National symbols of Pakistan

The National symbols of Pakistan (Urdu:پاکستان کی قومی علامتیں); Each Country of the world adopts some signs or emblems, which they regard as the representative of their country traits. Pakistan has several “Official National Symbols”. Pakistanis have several official National symbols including a historic document, a flag, an emblem, an anthem, a memorial tower as well as several national heroes. The symbols were adopted at various stages in the existence of Pakistan and there are various rules and regulations governing their definition or use.

Flag of Pakistan

Oldest symbol

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The oldest symbol is the Lahore Resolution or "Resolution of Pakistan", adopted by the All India Muslim League on the 23rd of March in 1940, and which presented the formal demand for Greater Autonomy for Muslims in United India, and later led to the demand for a separate and Independent 'Pakistan'. The Minar-e-Pakistan memorial tower which was built in 1968 on the site where the Lahore Resolution was passed in 1940.

The national flag was adopted just before independence was achieved on 14 August 1947. The national anthem and the state emblem were each adopted in 1954. There are also several other patriotic symbols including the national animal, bird, flower and tree; and some other things known as "National Identity". The “National symbols” and mostly national things of Pakistan are mentioned and listed here respectively.

National identity

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The following section introduces you to the natural National Identity Elements of Pakistan. These symbols are intrinsic to the common “Pakistani national identity and heritage”.

Pakistanis are known to be are proud of these patriotic National Symbols as they infuse a sense of pride and patriotism in every Pakistani's heart. They have been selected carefully to project the image of Pakistan at its best.

These are chosen to reflect Pakistani culture and beliefs and also the positive attributes often associated with Pakistani customs and traditions and ideals that reflect the different aspects of the cultural life and history of the country respectively.

These national symbols are mostly the national things from and relating to Pakistan of which are mentioned and listed portrayed elegantly in great detail here:[n 1]

Other Pakistani National and Official Symbols

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"(Official name) اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاكِستان Islāmī Jumhūriyah Pākistān
Islamic Republic of Pakistan".

The Name of the Country

The State Religion of Pakistan is Islam, which is practiced by 96.28% of the population. Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the Pakistani constitution, which established a fundamental right of Pakistani citizens, irrespective of their religion, to equal rights.[1][2][3][4][5] The remaining 4% practice Hinduism, Christianity, Ahmadis, Sikhism, Baháʼí Faith and other religions.[5][6]

1. They exemplify the rich cultural fibre that resides at the core of the country.

2. Infuse a deep sense of pride in the hearts of Pakistani citizens.

3. Represent a quality unique to Pakistan and its citizens.

4. Popularize the object chosen.

5. Help to preserve the chosen national symbol for generations to come.

Here is the detailed information about the National symbols of Pakistan.

Symbol Name Image References
National personification قومی شخصیت Pak Watan/Ali Faisal "A term of Endearment for Pakistan,"/"Mumlikat-e-Khudadad" ('God-Given State')

[7][8]
National flag قومی پرچم Flag of Pakistan ("Pārcham-e-Sitāra-o-Hilāl") [9][10]
National emblem قومی مہر State emblem of Pakistan ("Official Coat of Arms") [11]
Great Leader ("Quaid-e-Azam") Baba-e-Quam, Mr. Muhammad Ali Jinnah ("Bani-e-Pakistan") بابائے قوم
Main articles: Pakistan Movement, All-India Muslim League § Leaders of All India Muslim League, and Founding Fathers of Pakistan

[12][13]
Mother of the Nation ("Khatoon-e-Pakistan") Madar-i-Millat, Miss. Fatima Jinnah مادرملت

[14]
National Islamic patron saint قومی بزرگ Peer Baba Hazrat Fariduddin Ganjshakar بابا فرید الدین گنج شکر [15]
National Islamic hero قومی شہید ہیرو ("The First Pakistani") Martyr Muhammad bin Qasim محمد بن قاسم - پاکستان کے مسلمانوں میں ایک ہیرو کا اعزاز حاصل ہے



[16]
National Poet ("Spiritual Father of Pakistan") Sir. Muhammad Iqbal محمد اقبال ("Poet of the East") قومی شاعر

[17]
National anthem Qaumī Tarāna ("Blessed Be The Sacred Pure-Land") قومی ترانہ [18]
National song ("Milli Naghma") قومی نغمہ Is Parcham Ke Saye Talay Hum Aik Hain ("Under This Banner, We are Oneǃ We are All Oneǃ") پاکستان کا قومی مارچنگ پریڈ گانا [19]
National slogan/National Cry "Pakistan Zindabad, Azadi Paendabad" ("Long Live the Pure Land, Victory to Pakistani Freedom") قومی نعرہ [20]
National motto قومی اصول قومی مقصد Unity, Faith, Discipline ایمان، اتحاد، نظم [21]
National language قومی زبان Urdu اُردُو ("Official Language")
See the main article: Languages of Pakistan
 [22]
National days قومی دن Independence Day یوم آزادی

Republic Day (Pakistan) قومی قرارداد دستاویز/یوم پاکستان

Defence Day یوم دفاع

Kashmir Solidarity Day یوم یکجہتی کشمیر





[23]
National Official Map by Mian Mahmood Alam Suhrawardy. National Survey of Pakistan قومی نقشہ [24]
National epic قومی رزمیہ Hamzanama ہمزاناما [25]
National weapon قومی دفاع Islamic talwaar ("Defender of Faith") اسلام کا محافظ [26]
Islamic faith symbol مذہبی علامت Star and crescent چاند ستارہ ("Official") قومی نشان [27]
National book قومی کتاب Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever? اعلامیہ پاکستان ("Unofficial")

[28][29][30][31][32]
National colours قومی رنگنے
See the main article: Colours of Pakistan
پاکستان کے رنگ White خالص سفید رنگ and Dark Green گہرے سبز رنگ   

Lime green (sports) چونا سبز کھیلوں کا رنگ and Gold سونے کا رنگ   

[33]
National calendars قومی تقویم Islamic calendar اسلامی تقویم

Desi calendar پنجابی کلینڈر ("Unofficial")

[34][35][36][n 2]
National passport Pakistani passport قومی شناخت [38]
National airline قومی طیارہ PIA پاکستان انٹرنیشنل ایئر لائنز ("Flag Carrier") پرچم بردار [39]
National currency Pakistani rupees (Rs. PKR) قومی زر فرمان/پاکستانی روپے [40]
National dress-code قومی لباس Shalwar Qameez شلوار قمیض ("Unisex") غیر جنسی Jinnah cap قراقلی ٹوپی ("National headgear")





[41]
National media and film Industry Lollywood/Urdu & Punjabi cinema لالی وُڈ [42]
National flower قومی پھول Common Jasmine/Poet's Jasmine سفید چمیلی ("Queen of Fragrance" or "Floral Queen") خوشبو کی ملکہ [43]
National trees قومی درختوں Himalayan cedar دیودار/لکڑی کا بادشاہ ("King of Timber") قومی درخت

Mango tree آم کا درخت ("National tropical tree of pakistan") پاکستان کا قومی اشنکٹبندیی درخت

[44]
National fruits قومی پھلوں Mango (Summer) آم/قومی پھل - پھلوں کا بادشاہ ("King of fruits")[43]

Guava (Winter) امرود/ثانوی قومی پھل

[45]
National vegetable قومی سبزی Okra بھنڈی ("Official") ("Nutritious Edible Seed Pod") متناسب خوردنی بیج پوڈ [46]
National dishes قومی آمدورفت ("Traditional Pakistani Cuisine") روایتی پاکستانی کھانا Biryani/Nihari نہاری اور بریانی/قومی پکوان

[47]
National spice قومی مصالحہ Saffron Masala/Zafran زعفران مصالحہ

[48]
National herb قومی جڑی بوٹی Coriander/Dhania دھنیا بوٹی مسالا



[48]
National cash crops قومی فصلیں Sugarcane قومی زرعی نقد فصل/Wheat قومی اسٹاک نقد فصل

[49]
National beverages قومی مشروبات Sugarcane juice گنے کا رس ("National Juice") قومی مشروبات Rose syrup ("National Syrup") گلاب کا شربت Pakola ("National Softdrink") پاکولا



[50]
National confectionery پاکستانی مٹھایاں Gulab jamun/Barfi گلاب جامن ("Sweetest, Sweet of Sweets") قومی مٹھائی [51]
National pets قومی پالتو جانور Pakistani cat/Himalayan Persian breed پاکستانی بلی/قومی پالتو جانور

Rose-ringed parakeet گلابی گردن طوطا

[52]
National dove/pigeon قومی کبوتروں Eurasian collared dove قومی کبوتر Pakistan Highflyer پاکستانی کبوتر

[53]
National rabbit قومی خرگوش Pakistani Cashmere Lop قومی پاکستانی کشمری لوپ [54]
National guard dog قومی کتے کا نسل Bhagyari Kutta/Pakistani Shepherd Dog باگیاری کتا/پاکستانی شیفرڈ ڈاگ [55]
National horse breed قومی گھوڑے کا نسل Nukra Stallion/Hirzai پاکستانی گھوڑا/ہیرزئی

[56]
National feral قومی گدھے کا نسل Pakistani donkey پاکستانی گدھا - اسپرکی [57]
National poultry/fowl قومی مرغیاں کا نسل Pakistani cockerel/Desi Murgh پاکستانی دیسی مرغی [57]
National buffalo/cattle قومی بلیوں کا نسل Pakistani buffalo بھینس

Pakistani cattle پاکستانی ساہیوال مویشی

[57]
National sheep/goat قومی بکریاں کا نسل Cashmere goat/Pakistani Beetal Pashmina Bhakra قومی بکرا ("White gold of Pakistan") پاکستان کا سفید سونا Kajli sheep قومی بھیڑ

[58]
National animal قومی جانور Markhor مارخور ("Serpent-Killer") سانپ مارنا ("Insignia of ISI") [59]
National bird قومی پرندہ Chukar pheasant چکور ("Moon Gazer") چاند نظریں [60]
National aquatic marine mammal ("National Treasure") قومی خزانہ Indus river dolphin[43] بھولان قومی آبی میرین پریمال [61]
National social mammal قومی سماجی ستنداری Rhesus macaque رہیسس مکاک [62]
National predator قومی زمین کا شکار Snow leopard[43] برفانی چیتا/ہمالیہ بندیدار برفیلی شیر

[63]
National bird of prey Shaheen falcon شاہین ("Insignia of PAF")[43] شکار کی قومی نسل

[63]
National heritage animal Camel ورثہ جانور [57]
National heritage bird Asiatic peafowl ورثہ پرندہ







[64]
National butterflies قومی تیتلیوں Indian purple emperor قومی تیتلی Common Asian peacock butterfly

[65]
National insects قومی کیڑوں Tamarisk Leaf Beetle قومی کیڑے

Asiatic Honey Bee شہد کی مکھی

[66]
National aquatic bird قومی آبی چڑیا Cotton teal چٹی بطخ ٹیل

National fish قومی مچھلی Himalayan Mahaseer/Golden Mahaseer سنہری مہاسیر [67]
National amphibians قومی ابھابیوں Indus Valley Bullfrog وادی انڈس بیل میڑک Indus Valley toad وادی سنڈو ٹاڈ/قومی امفابی

[68]
National Oceanic creature قومی سمندری مخلوق Black finless porpoise لامتناہی پورپوائز [69]
National reptile قومی خزندہ Indus Crocodile انڈس مگر مچھ [70]
National hog creature قومی خنزیر کا نسل Central Asian boar عام یوریشی جنگلی سؤر [57]
National fossil قومی جیواشم Giant Giraffe Rhinoceros/The Near Beast of Pakistan وشال جراف گینڈے [71]
National river قومی دریا ("Sacred River") مقدس ندی Indus River دریائے سندھ ("National Lifeline of Pakistan") پاکستان کا شہ رگ [source?]
National mountain قومی پہاڑ K2 کے ٹو ("Shaan of Pakistan") شان کا پاکستان

[source?]
National lake قومی جھیل Lake Saiful Muluk جھیل سیف الملوک

[72][73][74]
National mineral پاکستانی معدنیات Himalayan salt ہمالیہ لال نمک ("Pink gold of Pakistan") قومی معدنی/پاکستان کا گلابی سونا [source?]
National gemstone قومی قیمتی پتھر Emerald زمرد ("Pakistani Mineral") پاکستانی رنگین معدنیات [source?]
National sports قومی کھیلوں ("Primary") Field hockey فیلڈ ہاکی ("Official") قومی کھیل [75]
National game ("Secondary") Polo پولو ("Traditional sport") ثانوی قومی کھیل [76]
National dance قومی رقص Kathak ("Traditional dance") کتھک [source?]
National instrument قومی سازوسامان Dafli/Daf ("Persianate") دفلی [source?]
National Icon قومی آئکن Teen Talwar/The Three Swords تین تلواریں کا یادبود/قومی مقصد ("National Motto") [source?]
National fort قومی قلعہ Shahi Qila شاہی قلعہ ("Royal Fort") [77]
National Islamic heritage ("Cultural") Badshahi Masjid ("Imperial or Emperor's Great Mosque") قومی اسلامی ورثہ [78]
National civilisational heritage ("Historical") Mohenjo-daro ("Mound of the Dead Men") قومی تاریخی ورثہ [79]
National mosque قومی مسجد Shah Faisal Masjid فیصل مسجد ("Official") [80][81]
National Garden Rose and Jasmine Garden ("Islamabad") قومی باغ [source?]
National shrine of Pakistan Shrine of Hazrat Baba Farid ("Pakpattan") اسلامی درگاہ [82]
National Church of Pakistan قومی چرچ Sacred Heart Cathedral, Lahore ("Pakistani Christians") [83][84]
National sacred temples of Pakistan ("Pakistanian Sacred Sites") پاکستانی قومی مقدس مقامات Katas Raj Temples Complex ("ہندو مذہب")

Takht-I-Bahi ("بدھسٹ مذہب")

Gurdwara Darbar Sahib ("سکھ مذہب")

Nagarparkar Jain Temples/Sardhara ("جین مذہب")





[85]
National park Fatima Jinnah Park (Public) قومی عوامی پارک [86]
National mausoleum Jinnah Mausoleum قومی مزار [87]
National memorial Mazar-e-Iqbal قومی یادگار
National towers قومی مینار ("Towers of Pakistan") پاکستان کا مینارِ Minar-e-Pakistan ("Resolution of Pakistan") قومی مینارِ

Islamic summit minar اسلامی سمٹ مینار("Monument of Islamic Unity")

[88]
National monuments قومی یادگاریں Pakistan Monument یادبود پاکستان - Bab-e-Pakistan ("Gateway of Pakistan") باب پاكستان

[89][90]
National residency Karachi Flagstaff House Museum سرکاری رہائش گاہ [91]
National stadium قومی اسٹیڈیم Lahore Stadium قذافی اسٹیڈیم
National library Quaid-e-Azam library قومی کتابیں گھر/قومی لائبریری [source?]
National museum Lahore Museum قومی عجائب گھر [source?]
National passageway روایتی راستہ ("Traditional Gateway") Bab-e-Khyber باب ای خائبر ("National Passageway of Pakistan") قومی گزرگاہ/ [source?]
National beating retreat or the flags lowering ceremony (Since 1959) Wagah Border Defence Parade باب آزادی ("Indo-Pak International Border") سرکاری سرحد [source?]
[change | change source]

Notes

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  1. ↑ Please Note; "Some of these patriotic national depicted elements are potentially recognised, and some are unofficial and have Not yet been Adopted or Accepted by the current Government of Pakistan".
  2. ↑ The Punjabi periodicals published in Pakistan print Punjabi calendar figures.[37]

References

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  1. ↑ "2014 World Population Data" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-18. Retrieved 2020-04-25.
  2. ↑ Information on other countries: http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_20072008_EN_Complete.pdf [page needed]
  3. ↑ "Country Profile: Pakistan" (PDF). Library of Congress Country Studies on Pakistan. Library of Congress. February 2005. Retrieved 2010-09-01. Religion: About 97 percent of Pakistanis are Muslim, 77 percent of whom are Sunni and 20 percent Shia; remaining 3 percent of population divided equally among Christian, Hindu, and other religions
  4. ↑ "Population: 174,578,558 (July 2010 est.)". Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook on Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Pakistan, Islam in". Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2013-06-18. Retrieved 2010-08-29. Approximately 97 percent of Pakistanis are Muslims. The majority are Sunnis following the Hanafi school of Islamic law. Between 10–15 percent are Shiis, mostly Twelvers.
  6. ↑ "Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 75%, Shia 20%), other". Pakistan (includes Christian and Hindu) 4%. The World Factbook. CIA. 2010. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
  7. ↑ "Pakistan's Personification -". www.pakculturalsociety.org.uk. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  8. ↑ "The Official Web Gateway to Pakistan". www.pakistan.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 2016-11-28. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
  9. ↑ "Facts about the Pakistan flag". Dawn. August 12, 2011.
  10. ↑ "Pakistan flag". Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2009-03-05. Retrieved 2007-12-11.
  11. ↑ "The State Emblem". Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
  12. ↑ "Basic Facts". Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
  13. ↑ "The Legend". Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 14 September 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
  14. ↑ "Celebration: A tribute to Madar-i-Millat". Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 4 August 2003. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
  15. ↑ "National Saint of Pakistan is ________________________". 4 May 2018.
  16. ↑ "Past in Perspective".
  17. ↑ "Allama Muhammad Iqbal". www.allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  18. ↑ عباس, جعفرى، عقيل (2010). Pakistan Chronicle (in Urdu) (1st ed.). 94/1, 26th St., Ph. 6, D.H.A., Karachi, Pakistan: Wirsa Publishers. p. 42. ISBN 978-969-9454-00-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  19. ↑ "The State Emblem".
  20. ↑ عباس, جعفرى، عقيل (2010). Pakistan Chronicle (in Urdu) (First ed.). 94/1, 26th St., Ph. 6, D.H.A., Karachi, Pakistan: Wirsa Publishers. p. 880. ISBN 978-969-9454-00-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  21. ↑ "The State Emblem". Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  22. ↑ "Chapter 4: "General." of Part XII: "Miscellaneous"". The Constitution of Pakistan. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
  23. ↑ "India Celebrates 63rd Republic Day". Efi-news.com. Eastern Fare. 26 January 2012. Archived from the original on 15 May 2012.
  24. ↑ "Survey of Pakistan". Archived from the original on 2023-08-13. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  25. ↑ "Indian Paintings".
  26. ↑ "Sword of Islam". www.islam101.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  27. ↑ "Pakistan's Flag -". www.enchantedlearning.com. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  28. ↑ Pakistan, the enigma of political development, by Lawrence Ziring, p. 67
  29. ↑ Iqbal, an illustrated biography Khurram Ali Shafique, p.131
  30. ↑ India-Pakistan in war & peace, Jyotindra Nath Dixit p. 10
  31. ↑ The Great Divide: Muslim Separatism and Partition By S.C. Bhatt, p. 70
  32. ↑ A history of Pakistan: past and present Muḥammad ʻAbdulʻaziz, p. 162
  33. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 2018-03-03. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  34. ↑ Islamic Finder, Hijra calendar
  35. ↑ Pakistan Pictorial. Pakistan Publications. 1986.
  36. ↑ Mirza, Shafqat Tanvir (1992). Resistance Themes in Punjabi Literature. Sang-e-Meel Publications. ISBN 978-969-35-0101-8.
  37. ↑ Organiser. Bri Bhushan for Bharat Prakashan (Delhi) Limited. 1994.
  38. ↑ "Directorate General of Immigration & Passports, Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan". Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  39. ↑ "Pakistan's Airline -". www.piac.com.pk. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  40. ↑ "Pakistan's Economy -". www.investopedia.com. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  41. ↑ "Pakistan's Dress -". www.pakculturalsociety.org.uk. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  42. ↑ "Pakistan's Cinema -". www.gulfnews.com. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 National Symbols of Pakistan, Official Gateway to the Government of Pakistan, retrieved 28 July 2016
  44. ↑ "Pakistan National Tree Deodar". pakculturalsociety.org.uk. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  45. ↑ "Pakistani mango: The king of fruits". Arab News. 13 August 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  46. ↑ "What is the Name of National Vegetable of Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. 18 April 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  47. ↑ "Biryani- National Dish". Dost Pakistan. Archived from the original on 25 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 Keay (2005), pp. 19-20.
  49. ↑ "What is the National Crop Pakistan?". MCQSme. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  50. ↑ "Sugarcane juice declared as national drink of Pakistan". Daily Times. 25 January 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  51. ↑ "What is the National Sweet Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. Retrieved 14 April 2020.[permanent dead link]
  52. ↑ "Cats for sale in Pakistan". www.petspakistan.com. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  53. ↑ "Some facts about National Doves of Pakistan?". Steemit. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2021.[permanent dead link]
  54. ↑ "Some facts about National Rabbit of Pakistan?". Steemit. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2021.[permanent dead link]
  55. ↑ "What is the National Dog Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. Retrieved 10 July 2020.[permanent dead link]
  56. ↑ "What is the National Horse Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. Retrieved 30 May 2020.[permanent dead link]
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.4 Quran 7:73-79
  58. ↑ "What is the National Sheep Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. Retrieved 22 July 2021.[permanent dead link]
  59. ↑ "Do you know why the Markhor is Pakistan's national animal?".
  60. ↑ "Some facts about National Bird of Pakistan?". Steemit. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  61. ↑ "What Is National Aquatic Animal Of Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  62. ↑ "AP PHOTOS: Life of a trained monkey in Pakistan". San Diego Union-Tribune. 21 February 2014. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 "National Animals of Every Country – BatchGeo Blog". blog.batchgeo.com. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
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  65. ↑ "What is the National butterfly of Pakistan? – National Symbols of Pakistan". McqsPlanet. 19 November 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  66. ↑ "National Insect of Pakistan". 5 July 2018.[permanent dead link]
  67. ↑ "The Great Mahseer of Pakistan – A Fish of Dreams". 22 April 2011. Archived from the original on 25 April 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  68. ↑ "National Amphibian of Pakistan". 5 July 2018.
  69. ↑ "Porpoise (Oceanic Creatre) | Pakpedia".[permanent dead link]
  70. ↑ "Crocodile (National reptile) | Pakpedia". Archived from the original on 2020-04-10. Retrieved 2020-04-25.
  71. ↑ Palmer, Douglas (1999). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. Marshall Editions. p. 262. ISBN 978-1-84028-152-1.
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  73. ↑ "The News International: Latest News Breaking, Pakistan News". www.thenews.com.pk.[permanent dead link]
  74. ↑ Javed, Asghar (23 June 2002). "Pristine lakes of the north". Dawn. Archived from the original on 13 July 2007. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  75. ↑ "National Symbols". Ministry of Tourism, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
  76. ↑ "National Sport of Pakistan".
  77. ↑ "What is the Name of Fort of Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. 14 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.[permanent dead link]
  78. ↑ "What is the Name of National Heritage of Pakistan?". Pakistan General Knowledge. 14 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.[permanent dead link]
  79. ↑ Aitzaz Ahsan 1997. Indus saga and the making of Pakistan Karachi: Oxford University Press.
  80. ↑ Len McGrane (January–February 1992). "A Mosque in Islamabad". Saudi Aramco World magazine. Aramco Services Company. Archived from the original on 18 February 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
  81. ↑ Neelam Naz (13 September 2005). "Contribution of Turkish architects to the national architecture of Pakistan: Vedat Dalokay" (PDF). Journal of the Faculty of Architecture. 22 (2). Ankara, Turkey: Middle East Technical University: 56–64. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
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  83. ↑ "Sacred Heart Cathedral celebrates its first 100 years".
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  87. ↑ "National Mausoleum of Pakistan". 26 October 2008.
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Other websites

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  1. ↑ "Which of the following is the "Biggest Library" of Pakistan ?". 360MCQS.COM. 2022-03-02. Archived from the original on 2022-10-04. Retrieved 2022-10-04.
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