Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 10th Malaysian Parliament
10th Parliament of Malaysia | |||||||||||
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Overview | |||||||||||
Legislative body | Parliament of Malaysia | ||||||||||
Jurisdiction | Malaysia | ||||||||||
Meeting place | Malaysian Houses of Parliament | ||||||||||
Term | 20 December 1999 – 4 March 2004 | ||||||||||
Election | 1999 general election | ||||||||||
Government | Sixth Mahathir cabinet (until 31 October 2003) First Abdullah cabinet | ||||||||||
Website | www | ||||||||||
Dewan Rakyat | |||||||||||
Members | 193 | ||||||||||
Speaker | Mohamed Zahir Ismail | ||||||||||
Deputy Speaker | Muhammad Abdullah Lim Si Cheng | ||||||||||
Secretary | Mohd Salleh Hassan (until 6 January 2004) Abdullah Abdul Wahab | ||||||||||
Prime Minister | Mahathir Mohamad (until 31 October 2003) Abdullah Ahmad Badawi | ||||||||||
Leader of the Opposition | Fadzil Noor (until 23 July 2002) Abdul Hadi Awang | ||||||||||
Party control | Barisan Nasional | ||||||||||
Sovereign | |||||||||||
Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Tuanku Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah (until 21 November 2001) Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin | ||||||||||
Sessions | |||||||||||
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This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Malaysia |
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This is a list of the members of the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives) of the 10th Parliament of Malaysia, elected in 1999.[1]
Composition
[edit]State | # of Seats | UMNO Seats | MCA Seats | MIC Seats | PAS Seats | Gerakan Seats | PPP Seats | DAP Seats | KeADILan Seats | PRM Seats | AKIM Seats | PBS Seats | LDP Seats | UPKO Seats | SAPP Seats | PBB Seats | PBDS Seats | SNAP Seats | SUPP Seats | PBRS Seats | AKAR Seats | STAR Seats | MDP Seats | BERJASA Seats | IND Seats |
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Perlis | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Kedah | 15 | 5 | 2 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kelantan | 14 | 1 | 10 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Terengganu | 8 | 7 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Penang | 11 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Perak | 23 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Pahang | 11 | 8 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Selangor | 17 | 8 | 6 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Negeri Sembilan | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Malacca | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Johor | 20 | 13 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Federal Territory of Labuan | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sabah | 20 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Sarawak | 28 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Seats won | 193 | 71 | 29 | 7 | 27 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Seats contested |
Seating arrangement
[edit]This is the seating arrangement as of its last meeting on 11 November 2003. In addition, there were a seat that is labelled as VACANT, namely Kangar. The seat vacancy is due to the resignation of the incumbent Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency to assume his new post as Senate president, which occur on 3 July 2003 respectively.
P188 Kapit | P162 Kinabatangan | P053 Larut | P098 Shah Alam | P151 Tanjong Aru | P061 Ipoh Timor | P093 Hulu Langat | P120 Alor Gajah | P060 Tambun | P068 Kampar | P075 Lipis | P176 Sri Aman | P177 Lubok Antu | P187 Selangau | P173 Serian | P189 Hulu Rajang | |
P193 Bukit Mas | P073 Telok Intan | P149 Tuaran | P140 Tebrau | P089 Kuala Selangor | P097 Subang | P131 Parit Sulong | P146 Marudu | P175 Batang Lupar | P011 Pendang | P137 Sungai Benut | P179 Saratok | P074 Tanjong Malim | P184 Lanang | |||
P190 Bintulu | P134 Sri Gading | P192 Baram | P155 Sipitang | P130 Kluang | P017 Padang Serai | P091 Gombak | P148 Kota Belud | P122 Batu Berendam | P014 Merbok | P067 Gopeng | P185 Sibu | |||||
P160 Libaran | P163 Silam | P161 Sandakan | P072 Bagan Datok | P006 Kubang Pasu | P168 Petra Jaya | P153 Papar | P128 Labis | P056 Bukit Gantang | P169 Bandar Kuching | |||||||
P182 Julau | P115 Tampin | P143 Gelang Patah | P157 Keningau | P171 Kota Samarahan | P104 Batu | P062 Ipoh Barat (Parliamentary Secretary) | P015 Sungai Petani (Parliamentary Secretary) | |||||||||
P172 Mambong | P135 Batu Pahat | P002 Kangar (Vacant) | P096 Serdang | Sergeant-at-Arm | P032 Gua Musang | P170 Stampin (Parliamentary Secretary) | P158 Tenom (Parliamentary Secretary) | P069 Tapah (Parliamentary Secretary) | ||||||||
P165 Tawau | P142 Pulai | P150 Gaya | P116 Kuala Pilah | D | C | P119 Telok Kemang (Parliamentary Secretary) | P126 Ledang (Parliamentary Secretary) | P050 Bayan Baru (Parliamentary Secretary) | P003 Arau (Parliamentary Secretary) | |||||||
P152 Penampang | P145 Labuan | P102 Sepang | P174 Batang Sadong | P047 Bukit Bendera (Parliamentary Secretary) | P124 Jasin (Parliamentary Secretary) | P133 Muar (Parliamentary Secretary) | P167 Santubong (Parliamentary Secretary) | |||||||||
P084 Temerloh | P051 Balik Pulau | P118 Rasah | P100 Klang | E | B | P125 Segamat (Deputy Minister) | P042 Tasek Gelugor (Deputy Minister) | P076 Raub (Deputy Minister) | P052 Gerik (Parliamentary Secretary) | |||||||
P071 Lumut | P049 Jelutong | P147 Bandau | P159 Beluran | P057 Taiping (Deputy Minister) | P070 Pasir Salak (Deputy Minister) | P166 Mas Gading (Deputy Minister) | P087 Tanjong Karang (Parliamentary Secretary) | |||||||||
P083 Bentong | P105 Wangsa Maju | P094 Petaling Jaya Utara | P099 Kapar | P191 Miri (Deputy Minister) | P092 Ampang Jaya (Deputy Minister) | P106 Segambut (Deputy Minister) | P004 Langkawi (Parliamentary Secretary) | |||||||||
Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | P107 Titiwangsa (Deputy Minister) | P088 Hulu Selangor (Deputy Minister) | P154 Beaufort (Deputy Minister) | P082 Mentakab (Deputy Minister) | |||||||||
Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | the Mace | P114 Jempol (Deputy Minister) | P112 Bandar Tun Razak (Deputy Minister) | Senator (Deputy Minister) | Senator (Deputy Minister) | ||||||||
P026 Peringat | P027 Tanah Merah | P034 Setiu | P025 Bachok | P186 Mukah (Deputy Minister) | P009 Alor Star (Deputy Minister) | P077 Jerantut (Deputy Minister) | Senator (Deputy Minister) | |||||||||
P021 Kota Bharu | P040 Kemaman | P048 Tanjong | P043 Bagan | Senator (Minister) | P101 Kuala Langat (Deputy Minister) | P055 Bagan Serai (Deputy Minister) | P129 Mersing (Deputy Minister) | |||||||||
Vacant | P046 Nibong Tebal | P108 Bukit Bintang | P111 Cheras | Senator (Minister) | P178 Betong (Deputy Minister) | P086 Sabak Bernam (Deputy Minister) | P095 Petaling Jaya Selatan (Deputy Minister) | |||||||||
Vacant | P063 Batu Gajah | P110 Seputeh | P045 Bukit Mertajam | Senator (Minister) | P164 Semporna (Deputy Minister) | P141 Johor Bahru (Deputy Minister) | P117 Seremban (Deputy Minister) | |||||||||
P033 Besut | P028 Pasir Puteh | P019 Tumpat | P044 Permatang Pauh | F | A | P064 Kuala Kangsar (Minister) | P079 Paya Besar (Minister) | P156 Kinabalu (Minister) | P109 Lembah Pantai (Minister) | |||||||
P038 Hulu Terengganu | P022 Pasir Mas | P013 Sik | P012 Yan | P183 Kanowit (Minister) | Senator (Minister) | P136 Tenggara (Minister) | P090 Selayang (Minister) | |||||||||
P030 Jeli | P035 Kuala Nerus | P024 Kubang Kerian | P054 Parit Buntar | P065 Beruas (Minister) | P132 Bakri (Minister) | P001 Padang Besar (Minister) | P085 Rompin (Minister) | |||||||||
P029 Machang | P016 Baling | P036 Kuala Terengganu | P123 Kota Melaka | P059 Sungai Siput (Minister) | P127 Pagoh (Minister) | P058 Chenderoh (Minister) | P180 Kuala Rajang (Minister) | |||||||||
P005 Jerlun | P007 Padang Terap | P010 Kuala Kedah | P103 Kepong | P144 Pontian (Minister) | P139 Kota Tinggi (Minister) | P121 Selandar (Minister) | P113 Jelebu (Minister) | |||||||||
P031 Kuala Krai | P020 Pengkalan Chepa | Vacant | P039 Dungun | Vacant (Deputy Prime Minister) | P181 Sarikei (Minister) | P018 Kulim–Bandar Baharu (Minister) | P138 Senai (Deputy Speaker) | |||||||||
P066 Parit | P023 Rantau Panjang | P008 Pokok Sena | P037 Marang (Opposition Leader) | Secretary | P041 Kepala Batas (Prime Minister) | P080 Pekan (Minister) | P078 Kuantan (Minister) | P081 Maran (Deputy Speaker) | ||||||||
Speaker | ||||||||||||||||
Yang Di-Pertuan Agong |
Elected members by state
[edit]Shortcut: Perlis | Kedah | Kelantan | Terengganu | Pulau Pinang | Perak | Pahang | Selangor | Kuala Lumpur | Negeri Sembilan | Melaka | Johor | Labuan | Sabah | Sarawak |
Unless noted otherwise, the MPs served the entire term of the parliament (from 20 December 1999 until 4 March 2004).
Perlis
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 3 | |||
P001 | Padang Besar | Azmi Khalid | BN (UMNO) |
P002 | Kangar | Vacant since 3 July 2003 | |
Abdul Hamid Pawanteh until 3 July 2003[2] | BN (UMNO) | ||
P003 | Arau | Mastika Junaidah Husin | BN (UMNO) |
Kedah
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 8 | PAS 7 | |||
P004 | Langkawi | Abu Bakar Taib | BN (UMNO) |
P005 | Jerlun | Abu Bakar Othman | BA (PAS) |
P006 | Kubang Pasu | Mahathir Mohamad | BN (UMNO) |
P007 | Padang Terap | Zawawi Ahmad | BA (PAS) |
P008 | Pokok Sena | Mahfuz Omar | BA (PAS) |
P009 | Alor Star | Chor Chee Heung | BN (MCA) |
P010 | Kuala Kedah | Mohamad Sabu | BA (PAS) |
P011 | Pendang | Othman Abdul from 18 July 2002[N 1] | BN (UMNO) |
Fadzil Noor until 23 June 2002 | BA (PAS) | ||
P012 | Yan | Nasharudin Mat Isa | BA (PAS) |
P013 | Sik | Shahnon Ahmad | BA (PAS) |
P014 | Merbok | Abdul Daim Zainuddin | BN (UMNO) |
P015 | Sungai Petani | Mahadzir Mohd Khir | BN (UMNO) |
P016 | Baling | Taib Azamudden Md Taib | BA (PAS) |
P017 | Padang Serai | Lim Bee Kau | BN (MCA) |
P018 | Kulim-Bandar Baharu | Abdul Kadir Sheikh Fadzir | BN (UMNO) |
Kelantan
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
PAS 10 | KeADILan 3 | BN 1 | |||
P019 | Tumpat | Kamarudin Jaffar | BA (PAS) |
P020 | Pengkalan Chepa | Nik Mohd. Amar Nik Abdullah | BA (PAS) |
P021 | Kota Bharu | Ramli Ibrahim | BA (KeADILan) |
P022 | Pasir Mas | Ismail Noh | BA (PAS) |
P023 | Rantau Panjang | Abdul Fatah Harun | BA (PAS) |
P024 | Kubang Kerian | Husam Musa | BA (PAS) |
P025 | Bachok | Wan Nik Wan Yusoff | BA (PAS) |
P026 | Peringat | Muhamad Mustafa | BA (KeADILan) |
P027 | Tanah Merah | Saupi Daud | BA (KeADILan) |
P028 | Pasir Puteh | Alwi Jusoh | BA (PAS) |
P029 | Machang | Mohd Yusoff Mohd Nor | BA (PAS) |
P030 | Jeli | Mohd Apandi Mohamad | BA (PAS) |
P031 | Kuala Krai | Mohamed Nasir Che Daud | BA (PAS) |
P032 | Gua Musang | Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah | BN (UMNO) |
Terengganu
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
PAS 7 | KeADILan 1 | |||
P033 | Besut | Hassan Mohamed | BA (PAS) |
P034 | Setiu | Che Ghani Che Ambak | BA (PAS) |
P035 | Kuala Nerus | M. Shukrimum Shamsudin | BA (PAS) |
P036 | Kuala Terengganu | Syed Azman Syed Ahmad Nawawi | BA (PAS) |
P037 | Marang | Abdul Hadi Awang | BA (PAS) |
P038 | Hulu Terengganu | Muhyiddin Abdul Rashid | BA (PAS) |
P039 | Dungun | Mustafa Ali | BA (PAS) |
P040 | Kemaman | Abd Rahman Yusof | BA (KeADILan) |
Penang
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 6 | DAP 4 | KeADILan 1 | |||
P041 | Kepala Batas | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi | BN (UMNO) |
P042 | Tasek Gelugor | Mohd Shariff Omar | BN (UMNO) |
P043 | Bagan | Lim Hock Seng | BA (DAP) |
P044 | Permatang Pauh | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail | BA (KeADILan) |
P045 | Bukit Mertajam | Chong Eng | BA (DAP) |
P046 | Nibong Tebal | Goh Kheng Huat | BA (DAP) |
P047 | Bukit Bendera | Chia Kwang Chye | BN (Gerakan) |
P048 | Tanjong | Chow Kon Yeow | BA (DAP) |
P049 | Jelutong | Lee Kah Choon | BN (Gerakan) |
P050 | Bayan Baru | Wong Kam Hoong | BN (MCA) |
P051 | Balik Pulau | Mohd. Zain Omar | BN (UMNO) |
Perak
[edit]Pahang
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 11 | |||
P075 | Lipis | Amihamzah Ahmad | BN (UMNO) |
P076 | Raub | Ng Yen Yen | BN (MCA) |
P077 | Jerantut | Tengku Azlan Sultan Abu Bakar | BN (UMNO) |
P078 | Kuantan | Mohd Khalil Yaakob | BN (UMNO) |
P079 | Paya Besar | Siti Zaharah Sulaiman | BN (UMNO) |
P080 | Pekan | Najib Razak | BN (UMNO) |
P081 | Maran | Muhammad Abdullah (Deputy Speaker) | BN (UMNO) |
P082 | Mentakab | Fu Ah Kiow | BN (MCA) |
P083 | Bentong | Liow Tiong Lai | BN (MCA) |
P084 | Temerloh | Mohd. Sarit Yusoh | BN (UMNO) |
P085 | Rompin | Jamaluddin Jarjis | BN (UMNO) |
Selangor
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 17 | |||
P086 | Sabak Bernam | Zainal Dahlan | BN (UMNO) |
P087 | Tanjong Karang | Noh Omar | BN (UMNO) |
P088 | Hulu Selangor | G. Palanivel | BN (MIC) |
P089 | Kuala Selangor | Jamaluddin Adnan | BN (UMNO) |
P090 | Selayang | Chan Kong Choy | BN (MCA) |
P091 | Gombak | Zaleha Ismail | BN (UMNO) |
P092 | Ampang Jaya | Ong Tee Keat | BN (MCA) |
P093 | Hulu Langat | Badrul Hisham Abdul Aziz | BN (UMNO) |
P094 | Petaling Jaya Utara | Chew Mei Fun | BN (MCA) |
P095 | Petaling Jaya Selatan | Donald Lim Siang Chai | BN (MCA) |
P096 | Serdang | Yap Pian Hon | BN (MCA) |
P097 | Subang | Karnail Singh Nijhar | BN (MIC) |
P098 | Shah Alam | Mohd Zin Mohamed | BN (UMNO) |
P099 | Kapar | P. Komala Devi | BN (MIC) |
P100 | Klang | Tan Yee Kew | BN (MCA) |
P101 | Kuala Langat | Shafie Salleh | BN (UMNO) |
P102 | Sepang | Seripah Noli Syed Hussin | BN (UMNO) |
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 6 | DAP 4 | |||
P103 | Kepong | Tan Seng Giaw | BA (DAP) |
P104 | Batu | Ng Lip Yong | BN (Gerakan) |
P105 | Wangsa Maju | Zulhasnan Rafique | BN (UMNO) |
P106 | Segambut | Tan Kee Kwong | BN (Gerakan) |
P107 | Titiwangsa | Suleiman Mohamed | BN (UMNO) |
P108 | Bukit Bintang | Fong Kui Lun | BA (DAP) |
P109 | Lembah Pantai | Shahrizat Abdul Jalil | BN (UMNO) |
P110 | Seputeh | Teresa Kok Suh Sim | BA (DAP) |
P111 | Cheras | Tan Kok Wai | BA (DAP) |
P112 | Bandar Tun Razak | Tan Chai Ho | BN (MCA) |
Negeri Sembilan
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 7 | |||
P113 | Jelebu | Rais Yatim | BN (UMNO) |
P114 | Jempol | Mohd. Khalid Mohd. Yunus | BN (UMNO) |
P115 | Tampin | Shaziman Abu Mansor | BN (UMNO) |
P116 | Kuala Pilah | Napsiah Omar | BN (UMNO) |
P117 | Seremban | Hon Choon Kim | BN (MCA) |
P118 | Rasah | Goh Siow Huat | BN (MCA) |
P119 | Telok Kemang | S. Sothinathan from 10 June 2000[N 2] | BN (MIC) |
S. A. Anpalagan until 28 April 2000 | BN (MIC) |
Malacca
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 4 | DAP 1 | |||
P120 | Alor Gajah | Abu Seman Yusop | BN (UMNO) |
P121 | Selandar | Fong Chan Onn | BN (MCA) |
P122 | Batu Berendam | Abdul Ghafar Baba | BN (UMNO) |
P123 | Kota Melaka | Kerk Kim Hock | BA (DAP) |
P124 | Jasin | Abu Zahar Ithnin | BN (UMNO) |
Johor
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 20 | |||
P125 | Segamat | Subramaniam Sinniah | BN (MIC) |
P126 | Ledang | Hashim Ismail | BN (UMNO) |
P127 | Pagoh | Muhyiddin Yassin | BN (UMNO) |
P128 | Labis | Ling Liong Sik | BN (MCA) |
P129 | Mersing | Abdul Latiff Ahmad | BN (UMNO) |
P130 | Kluang | Hoo Seong Chang | BN (MCA) |
P131 | Parit Sulong | Ruhanie Ahmad | BN (UMNO) |
P132 | Bakri | Chua Jui Meng | BN (MCA) |
P133 | Muar | Robia Kosai | BN (UMNO) |
P134 | Sri Gading | Mohamad Aziz | BN (UMNO) |
P135 | Batu Pahat | Siam Kasrin | BN (UMNO) |
P136 | Tenggara | Hishammuddin Hussein | BN (UMNO) |
P137 | Sungai Benut | Abdul Hamid Abdul Rahman | BN (UMNO) |
P138 | Senai | Lim Si Cheng (Deputy Speaker) | BN (MCA) |
P139 | Kota Tinggi | Syed Hamid Albar | BN (UMNO) |
P140 | Tebrau | Mohd. Ali Hassan | BN (UMNO) |
P141 | Johor Bahru | Mohamed Khaled Nordin | BN (UMNO) |
P142 | Pulai | Abdul Kadir Annuar | BN (UMNO) |
P143 | Gelang Patah | Chang See Ten | BN (MCA) |
P144 | Pontian | Ong Ka Ting | BN (MCA) |
Federal Territory of Labuan
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 1 | |||
P145 | Labuan | Suhaili Abdul Rahman | BN (UMNO) |
Sabah
[edit]No. | Federal Constituency | Member | Party |
---|---|---|---|
BN 17 | PBS 3 | |||
P146 | Marudu | Amir Kahar Mustapha | BN (UMNO) |
P147 | Bandau | Maximus Johnity Ongkili | PBS |
P148 | Kota Belud | Salleh Said Keruak | BN (UMNO) |
P149 | Tuaran | Wilfred Madius Tangau | BN (UPKO) |
P150 | Gaya | Liew Teck Chan from 12 October 2002[N 3] | BN (SAPP) |
Yong Teck Lee until 3 September 2002 | BN (SAPP) | ||
P151 | Tanjong Aru | Yee Moh Chai | PBS |
P152 | Penampang | Philip Benedict Lasimbang | BN (UPKO) |
P153 | Papar | Osu Sukam | BN (UMNO) |
P154 | Beaufort | Anifah Aman | BN (UMNO) |
P155 | Sipitang | Yusof Yacob | BN (UMNO) |
P156 | Kinabalu | Bernard Giluk Dompok | BN (UPKO) |
P157 | Keningau | Joseph Pairin Kitingan | PBS |
P158 | Tenom | Rizalman Abdullah | BN (UMNO) |
P159 | Beluran | Ronald Kiandee | BN (UMNO) |
P160 | Libaran | Juslie Ajirol | BN (UMNO) |
P161 | Sandakan | Lau Ngan Siew | BN (LDP) |
P162 | Kinabatangan | Bung Moktar Radin | BN (UMNO) |
P163 | Silam | Railey Jeffrey | BN (UMNO) |
P164 | Semporna | Shafie Apdal | BN (UMNO) |
P165 | Tawau | Shim Paw Fatt | BN (SAPP) |
Sarawak
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Othman was elected to Parliament in the Pendang by-election, 2002 following the death of Fadzil Noor.
- ^ Sothinathan was elected to Parliament in the Telok Kemang by-election, 2000 after the death of parliamentary secretary to the Health Ministry, S. A. Anpalagan.
- ^ Yong Teck Lee was originally elected to serve in this constituency. Yong disqualified as Gaya MP and Likas assemblymen since September 2002 due to found guilty of corruption according to the Election Offences Act 1954. Liew was elected to Parliament in the Gaya by-election, 2002.
References
[edit]- ^ "Representatives Archive List of Members PARLIMEN 10". Parliament of Malaysia. Retrieved 2018-08-04.
- ^ Shahanaaz Habib (8 July 2003). "Ex-MB sworn in as new Senate president". The Star Online. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- Andrighetti, V., Sunai, P., Asian Network for Free Elections., & Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development. (2000). Malaysia: Report of the 1999 Election Observation Mission, 25 November-1 December. Bangkok, Thailand: Asian Network for Free Elections.
- Anzagain Sdn. Bhd. (2004). Almanak keputusan pilihan raya umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri, 1959-1999. Shah Alam, Selangor: Anzagain.
- Faisal, S. H. (2012). Domination and Contestation: Muslim Bumiputera Politics in Sarawak. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.