Псалми 152–155
Псалми з 152 по 155 — додаткові псалми, знайдені на сьогоднішній день у двох сирійських біблійних рукописах та кількох рукописах «Книга дисципліни» Іллі Анбарського.[1] Разом із 151 псалмом їх ще називають П'ятьма апокрифічними псалмами Давида.
«Сказано Давидом, коли він боровся з левом і вовком, які забрали вівцю з його отари».[2] Цей текст зберігся лише сирійською мовою, а мова оригіналу може бути івритом. Тон є нераввинським і, ймовірно, був створений в Ізраїлі в елліністичний період[3] (бл. 323–31 до н. е.).
(1) With a loud voice glorify ye God; in the assembly of many proclaim ye His glory.
(2) Amid the multitude of the upright glorify His praise; and speak of His glory with the righteous.
(3) Join yourselves (literally, your soul) to the good and to the perfect, to glorify the Most High.
(4) Gather yourselves together to make known His strength; and be not slow in showing forth His deliverance [and His strength] and His glory to all babes.
(5) That the honour of the Lord may be known, wisdom hath been given; and to tell of His works it hath been made known to men:
(6) to make known unto babes His strength, and to make them that lack understanding (literally, heart) to comprehend His glory;
(7) who are far from His entrances and distant from His gates:
(8) because the Lord of Jacob is exalted, and His glory is upon all His works.
(9) And a man who glorifies the Most High, in him will He take pleasure; as in one who offers fine meal, and as in one who offers he-goats and calves;
(10) and as in one who makes fat the altar with a multitude of burnt offerings; and as the smell of incense from the hands of the just.
(11) From thy upright gates [The feminine suffix seems to be addressed to the city of Jerusalem.] shall be heard His voice, and from the voice of the upright admonition.
(12) And in their eating shall be satisfying in truth, and in their drinking, when they share together.
(13) Their dwelling is in the law of the Most High, and their speech is to make known His strength.
(14) How far from the wicked is speech of Him, and from all transgressors to know Him!
(15) Lo, the eye of the Lord taketh pity on the good, and unto them that glorify Him will He multiply mercy, and from the time of evil will He deliver their soul.
(16) Blessed be the Lord, who hath delivered the wretched from the hand of the wicked; who raiseth up a horn out of Jacob and a judge of the nations out of Israel;
(17) that He may prolong His dwelling in Zion, and may adorn our age in Jerusalem.«Промовив Давид, коли повертався, дякував Богові, який визволив його від лева й вовка, і він убив їх обох».[2] Цей текст зберігся лише на сирійській мові. Дата та походження схожі на Псалом 152.
Цей псалом зберігся в сирійських біблійних рукописах, а також був знайдений івритом у сувої Мертвого моря 11QPs(a)154 (також відомий як 11Q5 – Великий сувій псалмів), рукопис першого століття нашої ери. Основна тема — прохання «приєднатися до добра і досконалості, щоб прославити Всевишнього». Є також натяк на спільну їжу, типову для ессеїв: «І в їхньому харчуванні буде насичення в правді, і в їхньому питті, коли вони будуть разом».
(1) O Lord, I have cried unto Thee; hearken Thou unto me.
(2) I have lifted up my hands to Thy holy dwelling-place; incline Thine ear unto me.
(3) And grant me my request;3 my prayer withhold not from me.
(4) Build up my soul, and destroy it not; and lay it not bare before the wicked.
(5) Them that recompense evil things turn Thou away from me, O judge of truth.
(6) O Lord, judge me not according to my sins, because no flesh is innocent before Thee.
(7) Make plain to me, O Lord, Thy law, and teach me Thy judgments;
(8) and many shall hear of Thy works, and the nations shall praise Thine honour.
(9) Remember me and forget me not; and lead me not into things that be too hard for me.
(10) The sins of my youth make Thou to pass from me, and my chastisement let them not remember against me.
(11) Cleanse me, O Lord, from the evil leprosy, and let it no more come unto me.
(12) Dry up its roots in (literally, from) me, and let not its leaves sprout within me.
(13) Great art Thou, O Lord; therefore my request shall be fulfilled from before Thee.
(14) To whom shall I complain that he may give unto me? and what can the strength of men add [unto me]?
(15) From before Thee, O Lord, is my confidence; I cried unto the Lord and He heard me, and healed the breaking of my heart.
(16) I slumbered and slept; I dreamed and was helped, and the Lord sustained me.
(17) They sorely pained my heart; I will return thanks because the Lord delivered me.
(18) Now will I rejoice in their shame; I have hoped in Thee, and I shall not be ashamed.
(19) Give Thou honour for ever, even for ever and ever.
(20) Deliver Israel Thine elect, and them of the house of Jacob Thy proved one.(1) O God, O God, come to my aid; help Thou me and save me; deliver Thou my soul from the slayer.
(2) Shall I go down to Sheol by the mouth of the lion? or shall the wolf confound me?
(3) Was it not enough for them that they lay in wait for my father's flock, and rent in pieces a sheep of my father's drove, but they were wishing also to destroy my soul?
(4) Have pity, O Lord, and save Thy holy one from destruction; that he may rehearse Thy glories in all his times, and may praise Thy great name:
(5) when Thou hast delivered him from the hands of the destroying lion and of the ravening wolf, and when Thou hast rescued my captivity from the hands of the wild beasts.
(6) Quickly, O my Lord (Adonai), send from before Thee a deliverer, and draw me out of the gaping pit, which imprisons me in its depths.Цей псалом зберігся сирійською мовою, а також був знайдений у Сувої Мертвого моря 11QPs(a)155 (також званий 11Q5 – Великий сувій псалмів ), єврейському рукописі першого століття нашої ери. Тема цього псалма схожа на псалом 21, і через відсутність особливостей неможливо припустити дату та походження, окрім того, що його походження явно дохристиянське.[5]
(1) Praise the Lord, all ye nations; glorify Him, and bless His name:
(2) Who rescued the soul of His elect from the hands of death, and delivered His holy one from destruction:
(3) and saved me from the nets of Sheol, and my soul from the pit that cannot be fathomed.
(4) Because, ere my deliverance could go forth from before Him, I was well nigh rent in two pieces by two wild beasts.
(5) But He sent His angel, and shut up from me the gaping mouths, and rescued my life from destruction.
(6) My soul shall glorify Him and exalt Him, because of all His kindnesses which He hath done and will do unto me.- ↑ Herbert Edward Ryle, ред. (2014). Psalms of the Pharisees. Cambridge University Press. с. 161. ISBN 9781107623965.
- ↑ а б Title from W. Wright (1887), Some Apocryphal Psalms in Syriac, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical archaeology 9, 257–266
- ↑ James H. Charlesworth (2010). The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. Hendrickson Publishers. с. 615. ISBN 978-1-59856-490-7.
The original language of this psalm, which is extant only in Syriac, may be Hebrew... It is impossible to date this psalm. The general tone, Jewish but non-rabbinic character, and association with Psalms 151, 154 and 155 indicate that it was probably composed by a Palestinian Jew during the hellenistic period.
- ↑ а б в г http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/wright_syriac_apocryphal_psalms.htm
- ↑ A. Chadwick Thornhill (2015). The Chosen People: Election, Paul and Second Temple Judaism. InterVarsity Press. с. 31. ISBN 978-0-8308-9915-9.
Prior to their discovery at Qumran, the additional psalms of David survived primarily through Syriac copies, and scholars referred to them as Syria noncanonical psalms. Of these psalms, Psalms 151A, 151B and 155 are present within the Qumran Psalms Scroll (11QPsa), and are thus clearly pre-Christian in their composition.
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