Heinrich Graf von Lehndorff-Steinort

Heinrich Ahasverus Graf von Lehndorff-Steinort (22 June 1909 – 4 September 1944) was an East Prussian junker and aristocrat who became a member of the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler.

Born into an old noble House of Lehndorff, Heinrich was born in Hanover, Germany as the eldest child of Count Manfred von Lehndorff-Steinort (1883-1962) and his wife, Countess Harriet Sabine Karoline von Einsiedel (1886-1964).

He studied economics and business administration in Frankfurt am Main.^[1] In 1936 he took over the management of the family estate Steinort in East Prussia. After the Second World War broke out, he was first deployed in Poland, and later, as a reserve lieutenant, posted to General Fedor von Bock's staff, who later became supreme commander of Army Group Centre (Heeresgruppe Mitte). During Operation Barbarossa (the German attack on the Soviet Union), Lehndorff became an eyewitness to a massacre of the Jewish population near Barysaŭ in Belarus by Einsatzgruppen. Thereupon, Henning von Tresckow won him over to the cause of military resistance (Widerstand) against Hitler.

As a first lieutenant in the reserves, Lehndorff was deployed as liaison officer to Defence District I (East Prussia) in Königsberg (today Kaliningrad, Russia). One day after the failed attempt on Hitler's life at the Wolf's Lair on 20 July 1944, Lehndorff was arrested. Along with Kurt Hahn, Gerhard Knaak, Hans Otto Erdmann and Max Ulrich von Drechsel he was sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof under Günther Nebelung on 4 September 1944.^[2] He was hanged the same day at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin. His wife Gottliebe née Gräfin von Kalnein (1913–1993)^[3] and their four daughters (Marie Eleanore [who married Wieland Wagner's son, Wolf Siegfried],^[4] Vera, Gabriele, and Katharina) spent the remainder of the war confined to concentration camps.

His daughter Vera von Lehndorff (1939– ) became a well-known photographic model and actress under the professional name Veruschka.

Regarding personal names: Until 1919, Graf was a title, translated as Count, not a first or middle name. The female form is Gräfin. In Germany, it has formed part of family names since 1919.

• List of members of the 20 July plot

• Plötzensee Prison