Indian locomotive class WCM-2

Indian locomotive class WCM-2
Type and origin
Power typeElectric
DesignerVulcan Foundry, English Electric
BuilderEnglish Electric, Vulcan Foundry
Order number1205/5955/55
ModelEM/2
Build date1956-1957
Total produced12
RebuilderResearch Design and Standards Organisation
Rebuild date1960-1961
Number rebuilt12
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARC-C
 • UICCo′Co′
 • CommonwealthCo-Co
Gauge5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm)
Bogies3 Axle fabricated frame, Swing bolster with Equalizer beams
Wheel diameterNew: 1,092 mm (3 ft 7 in),
Half worn: 1,055 mm (3 ft 5+1⁄2 in) and
Full worn: 1,116 mm (3 ft 8 in)
Wheelbase2,248 mm (7 ft 5 in)
Length:
​
 • Over couplers20.066 m (65 ft 10 in)
 • Over body18.745 m (61 ft 6 in)
Width3.245 m (10 ft 7+3⁄4 in)
Height4.293 m (14 ft 1 in)
Frame type3 Axle fabricated frame
Axle load18.80 tonnes (18.50 long tons; 20.72 short tons)
Loco weight112.80 tonnes (111.02 long tons; 124.34 short tons)
Sandbox cap.24 sandboxes each with 63.5 kg capacity
Power supply110 V DC
Electric system/sBefore conversion: 3.0 kV DC Overhead
After conversion: 1.5 kV DC Overhead
Current pickup(s)pantograph
Traction motorsE.E.531A ​
 • Rating 1 hour286A
 • Continuous260A
Gear ratio16:62
MU workingNot possible
Loco brakeAir/Hand
Train brakesVacuum
Compressor7.03 kg/cm2
Safety systemsOver voltage relay, No volt relay, Low pressure governor, Vacuum governor Train parting alarms, and Brake cylinder cutoff valve
Performance figures
Maximum speed120.5 km/h (75 mph)
Power output:
​
 • StartingMax: 3,120 hp (2,330 kW)
 • 1 hourMax: 3,090 hp (2,300 kW)
 • ContinuousMax: 2,810 hp (2,100 kW)
Tractive effort:
​
 • Starting31,298 kgf (310 kN)
 • 1 hour14,000 kgf (140 kN)
 • Continuous12,300 kgf (120 kN)
Factor of adh.25
Career
OperatorsIndian Railways
ClassEM/2
Numbers20175-186
NicknamesBlueBird[citation needed]
LocaleEastern Railways (until 1961)
Central Railways (from 1961)
Delivered1956-1957
First run1957 (ER)
1961 (CR)
Last runJanuary 2000
RetiredMarch 2000
WithdrawnApril 2001
Preservednone
ScrappedFeb 28, 2005[citation needed]
DispositionAll scrapped.

The Indian locomotive class WCM-2 was a class of 3 kV DC, later 1.5 kV DC electric locomotives that was developed in 1956 by Vulcan Foundry and English Electric for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), Direct Current (C), Mixed traffic (M) engine, 2nd generation (2). They entered service in 1957. A total of 12 WCM-2 locomotives were built in England between 1956 and 1957.

The WCM-2 served both passenger and freight trains for over 40 years. With the introduction of more modern types of locomotives and 25 KV AC electrification, all were withdrawn in the early 2000s after repeated failures, and have since been scrapped.

History

[edit]

The WCM-2 were designed in the mid 1950s with the intent for the Indian Railways (IR) to remove steam locomotives working on the Eastern Railway (ER) after recommendation of Karnail Singh Fuel Committee.[1][2] In the late 1950s the Kolkata Suburban Railway was established and electrified with overhead 3000 V DC supply.[3] Therefore, Indian Railways began to look at various designs.

Indian Railways initially invited tenders to build locomotives to the new specification, receiving the following responses:

  • Vulcan Foundry and English Electric submitted their model with 3120 hp with top speed of 105 km/h.
  • Hitachi submitted their model with 3600 hp with top speed of 105 km/h. They also had Co-Co bogies

Each company submitted their prototypes and Indian Railways designated these prototypes as the WCM-2 class and WCM-3 class respectively.[4]

Indian Railways decided to procure seven 3000 V DC electric locomotives from English Electric and Vulcan Foundry, the latter previously supplied steam locomotives to India. They were manufactured in England and shipped to India in 1956-1957. These locomotives were the second mixed-traffic class of electric locomotives to roam in India and also had the now-common Co-Co wheel arrangement.[5] Initially the WCM-2 class were known as EM/2 class. They were easily recognizable with their huge size and round smooth noses. They had their cab doors placed near the cab unlike the WCM-1 class.

The WCM-2 were first used on trains in the Kolkata suburban section, painted in a black livery with a red lining in the middle.[6] However, this was short-lived, as by 1960 the Kolkata Suburban Railway was converted to 25 kV AC voltage, rendering both the WCM-2 and WCM-3 locomotives surplus to requirements. The Research Design and Standards Organisation (RDSO) decided to put the relatively new WCM-2s and WCM-3s into second use, by converting them to run on the 1500 V DC power supply used in the Central Railway zone (CR) without loss of power.[citation needed]

After their transferal to Central Railways in 1961, the WCM-2 locomotives were put to work on many express trains, such as the Deccan Queen and the Indrayani Express, but rarely used on freight service. In the mid 1990s, the ageing WCM-2s began to fail regularly, causing disruptions to train services. Central Railways decided to withdraw these locomotives from service and by 2000, all units were withdrawn.[citation needed]

Former sheds

[edit]

All the locomotives of this class has been withdrawn from service.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Report of the expert Committee on Coal Consumption on Railways, 1958". INDIAN CULTURE. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  2. ^ Gudgin, D.S.E. (1976). Vulcan Foundry Locomotives 1832–1956. Truro: Bradford Barton. ISBN 978-0-85153-215-8.
  3. ^ History of EMU on Eastern Railway and South Eastern Railway, South Eastern Railway, 27 November 2018
  4. ^ "[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Locomotives - General Information - I". www.irfca.org. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  5. ^ "Refer pg 260" (PDF).
  6. ^ Express train in India with commuters in the doorways, 1960's. Archive film 61232, retrieved 21 May 2020
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Indian locomotive class WCM2.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_locomotive_class_WCM-2&oldid=1236853451"