Drumian
| Drumian | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Name formality | Formal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name ratified | 2006[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Former name(s) | Cambrian Stage 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Celestial body | Earth | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regional usage | Global (ICS) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time scale(s) used | ICS Time Scale | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chronological unit | Age | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stratigraphic unit | Stage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First proposed by | Babcock et al., 2006[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time span formality | Formal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary definition | FAD of the Trilobite Ptychagnostus atavus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary GSSP | Drumian section, Wheeler Shale, Utah, U.S.A. 39°30′42″N 112°59′29″W / 39.5117°N 112.9915°W | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower GSSP ratified | 2006[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary definition | FAD of the Trilobite Lejopyge laevigata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary GSSP | Luoyixi section, Luoyixi, Guzhang, Hunan, China 28°43′12″N 109°57′53″E / 28.7200°N 109.9647°E | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper GSSP ratified | 2008[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
39°30′42″N 112°59′29″W / 39.5117°N 112.9915°W The Drumian is a stage of the Miaolingian Series of the Cambrian. It succeeds the Wuliuan and precedes the Guzhangian. The base is defined as the first appearance of the trilobite Ptychagnostus atavus around 504.5 million years ago. The top is defined as the first appearance of another trilobite Lejopyge laevigata around 500.5 million years ago.
GSSP
[edit]The GSSP is defined in the Drumian section (39°30′42″N 112°59′29″W / 39.5117°N 112.9915°W) in the Drum Mountains, Millard County, Utah, United States.[2] The stage was also named after the Drum Mountains. The section is an outcrop of the Wheeler Formation, a succession of calcareous shales. The precise base of the Drumian is a laminated limestone 62 m (203 ft) above the base of the Wheeler Formation.[5]
Major events
[edit]The Cambrian Drumian carbon isotope excursion (DICE) event is associated with the beginning of this age.[6] The cause of this event was the shallowing of anoxic deep waters simultaneously with their transgression. DICE hampered the recovery of reef ecosystems already affected by the early–middle Cambrian mass extinctions.[7] In the middle–late Drumian, there was a radiation interval, before the next extinction event.[8]
Paleontology
[edit]Numerous sponges, palaeoscolecids and euarthropods (including radiodonts) are known from the Drumian deposits.[9][10][11]
References
[edit]- ^ "Chart/Time Scale". stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.
- ^ a b c Babcock, Loren; Robison, Richard; Rees, Margaret; Peng, Shanchi; Saltzman, Matthew (June 2007). "The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Drumian Stage (Cambrian) in the Drum Mountains, Utah, USA" (PDF). Episodes. 30 (2): 85–89. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i2/003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-03-28. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ^ Babcock, Loren; Robinson, Richard; Rees, Margaret; Shanchi, Peng; Saltzman, Matthew. "PROPOSED GLOBAL STANDARD STRATOTYPE-SECTION AND POINT FOR THE DRUMIAN STAGE (CAMBRIAN)" (PDF). International Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-07-09. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ^ Peng, Shanchi; Babcock, Loren; Zuo, Jingxun; Lin, Huanling; Zhu, Xuejian; Yang, Xianfeng; Robison, Richard; Qi, Yuping; Bagnoli, Gabriella; Chen, Yong’an (March 2009). "The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Guzhangian Stage (Cambrian) in the Wuling Mountains, Northwestern Hunan, China". Episodes. 32 (1): 41–55. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2009/v32i1/006. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ^ "GSSP for Drumian Stage". Archived from the original on 2023-11-05. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ^ Anaïs Pagès, Susanne Schmid (2016). "Euxinia linked to the Cambrian Drumian carbon isotope excursion (DICE) in Australia: Geochemical and chemostratigraphic evidence". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 461: 65-76. Bibcode:2016PPP...461...65P. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.08.008.
- ^ Dandan Li, Xu Zhang, Shan-Chi Peng, Yanan Shen, Xiaolin Zhang, Hao Zhu, Lilin Sun (2019). "A paired carbonate–organic δ13C approach to understanding the Cambrian Drumian carbon isotope excursion (DICE)". Precambrian Research. 349: 105503. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2019.105503.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Yiying Deng, Junxuan Fan, Shengchao Yang, Yukun Shi, Zhengbo Lu, Huiqing Xu, Zongyuan Sun, Fangqi Zhao, Zhangshuai Hou (2023). "No Furongian Biodiversity Gap: Evidence from South China". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 618 (1): 111492. Bibcode:2023PPP...61811492D. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111492.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Lucas Del Mouro, Joseph Botting, Jacob Skabelund, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril, Robert R. Gaines, Javier Ortega-Hernández (2022). "Revision of the middle Cambrian (Drumian) sponges from the Marjum Formation of Utah, USA". Conference: 6th International Palaeontological Congress, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Stephen Pates, Samuel Zamora (2023). "Large euarthropod carapaces from a high latitude Cambrian (Drumian) deposit in Spain". Royal Society Open Science. 10 (10): 230935. Bibcode:2023RSOS...1030935P. doi:10.1098/rsos.230935. PMC 10598445. PMID 37885986.
- ^ Stephen Pates, Carlo Kier, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril, Allison C. Daley, Enrico Bonino (2019). "New radiodonts from the Drumian (Miaolingian) Marjum Formation of Utah, USA". Paleobios. 36 (1): 116.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
[edit]- "Drumian Stage GSSP in the Stratotype Ridge section, Drum Mountains, Utah, USA". timescalefoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26.
- "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Archived from the original on 2023-10-08.
- "GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original on 2023-07-21.
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