Nogoa River

Nogoa
Railway bridge in Emerald during a flood, 1918
Location of Nogoa River mouth in Queensland
Location
Country	Australia
State	Queensland
Region	Central Queensland
City	Emerald
Physical characteristics
Source	Carnarvon Range
• location	Carnarvon National Park
• coordinates	24°51′38″S 147°00′16″E / 24.86056°S 147.00444°E / -24.86056; 147.00444
• elevation	501 m (1,644 ft)
Mouth	confluence with Comet River, forming the Mackenzie River
• location	north of Comet
• coordinates	23°33′21″S 148°32′11″E / 23.55583°S 148.53639°E / -23.55583; 148.53639
• elevation	144 m (472 ft)
Length	569 km (354 mi)
Basin size	27,690 km2 (10,690 sq mi)[1]
Basin features
River system	Fitzroy River basin
National parks	Carnarvon National Park, Minerva Hills National Park, Peak Range National Park, Snake Range National Park
[2]

The Nogoa River is a river in Central Queensland, Australia.

The river rises on the Carnarvon Range, part of the Great Dividing Range, in the Carnarvon National Park and flows in a generally north easterly direction towards Emerald. From source to mouth, the Nogoa River is joined by 29 minor tributaries. North of Comet the river forms confluence with the Comet River to form the Mackenzie River. The Nogoa descends 361 metres (1,184 ft) over its 569-kilometre (354 mi) course. The river is crossed by the Gregory and Capricorn Highways at Emerald.^[2]

The river has a catchment area of 27,690 square kilometres (10,690 sq mi) draining parts of the Minerva Hills, Peak Range, Snake Range national parks. Of this area, 271 kilometres (168 mi) is riverine wetlands.^[1]

The reservoir created by Queensland's second largest dam,^[3] Lake Maraboon was formed when the Fairbairn Dam was built on the river in 1972. The dam and a network of channels along the Nogoa River supplies water for the Emerald Irrigation Area.^[4]

Sir Thomas Mitchell was the first European explorer to discover the river on 19 July 1846.^[5]

In January 2008, the Nogoa River reached record flood levels. During the flood, water levels in the Fairbairn Dam rapidly exceeded 100%.^[6] Within a week inundations had caused severe disruptions to graziers, crops growers and to residents of Emerald when waters broke its banks. The Nogoa peaked at 15.4 m (51 ft) in Emerald on the night of January 22 2008, causing more than 2500 people to be evacuated.^[7] The unprecedented floods washed through the Ensham coal mine, temporarily halting operations in two out of six coal pits, reducing output to less than 50% and rendering a huge dragline defunct after it had been submerged.^[8]

In December 2010 - January 2011 the river was impacted by major flooding at Emerald^[9] and in the Nogoa's upper catchment.^[10]

The traditional owners include the Gayiri people who occupied the area for tens of thousands of years before European colonisation began in the nineteenth century. The Gayiri (Kairi, Khararya) language region takes in the landscape of the Central Highlands Regional Council, including Emerald and Nogoa River.^[11]

• List of rivers of Australia § Queensland