Castle Kennedy
| Castle Kennedy | |
|---|---|
 Castle Kennedy by Francis Grose (1789) | |
  Castle Kennedy Location within Dumfries and Galloway | |
| OS grid reference | NX113603 |
| Council area | |
| Lieutenancy area | |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Stranraer |
| Postcode district | DG9 |
| Dialling code | 01776 |
| Police | Scotland |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
| UK Parliament | |
| Scottish Parliament | |
Castle Kennedy is a small village 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Stranraer in Dumfries and Galloway, south-west Scotland. It is on the A75 road, and is within the civil parish of Inch. The village is to the south of the Lochinch Castle estate, which includes the ruins of the 17th-century Castle Kennedy, as well as Castle Kennedy Gardens which are open to the public.
Prior to the Reformation the two lochs within the Lochinch estate, Black Loch and White Loch, were together known as Loch Crindil. A small island in the White Loch was the site of a church,[1] which may have given the parish its name: "the Inch", from the Scottish Gaelic: innis, meaning "island".
Castle Kennedy was built in 1607 as a mansion house by the Earl of Cassilis, on the site of an older castle. It was acquired in 1677 by Sir John Dalrymple, later the Earl of Stair, though the house burned down in 1716. The 2nd Earl retained the ruin as a focal point for new formal gardens laid out from 1720 to 1730, following his time as ambassador at Versailles upon which it was based. The earl used troops to landscape the estate, including several focal features such as "The Giant's Grave", "Mount Marlborough" and the "Dancing Green".[2]
In the 1860s the 9th and 10th Earls built Lochinch Castle on the estate, in a "Franco-Scottish style", and partially restored the 18th-century gardens that had fallen into disrepair.[3] The estate remains the property of the Earl of Stair, and Castle Kennedy Gardens are open to the public. Restoration of the gardens continues. Because of the Gulf Stream and the proximity of the sea on two sides, the gardens enjoy a mild climate which permits the cultivation of a range of rhododendrons and other plants not often seen in Scotland.[4]
Castle Kennedy had a station on the Portpatrick and Wigtownshire Joint Railway, which opened in 1861 and closed in 1965. The station building is now a house, and the closest station is at Stranraer. During the Second World War an airfield was constructed to the east of the village: it operated from 1941 to 1945, and the runways remain in place.[5][6] The village has its own primary school, with a roll of 38 pupils.[7]
The former RAF Castle Kennedy is located nearby.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ "Inch Crindil". Canmore. Historic Environment Scotland. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ Scottish Garden Buildings by Tim Buxbaum p.11
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Castle Kennedy (GDL00093)". Retrieved 12 April 2019.
- ^ "History". Castle Kennedy Gardens. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ "Castle Kennedy Airfield". Canmore. Historic Environment Scotland. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ "Emergency lorry park plan for Cairnryan port". BBC News. BBC. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
- ^ "Castle Kennedy Primary School". Dumfries and Galloway Council. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
- ^ "Castle Kennedy (Lochinch) (Stranraer)". Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Castle Kennedy at Wikimedia Commons- Castle Kennedy Gardens website
- Castle Kennedy map - Roy Military Survey of Scotland 1745-55 (National Library of Scotland)
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