EMD G22 Series

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EMD G22 Series
RFFSA MACOSA G22U #4392-6L pulling a passenger train in the Ferrovia Curitiba–Paranaguá line.
Type and origin Power type Diesel–electric Builder Various licencees from Electro-Motive Division (see models listed) Model G22 Build date January 1967 - November 1991 Total produced 746
Specifications Configuration: ​  • AAR B-B, A1A-A1A, C-C  • UIC Bo'Bo', (A1A)(A1A), Co'Co' Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Driver dia. 40 in (1,016 mm) Wheelbase 43 ft 6 in (13.26 m) between bolsters; 8 ft (2,438 mm) between axles in each truck Length 46 ft 6 in (14.17 m)) over the coupler pulling faces Width 9 ft 3 in (2.819 m) over the grabirons Height 12 ft 6+15⁄16 in (3.834 m) Loco weight 71 t (69.9 long tons; 78.3 short tons) Fuel capacity 1,700–2,000 US gal (6,435–7,571 L; 1,416–1,665 imp gal) Prime mover EMD 12-645E Engine type V12 diesel engine Aspiration Roots Blower Cylinders 12
Performance figures Maximum speed 62–93 mph (100–150 km/h) Power output 1,500–1,650 hp (1,119–1,230 kW)
Career Nicknames "Pup” "الجرار الكندي:(The Canadian Locomotive)" (Egypt) "Španka (Spanish woman)" (Yugoslavia). Locale Australia, Brazil, Egypt, Guinea, Iran, Israel, New Zealand, Sweden, Taiwan & Yugoslavia

The EMD G22 Locomotive Series made their debut in 1967 after the rise in popularity of the export EMD G12. Designed to meet most First World, Second World and Third World country requirements, the G22 Series was equipped with a naturally aspirated EMD 645 Series engine as well as four axle Flexicoil Type-B trucks which carried a low per-axle weight. Based on customer input, the G22 Series was defined by various designations that suited the customer's railway operations.

The standard suffixes applied after the G22 designation were if the customer purchased locomotives with specific traction motors to fit Narrow Gauge (U) or Broad Gauge (W) rails. As the years progressed, the customers began to have more options available for their locomotives including EMD Dash 2 electronics, alternators instead of generators, A1A-A1A running gear and/or steam generators.

The G22 designation could be freely applied to the designs of any EMD export model or a licensee of EMD as long as the electrical and mechanical gear were left unaltered.

With the introduction of the 645 engine in export models in 1967, the model numbers changed by adding "10". Thus the G12 became the G22. This new model was an upgrade from the 567 series G12 and brought forward various innovations for almost four decades. To this day, the G22 series is the most common diesel found in Brazil, New Zealand and in Egypt.

The G22 Series was one of the first models to be commonly constructed outside of the United States and to have its own separate designation based on traction motors/gauge, generator, etc. Unlike the G12, where its six axle version was the GR12, the six axle version of the G22 Series was designated as G22C. The customer then had options to apply on the locomotive as desired.

Several models were introduced:

• G22W
• G22U
• G22W-AC
• G22W-2

The G22W first appeared in 1967. To differentiate itself from its predecessor, the G22W was identified by a W suffix to indicate that this model was supplied with traction motors adjustable only for Wide gauged rails (Standard gauge up to 5 ft 6 in / 1,676 mm broad gauge).

The G22W model found success among several buyers and were also built in different countries to suit the customers' needs. One notable difference in the car body design came with the order of Swedish G22Ws. Completely redesigned to meet the Scandinavian weather conditions, these units resembled a G22W only by their internal electrical and mechanical equipment. These were designated SJ T44.

Production lasted from 1967 to 1989.

	EMD G22W Orders
Image	Builder	Date of Construction	Country	Railway	Quantity	Class	Road numbers	Notes
	Electro-Motive Division	July 1967	South Korea	Korea National Railroad	22		4201-4222
	Electro-Motive Division	May 1970	Guinea	Chemin de Fer Boké	3		001 – 003	The first EMD locomotives for Chemin de Fer Boké
	Electro-Motive Division	January - March 1977	Egypt	Egyptian National Railways	32		3801 – 3832
	Electro-Motive Division & Đuro Đaković	February 1975, August 1975, January - November 1982	Iran	Islamic Republic of Iran Railways	41	40	40.138 – 40.158, 40.159 – 40.178	40.138 served first as demonstrator; 40.159 – 40.178 were constructed by Đuro Đaković
	Kalmar Verkstad AB	(Month Unknown) 1989	Israel	Rakevet Israel	1	T	T40100
	Nydqvist & Holm AB & Kalmar Verkstad AB	January 1969 - June 1970, September 1970 - June 1971, August 1975 - October 1977, February - December 1980, January 1983 - March 1987	Sweden	Statens Järnvägar	123	SJ T44[1]	259 – 283, 314 – 323, 329 – 416	259 - 283, 314 - 323 Built by NOHAB; 329 - 416 Built by Kalmar

The G22U appeared alongside its wide gauge counterpart in 1969. To separate itself from its predecessor G12 as well as the G22W, the G22U was identified by a U suffix to indicate that this model was supplied with traction motors adjustable to any rail gauge Universally (Metre Gauge up to Irish Gauge).

The G22U model found success among several buyers and were also built in different countries to suit the customers needs. The Yugoslav locomotives were equipped with a steam generator located in the high short hood. Both the Yugoslav Railways and Taiwan Railroad Administration purchased their G22Us with a unique A-1-A running gear configuration. This did not alter the models designation as the centre axles were not powered nor were A-1-A trucks widely produced at the time.

This locomotive found itself to be very successful in the metre gauge lines of Brazil, as most lines did not permit the use of six-axle locomotives around tight curves.

Production spanned from 1969 to 1974.

	EMD G22U Orders
Image	Builder	Date of Construction	Country	Railway	Quantity	Class	Road numbers	Notes
	Material y Construcciones S.A.	January - October 1971, July 1972 - February 1973	Brazil	Rede de Viação Paraná-Santa Catarina (RFFSA)	100		1501 – 1576, 1607 - 1630	Purchased during the Brazilian Miracle era
	Material y Construcciones S.A.	January - May 1972	Brazil	Viação Férrea do Rio Grande do Sul (RFFSA)	30		1577–1606	Purchased during the Brazilian Miracle era
	Electro-Motive Division	September - November 1969	Taiwan	Taiwan Railway Administration	39	R100	R101 – R139	G22A
	Material y Construcciones S.A.	June 1973 - January 1974	Yugoslavia	Jugoslavenske Željeznice	25	Series 644	644.001 – 644.025	JZ series 644 The only Yugoslav locomotives built from MACOSA
	Clyde Engineering	1967	Australia	Western Australian Government Railways	5	AA Class	AA1515-AA1519	EMD G22CU
	Clyde Engineering	1969	Australia	Western Australian Government Railways	6	AB Class	AB1531-AB1536	EMD G22CU
	General Motors Canada, Clyde Engineering & Hutt Workshops	1978-1981	New Zealand	KiwiRail	85	DC Class	DC4006-DC4951	EMD G22AUR

The G22W-AC first appeared in 1980. Compared to the base model G22, the G22W-AC added an AC suffix to indicate the use of an AC alternator generating Alternating Current, improving reliability compared to the previous DC generator. Output from the alternator was then rectified back to Direct Current for the traction motors. The G22W-AC came equipped with 4x EMD D77 traction motors, which were designed for Wide gauged rails (Standard Gauge up to Irish Gauge).

Production spanned from 1980 to 1991.

	EMD G22W-AC Orders
Image	Builder	Date of Construction	Country	Railway	Quantity	Road numbers	Notes
	General Motors Diesel Division	January - March 1980, July - August 1981, December 1981, March - April 1982, August - November 1982	Egypt	Egyptian National Railways	228	3833 – 3999, 33601 – 33661	Mostly used for passenger service on suburban lines, the 336xx series was renumbered to 36xx (3601–3661)
	Astilleros Argentinos Río de La Plata S.A.	March 1991	Iran	Ahwaz Steel	3	Unknown

The G22W-2 first appeared in 1991. Compared to the base model G22, the G22W-2 was identified by a -2 suffix to indicate the use of Dash-2 modular electronics (which included the use of the AC alternator used on the G22W-AC). The traction motors were adjustable for Wide gauged rails (Standard Gauge up to Irish Gauge). The updated electronics improved availability, efficiency and ease of maintenance of the locomotive.

Only two general variations have been noticed during the G22 production, most notably on the constant production of the RFFSA G22Us.

• Phase 1: Larger frame sill, air reservoir slung under skirting.
• Phase 2: Smaller frame sill, air reservoir exposed, and two horizontal bars along intake grilles.

There have been various as-modifications on railroads as well, but are excluded due to various degrees of completion on the modification.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to EMD G22 locomotives.

• Electro-Motive Division Export GM Models
• Astilleros Argentinos Rio de la Plata S.A. GM Export Models
• Material Y Construcciones S.A. GM Export Models
• Nydqvist Och Holm Aktiebolag GM Export Models
• Đuro Đaković GM Export Models
• General Motors Diesel Division Export Models
• Frateschi G22U HO Scale Model
• GM G22U Data Sheet Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
• pt:EMD G22U EMD G22U Article in Portuguese.