Marishes

Marishes
Civil parish
A small brick buot church with a sharp steeple on the right hand side
Anglican church in Low Marishes
Marishes is located in North Yorkshire
Marishes
Marishes
Location within North Yorkshire
Population140 (2015) NYCC[1]
OS grid referenceSE815774
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townMALTON
Postcode districtYO17
Dialling code01653
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire
54°11′24″N 0°45′11″W / 54.190°N 0.753°W / 54.190; -0.753

Marishes is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. The parish has an area of some 2,960 acres (1,199 hectares), and is located between Malton and Pickering in the low-lying Vale of Pickering. Whilst the main occupation of the residents in the parish is agricultural in nature, the area is known for its onshore gas field. In 2015, the population of the parish was estimated to be 140.

History

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Marishes parish occupies a swathe of low-lying land, bordered on three sides by watercourses; the River Derwent to the east, the Costa Beck to the west and the River Rye to the south.[2] The parish has two hamlets, High Marishes, and Low Marishes, which are 68 feet (20.6 m) and 67 feet (20.4 m) above sea level respectively.[3][4] The name derives from the Old Norse Mersc, meaning The Marshes. The land was mostly marsh until it was drained.[5][note 1] The area was mentioned in the Domesday Book as Loft Marishes, but no recorded population.[7] At the Dissolution, Loft Marishes/Loftmarish belonged to Rievaulx Abbey (along with Deerholme, a named place in the modern parish). It was last mentioned in 1649.[8]

The size of the parish has changed over time; in 1872 it was 2,289 acres (926 ha),[9] and by 1890, it was 2,858 acres (1,157 ha).[10] At the 1901 census it covered 2,335 acres (945 ha),[11] and at the 2011 census it was 2,960 acres (1,199 ha).[12] A Wesleyan chapel was erected in 1848, and an Anglican church in 1863.[13] The church, which is in the hamlet of Low Marishes, is still a place of worship (as a chapel-of-ease) in the Benefice of Pickering with Lockton and Levisham.[14] The structure is a grade II listed building and is noted for its unusual spire, being prominent in the flat landscape.[15][16] In 2004, an application was made to allow for automatic licensing for weddings, and it was found that the church had been running for 140 years without a licence for public worship. It was at this time that the dedication to St Francis was approved.[17]

In 1893, the parish was described as a "township and chapelry in the Whitby Division of the [North] Riding." The school, which had been built in 1830, had an enrolment of 23 pupils, but could accommodate 45.[18] An ecclesiastical parish profile in 2020, found that most of the current residents are employed in agriculture, and are scattered across the parish, with almost 20 houses in High Marishes, and 16 dwellings in Low Marishes.[19]

The parish is bisected by the A169 Road, which connects Malton in the south, with Pickering in the north.[20] The parish used to have a railway station on the Malton to Pickering line, but this closed in March 1965.[21] The station was known as Marishes Road, and was located on the road between the A169 and Thornton-le-Dale, outside of both Marishes hamlets. Public transport is now provided on the A169 with the Coastliner buses (number 840) between Leeds, York and Pickering.[22]

Gas field

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Marishes parish sits atop a gas field, which produces hydrocarbons for a gas-fired power station at East Knapton. Drilling in the area was first undertaken in 1937, and gas fields under the parish were first discovered in 1988. Production from Marishes started in 1998.[23] The gas is from a field known as the Kirkham Abbey Formation, which is known to be heavy with hydrogen sulphide (sour gas).[24]

Governance

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Historically in the wapentake of Pickering Lythe, and in the ecclesiastical parish of Pickering, the parish is roughly 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Pickering and some 5 miles (8 km) north of Malton.[25] The parish was part of the Ryedale district between 1974 and 2023. It is now administered by North Yorkshire Council.

The parish forms part of the Thirsk and Malton constituency for elections to the UK parliament.[26]

In the 2001 census, the population of the parish was 123,[27] which had risen to 132 at the 2011 census.[12] In 2015, North Yorkshire County Council estimated the population of the parish to be 140.[1]

Population of Marishes 1801–2015
1801 1811 1821 1831 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1951 1961 1971 2001 2011 2015
200[11] 193[11] 210[11] 207[11] 243[11] 294[11] 287[11] 304[11] 270[11] 199[11] 204[11] 244[28] 271[28] 246[28] 193[28] 165[28] 120[29] 123[27] 132[12] 140[1]

Notes

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  1. ^ Various parts of the parish had names prefixed with personal names, but all ending in a variant of Mersc; Aschilesmares, Aschelesmere, Chiluesmares, Chiluesmarsc, Kilverdesmersh, Culverthesmersch, Maxudesmares, and Maxudesmersc.[6]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "2015 Population Estimates Parishes" (PDF). northyorks.gov.uk. December 2016. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  2. ^ "300" (Map). Howardian Hills & Malton. 1:25,000. Explorer. Ordnance Survey. 2015. ISBN 978-0-319-24552-1.
  3. ^ "High Marishes". getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  4. ^ "Low Marishes". getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  5. ^ Ekwall, Eilert (1960). The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names (4 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 0-19-869103-3.
  6. ^ Smith, A. H. (1979) [1928]. The Place Names of the North Riding of Yorkshire. English Place Name Society. p. 84. OCLC 19714705.
  7. ^ "Loft Marishes | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  8. ^ Page 1968, p. 470.
  9. ^ "Marishes North Riding". visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  10. ^ Bulmer 1890, p. 1,007.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Page, William, ed. (1907). The Victoria history of the county of York. vol 3. London: Constable & Co. p. 519. OCLC 500092527.
  12. ^ a b c UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Marishes Parish (E04007605)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  13. ^ Page 1968, p. 463.
  14. ^ "St Francis". www.achurchnearyou.com. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  15. ^ Historic England. "Low Marishes Church (Grade II) (1268468)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  16. ^ "St Peter's and St Paul's Church Pickering". pickeringchurch.com. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  17. ^ "Church to correct error 140 years late". infoweb.newsbank.com. 18 October 2004. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  18. ^ Kelly's Directory of N & E Ridings of Yorkshire, 1893. [Part 1: Places]. London: Kellys Directories. 1893. p. 150. OCLC 970376017.
  19. ^ "The Benefice of Pickering with Levisham, Lockton and Marishes" (PDF). dioceseofyork.org.uk. 2020. p. 7.
  20. ^ Shields, Rachel (15 August 2010). "A169 - As a sampler to the delights of God's Own County, the road from Malton to Whitby is hard to beat. Rachel Shields guides us up through the North Yorkshire Moors and then down to the sea". The Independent. p. 6. ISSN 1741-9743.
  21. ^ Hoole, K. (1985). Railway stations of the North East. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 178. ISBN 0-7153-8527-5.
  22. ^ "Marishes". bustimes.org. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  23. ^ Harrison, D. J.; Henney, P. J.; Minchin, D.; McEvoy, F. M.; Cameron, D. G.; Hobbs, S. F. (2006). "Mineral Resource Information in Support of National, Regional and Local Planning: North Yorkshire (comprising North Yorkshire, Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors National Parks and City of York)" (PDF). bgs.ac.uk. p. 19. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  24. ^ Harrison, D.; Haarhoff, M.; Heath-Clarke, M.; Hodgson, W.; Hughes, F.; Ware, D.; Mortimer, A. (2020). "1: Onshore UK". In Goffey, G.; Gluyas, J. G. (eds.). United Kingdom oil and gas fields : 50th anniversary commemorative volume. London: Geological Society of London. p. 82. ISBN 978-1786204752.
  25. ^ "Genuki: In 1822, the following places were in the Parish of Pickering:, Yorkshire (North Riding)". www.genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  26. ^ "Election Maps - Marishes". www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  27. ^ a b UK Census (2001). "Local Area Report – Marishes Parish (36UF070)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  28. ^ a b c d e "Administrative unit Marishes Parish-level Unit". visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  29. ^ Census 1971, England and Wales, county report / Yorkshire, North Riding. Part 1. London: H.M.S.O. 1974 [1973]. p. 9. ISBN 0-11-690379-1.

Sources

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  • Page, William, ed. (1968). The Victoria history of the county of York, North Riding. London: Dawsons of Pall Mall for the University of London Institute of Historical Research. ISBN 0712903100.
  • Bulmer, T., ed. (1890). History, topography, and directory of North Yorkshire : comprising its ancient and modern history. Preston: Bulmer & Co. OCLC 650384999.
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