House of Normandy

House of Normandy
House of Normandy
	Arms of the Duchy of Normandy
Country	Duchy of Normandy; Kingdom of England; County of Flanders;
Founded	911
Founder	Rollo
Final ruler	Henry I of England or Matilda (disputed)
Titles	Count of Rouen; Duke of Normandy; King of England; Count of Flanders;
Dissolution	1167
Deposition	1135
Cadet branches	Illegitimate lines: House of Clare; House of FitzWalter, Baron FitzWalter; House of Devereux, Viscounts Hereford; House of FitzRobert, Earls of Gloucester; House of Dunstanville, Earls of Cornwall;
	^ The House of Normandy became extinct before the age of heraldry. ;

The House of Normandy (Norman: Maison de Nouormandie [mɛ.zɔ̃ d̪e nɔʁ.mɛnde]) was a noble family originating from the Duchy of Normandy. The House of Normandy's lineage began with the Scandinavian Rollo who founded the Duchy of Normandy in 911^[1].

The House of Normandy includes members who were dukes of Normandy, counts of Rouen, as well as kings of England following the Norman conquest of England. It lasted until Stephen of the French House of Blois seized the Duchy of Normandy in 1135. The house emerged from the union between the Viking Rollo^[2] (first ruler of Normandy) and Poppa of Bayeux,^[3] a West Frankish noblewoman. William the Conqueror^[4] and his heirs down through 1135 were members of this dynasty.

After that it was disputed between William's grandchildren, Matilda, whose husband Geoffrey^[5] was the founder of the House of Plantagenet, and Stephen of the House of Blois (or Blesevin dynasty).^[6]

The Norman counts of Rouen were:

Rollo, 911–927
William Longsword, 927–942

The Norman dukes of Normandy were:

Richard I, 942–996 ^[7]
Richard II, 996–1027 ^[8]
Richard III, 1026–1027 ^[9]
Robert I, 1027–1035 ^[10]
William, 1035–1066 (became King of England as William the Conqueror)

The Norman monarchs of England and Normandy were:

William the Conqueror, 1066–1087
William II, 1087–1100 (not Duke of Normandy) ^[11]
Robert II, 1087–1106 (not King of England) ^[12]
Henry I, 1100–1135; 1106–1135 ^[13]
William Adelin, 1120 (not King of England) ^[14]
Matilda, 1135–1153^[15]
Stephen (non-agnatic; a member of the House of Blois), 1135–1154 ^[16]

Norman Count of Flanders:

William Clito (r. 1127–1128), son of Robert Curthose, great-grandson of Baldwin V, designated by Louis VI of France^[17]

Richard I had a daughter, Emma of Normandy, who was Queen Consort through her two marriages to Æthelred the Unready and Cnut the Great.

Family tree

House of Normandy Family tree

Count of Rouen, 911

Rollo
d. between 928 and 933
1st Norman count of Rouen r. 911–927
House of Normandy

William
"Longsword"
c. 893–942
2nd Norman count of Rouen r. 927–942

Duke of Normandy, 942

Richard I
"the Fearless"
932–996
1st Duke of Normandy r. 942–996

Richard II
"the Good"
d. 1026
2nd Duke of Normandy r. 996–1027

Robert
Count of Évreux, Archbishop of Rouen

Mauger
c. 988–1032
m. Germain, Countess of Corbeil

Geoffrey
d. c. 1010
Count of Eu

William I
978–after 1057
Count of Eu and Hiémois

House of Clare

Richard III
997/1001–1027
3rd Duke of Normandy r. 1026–1027

Robert I
"the Magnificent"
1000–1035
4th Duke of Normandy r. 1027–1035

Richard
c. 1015–1067
Count of Évreux

Ralph de Gacé
d. 1051
Lord of Gacé

Illegitimate

Nicolas of Normandy
c. 1027–1092
Abbot of Saint Ouen

William II (of Normandy)
"the Conqueror"
c. 1028–1087
5th Duke of Normandy r. 1035–1087, King of England as "William I" r. 1066–1087

William
c. 1015–1067
Count of Évreux

Robert II
"Curthose"
c. 1051–1134
6th Duke of Normandy r. 1087–1106

Richard
c. 1054–1070

Adela
c. 1067–1137
m. Stephen II, Count of Blois

William II (of England)
"Rufus"
c. 1057–1100
King of England r. 1087–1100
Ducal Regent r. 1096–1100

Henry I
"Beauclerc"
c. 1068–1135
King of England r. 1100–1135, 7th Duke of Normandy r. 1106–1135

Illegitimate→

William Clito
1102–1128
Count of Flanders
Ducal claimant

Stephen
1092/1096–1154
King of England r. 1135–1154, 8th Duke of Normandy r. 1135–1144

Henry V
1081/1086–1125
King of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor

Matilda I
c. 1102–1167
Lady of the English "Empress Matilda"

Geoffrey Plantagenet
1113–1151
Count of Anjou, 9th Duke of Normandy r. 1144–1150

William III Adelin
1103–1120
Duke of Normandy 1120
in his father's lifetime

Robert I
c. 1090–1147
1st Earl of Gloucester

Richard of Lincoln
before 1101–1120

Reginald
c. 1100–1175
1st Earl of Cornwall

Robert FitzEdith
1093–1172
m. Matilda d'Avranches, Baroness of Okehampton

Gilbert FitzRoy

Henry FitzRoy
c. 1100/1104–1158

Fulk FitzRoy
c. 1092–1132
Monk at Abingdon?

House of Blois

House of Salians

House of Plantagenet

Illegitimate→

Henry II
"Curtmantle"
1133–1189
10th Duke of Normandy r. 1150–1189
King of England r. 1154–1189

William FitzRobert
1116–1183
2nd Earl of Gloucester

Roger of Worcester
c. 1134–1179
Bishop of Worcester

Richard
d. 1142
Bishop of Bayeux

Meiler Fitzhenry
d. 1220
Lord Chief Justice of Ireland

Henry
"the Young King"
1155–1183
Duke of Normandy r. 1170–1183 in his father's lifetime

Richard IV
"Lionheart"
1157–1199
11th Duke of Normandy, King of England as "Richard I" r. 1189–1199

John
"Lackland"
1166–1216
12th Duke of Normandy, King of England r. 1199–1216

Henry III
1207–1272
13th Duke of Normandy r. 1216–1259
King of England r. 1216–1272

Duchy of Normandy renounced at Treaty of Paris, 1259

Agnatic descendants of Rollo:

Rollo, d. ~927, Count of Rouen 911-927
- William Longsword, 893-942, Count of Rouen 927-942
  - Richard I of Normandy the Fearless, 932-996, Count of Rouen 942-996
    - Richard II, Duke of Normandy, the Good, d. 1026, Duke of Normandy 996-1026
      - Richard III, Duke of Normandy, 998-1027, Duke of Normandy 1026-1027
        Nicolas of Normandy (illegitimate), 1027-1092, Abbot of Saint-Ouen 1042-1092
      - Robert I, Duke of Normandy, the Magnificent, 1000-1035, Duke of Normandy 1027-1035
        William the Conqueror (illegitimate but succeeded as duke), 1028-1087, Duke of Normandy 1035-1087, King of England 1066-1087
        Robert Curthose, 1051-1134, Duke of Normandy 1087-1106
        William Clito, 1102-1128, Count of Flanders 1127-1128
        
        Richard of Normandy, 1054-1070
        
        William II of England, King of England 1087-1100
        
        Henry I of England, King of England 1100-1135, Duke of Normandy 1106-1135
        William Adelin, 1103-1120
        
        various illegitimate children
      - William of Normandy, 1008-1025
      - Mauger, 1019-1055, Archbishop of Rouen 1037-1053
      - William of Talou, d. 1086, Count of Arques
    - Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen 989-1037, Count of Évreux 989-1037, Regent of Normandy 1035-1037
      - Richard, Count of Évreux, 1015-1067, Count of Évreux 1037-1067
        William, Count of Évreux, Count of Évreux 1067-1118
      - Ralph de Gacé, the Ass-Headed, d. 1051
        Robert de Gacé
      - William d'Évreux
      - Hugh De Lacy^{[citation needed]}
        multiple children
    - Mauger, Count of Corbeil, 988-1032
    - Geoffrey, Count of Eu (illegitimate), d. 1010, Count of Eu 996-1010
      - descendants
    - William I, Count of Eu (illegitimate), d. 1057, Count of Eu 1040-1057
      - descendants

References and notes

^ "Rollo | duke of Normandy | Britannica". web.archive.org. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
^ "Norman | people | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "Poppa". fasg.org. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ Ciara.Berry (12 January 2016). "Royal Archives". The Royal Family. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "Queen Matilda, Empress Maud and the Civil War with King Stephen". Historic UK. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
^ "Your guide to the Anarchy, the bloody battle between Stephen and Matilda". HistoryExtra. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ McNair, Fraser (2015). "The politics of being Norman in the reign of Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy (r. 942–996)". Early Medieval Europe. 23 (3): 308–328. doi:10.1111/emed.12106. ISSN 1468-0254. S2CID 153508365.
^ "Richard II | duke of Normandy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "Richard III | duke of Normandy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ Ciara.Berry (12 January 2016). "William II (Known as William Rufus) (r. 1087–1100)". The Royal Family. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ Ciara.Berry (12 January 2016). "Henry I 'Beauclerc' (r. 1100–1135)". The Royal Family. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "The lost prince whose death tipped England towards civil war". Royal Central. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ Matilda's inheritance was usurped by her cousin Stephen of England in 1135. She recovered Normandy, but ruled in England only in 1141 as Lady of the English. However, Matilda maintained her dynastic rights until she abdicated them in favour of her son Henry II of England in 1153 following the Treaty of Wallingford.
^ "BBC – History – King Stephen". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "William Clito | count of Flanders | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

Royal House House of Normandy
New title	Ruling House of the Duchy of Normandy 911–1135	Succeeded by House of Blois
Preceded by House of Godwin	Ruling House of the Kingdom of England 1066–1135	Succeeded by House of Blois
Preceded by House of Estridsen	Ruling House of the County of Flanders 1127–1128	Succeeded by House of Alsace
New title	Ruling House of the County of Eu 996–1246	Succeeded by House of Lusignan

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[1] The House of Normandy became extinct before the age of heraldry.

[2] "Rollo | duke of Normandy | Britannica". web.archive.org. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2024.

[3] "Norman | people | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[4] "Poppa". fasg.org. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[5] Ciara.Berry (12 January 2016). "Royal Archives". The Royal Family. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[6] "Queen Matilda, Empress Maud and the Civil War with King Stephen". Historic UK. Retrieved 4 May 2022.

[7] "Your guide to the Anarchy, the bloody battle between Stephen and Matilda". HistoryExtra. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[8] McNair, Fraser (2015). "The politics of being Norman in the reign of Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy (r. 942–996)". Early Medieval Europe. 23 (3): 308–328. doi:10.1111/emed.12106. ISSN 1468-0254. S2CID 153508365.

[9] "Richard II | duke of Normandy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[10] "Richard III | duke of Normandy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[11] "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[12] Ciara.Berry (12 January 2016). "William II (Known as William Rufus) (r. 1087–1100)". The Royal Family. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[13] "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[14] Ciara.Berry (12 January 2016). "Henry I 'Beauclerc' (r. 1100–1135)". The Royal Family. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[15] "The lost prince whose death tipped England towards civil war". Royal Central. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[16] Matilda's inheritance was usurped by her cousin Stephen of England in 1135. She recovered Normandy, but ruled in England only in 1141 as Lady of the English. However, Matilda maintained her dynastic rights until she abdicated them in favour of her son Henry II of England in 1153 following the Treaty of Wallingford.

[17] "BBC – History – King Stephen". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

[18] "William Clito | count of Flanders | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

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House of Normandy
Arms of the Duchy of Normandy^{[nb 1]}
Country	Duchy of Normandy Kingdom of England County of Flanders
Founded	911
Founder	Rollo
Final ruler	Henry I of England or Matilda (disputed)
Titles	Count of Rouen Duke of Normandy King of England Count of Flanders
Dissolution	1167 (1167)
Deposition	1135
Cadet branches	Illegitimate lines: House of Clare House of FitzWalter, Baron FitzWalter House of Devereux, Viscounts Hereford House of FitzRobert, Earls of Gloucester House of Dunstanville, Earls of Cornwall
^ The House of Normandy became extinct before the age of heraldry.

House of Normandy

Family tree

References and notes

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