Development corporation

Development corporations or development firms are organizations established by governments in several countries for the purpose of urban development. They often are responsible for the development of new suburban areas or the redevelopment of existing ones.

Australia

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In Australia development corporations are often responsible for the economic promotion and growth of areas considered to be under-performing economically. Such corporations include:

Denmark

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India

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Israel

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South Africa

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  • Coega Development Corporation
  • Eastern Cape Development Corporation
  • Free State Development Corporation

United Kingdom

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In the United Kingdom, New Town Development Corporations were organisations established under the New Towns Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. 68) by the UK government, charged with the urban development of an area, outside the usual system of Town and Country Planning in the United Kingdom. Originally intended to manage the development of New Towns in the United Kingdom, they were also established for more substantial urban renewal programmes by the Town Development Act 1952.

Urban development corporations in England and Wales

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Name Area Timeframe Notes
Birmingham Heartlands 1992–1998 [1]
Black Country parts of Sandwell and Walsall, in West Midlands 1987–1998 [2]
Bristol parts of eastern Bristol 1989–1995 [3]
Cardiff Bay Cardiff docklands area, in City of Cardiff and Vale of Glamorgan 1987–2000 [4]
Central Manchester 180 ha of Manchester, near Trafford/Salford border 1988–1996 [5]
Leeds 540 ha of Leeds, along River Aire/Leeds and Liverpool Canal, and south of city centre 1988–1995 [6]
London Docklands London Docklands 1981–1998
London Thames Gateway Lower Lea Valley (parts of Hackney, Tower Hamlets, Newham and Waltham Forest)
London Riverside (southern part of Barking & Dagenham, Havering and Newham)
2004–2013
Merseyside Merseyside 1981–1998
Plymouth 67 ha of Plymouth docklands 1993–1998 [7]
Sheffield Lower Don Valley 1988–1997 [8]
Teesside large tracts of land on River Tees, some in Hartlepool 1987–1998 [9]
Thurrock Thames Gateway Thurrock 2003–2012 [10]
Trafford Park large area in Trafford and Salford along the Manchester Ship Canal 1987–1998 [11]
Tyne and Wear banks of the River Tyne and River Wear 1987–1998 [12]
West Northamptonshire Northamptonshire (parts of Northampton, Daventry and Towcester) 2006–2014

New town development corporations

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Name Area Timeframe Notes
Aycliffe and Peterlee Newton Aycliffe and Peterlee to April 1, 1988 [13]
Basildon Basildon
Bracknell Bracknell
Central Lancashire Central Lancashire
Corby Corby
Crawley Crawley
Cumbernauld Cumbernauld to March 31, 1996
Cwmbran Cwmbran to April 1, 1988 [14]
Ebbsfleet Ebbsfleet Valley 2015 - [15]
East Kilbride East Kilbride
Glenrothes Glenrothes
Harlow Harlow
Hemel Hempstead Hemel Hempstead
Livingston Livingston
Milton Keynes Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire to April 1, 1992 [16]
Peterborough Peterborough to October 1, 1988 [17]
Redditch Redditch 1964–1985
Runcorn Runcorn merged to form Warrington and Runcorn
Skelmersdale Skelmersdale 1964-1984[2]
Stevenage Stevenage 11 Nov 1946 to 1980[3]
Telford Telford, Shropshire to October 1, 1991 [18]
Warrington Warrington merged to form Warrington and Runcorn
Warrington and Runcorn Warrington and Runcorn to October 1, 1989 [19]
Washington Washington to April 1, 1988 [20]

Mayoral development corporations

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The Localism Act 2011 permitted the Mayor of London to create mayoral development corporations in Greater London. The Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016 permitted the creation of mayoral development corporations in combined authority areas.[4]

Name Authority Area Timeframe Notes
London Legacy Development Corporation Mayor of London London Olympic Park 2012 - [21]
Old Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation Mayor of London Old Oak Common 2015 - [22]
South Tees Development Corporation Tees Valley Combined Authority Tees Valley 2017 - [23]
Stockport Town Centre West Development Corporation Greater Manchester Combined Authority Stockport 2019 - [24]
Middlesbrough Development Corporation Tees Valley Combined Authority Middlesbrough 2023 - [25]
Hartlepool Development Corporation Tees Valley Combined Authority Hartlepool 2023-

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Honeysuckle Development Corporation. - People and organisations - Trove". trove.nla.gov.au. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  2. ^ Ward, David (18 January 2006). "Redesign hopes to revive Skelmerdale's fortunes". The Guardian.
  3. ^ The Hidden Stevenage ISBN 0 86332 667 6
  4. ^ "A Beginners Guide to UK Geography (2023)". Open Geography Portal. Office for National Statistics. 24 August 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.