Benedictive
The benedictive mood is a grammatical mood found in Sanskrit, although rarely. It expresses a blessing or wish, such as found in the English expressions "long live the king" and "may the force be with you".
For verbs in the active voice (parasmaipada), it is formed by adding endings very similar to the athematic optative endings directly to the verb root itself. Essentially, the sibilant -s is inserted between the optative marker -yā and the personal endings. By the action of the rules of sandhi, the second- and third-person benedictive endings are identical to the corresponding optative endings (-yāst turns into -yāt for the third person, and -yāss into yās for the second person).
Middle voice (ātmanepada) benedictives are not found in Classical Sanskrit.
| Active | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| 1st Person | bhūyāsam | bhūyāsva | bhūyāsma |
| 2nd Person | bhūyās | bhūyāstam | bhūyāsta |
| 3rd Person | bhūyāt | bhūyāstām | bhūyāsus |
Bibliography[edit]
- Devavāṇīpraveśikā: An Introduction to the Sanskrit Language – Robert P. Goldman – ISBN 0-944613-40-3
- A Sanskrit Grammar for Students – A. A. Macdonell – ISBN 81-246-0094-5
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