Afri

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Afri" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Āfrī (singular Āfer)^[1] was a Latin name for the inhabitants of Africa, referring in its widest sense to all the lands south of the Mediterranean (Ancient Libya).^[2][3] Latin speakers at first used āfer as an adjective, meaning "of Africa". As a substantive, it denoted a native of Āfrica; i.e., an African.^{[citation needed]}

Etymology[edit]

The etymology of the term remains uncertain. It may derive from a Punic term for an indigenous population of the area surrounding Carthage.^{[citation needed]} (See Terence for discussion.) The name is usually connected with Phoenician ʿafar "dust"^[4] (also found in other Semitic languages), but a 1981 hypothesis asserted that it stems from the Berber ifri (plural ifran) "cave", in reference to cave dwellers.^[5][6] (See Tataouine.) The same word^[6] may be found in the name of the Banu Ifran from Algeria and Tripolitania, a Berber tribe originally from Yafran (also known as Ifrane) in northwestern Libya and also another documents versions mention the Frexes/Frechichs having their original tribal name maybe as "Afer" or "Afri" from central west Tunisia and the Algerian border notably Tebessa, they were also mentionned as the "Ferices" compared equally to the old "Mazices" (tribe descent of Mazigh who gave its name to the Berber people and language Tamazight and Imazighen in plural or even in singular Amazigh, the Frexes would be responsible for Africa's continent name and African people on the other side).^[7][8][9] The classical historian Flavius Josephus asserted that descendants of Abraham's grandson Epher invaded the region and gave it their own name.^{[citation needed]}

Africa[edit]

This ethnonym provided the source of the term Africa. The Romans referred to the region as Africa terra (land of the Afri), based on the stem Afr- with the adjective suffix -ic, giving Africus, Africa, Africum in the nominative singular of the three Latin genders.^{[citation needed]} Following the defeat of Carthage in the Third Punic War, Rome set up the province of Africa Proconsularis. Afer came to be a cognomen for people from this province.^{[citation needed]}

The Germanic tribe of the Vandals conquered the Roman Diocese of Africa in the 5th century; the empire reconquered it as the Praetorian prefecture of Africa in AD 534. The Latin name Africa came into Arabic after the Islamic conquest as Ifriqiya.^[10]

The name survives today as Ifira and Ifri-n-Dellal in Greater Kabylie (Algeria). A Berber tribe was called Banu Ifran in the Middle Ages, and Ifurace was the name of a Tripolitan people in the 6th century.^[11]

Herodotus wrote that the Garamantes, a North African people, used to live in caves. The Greeks called an African people who lived in caves Troglodytae.^{[citation needed]}

See also[edit]

• Zenata

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Africism, bc.edu