossil Birds from the Oligocene of Colorado" (PDF) . Proceedings of the Colorado Museum of Natural History . 7 (2): 1–14. ^ Emry, Robert J. (1973). "Stratigraphy and Preliminary Biostratigraphy of the Flagstaff Rim Area, Natrona County, Wyoming" . Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology (18): 1–43. doi :10.5479/si.00810266.18.1 . ISSN 0081-0266 .