Nyukzha

Nyukzha
Nyukzha
	View of the Nyukzha river at Yuktali
	Mouth location in Amur Oblast, Russia
Location
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Amur Oblast,; Zabaykalsky Krai
Physical characteristics
Source	Nyukzha Ridge; Olyokma Stanovik
• coordinates	54°31′54″N 121°47′31″E / 54.53167°N 121.79194°E
• elevation	1,070 m (3,510 ft)
Mouth	Olyokma
• location	Near Ust-Nyukzha
• coordinates	56°34′35″N 121°33′10″E / 56.57639°N 121.55278°E
• elevation	397 m (1,302 ft)
Length	583 km (362 mi)
Basin size	32,100 km2 (12,400 sq mi)
Discharge
• average	310 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Progression	Olyokma→ Lena→ Laptev Sea

The Nyukzha (Russian: Нюкжа) is a river in Amur Oblast and Transbaikalia, East Siberia, Russian Federation. It is the second largest tributary of the Olyokma river in terms of length and area of its basin. The Nyukzha is 583 kilometres (362 mi) long and has a drainage basin of 32,100 square kilometres (12,400 sq mi). There are a number of inhabited places close to the banks of the river, including Ust-Urkima, Lopcha, Chilchi, Ust-Nyukzha, Larba and Yuktali, mostly with a significant Evenk population. A section of the Baikal–Amur Mainline passes along the river valley.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] The river is a destination for rafting.^[5]

There are rock paintings of the Early Iron Age by the right bank of the Nyukzha and 214 km (133 mi) from its mouth, near the confluence with the Onen river.^[5]

The name of the river originated in the Evenki word "nyukzhach", meaning "to wander".^[5]

Course

The Nyukzha is a right tributary of the Olyokma, of the Lena basin. Its source is in Zabaykalsky Krai, in the northern slope of the Nyukzha ridge, a spur of the Urushin Range, of the Olyokma-Stanovik Highlands.^[2] In its upper course through the highlands it flows fast, forming numerous rapids. It goes roughly northeastwards leaving the Chernyshev Range on the right through a narrow valley. Then it bends and changes to a northwestward direction. Farther downstream the Nyukzha slows down, divides into arms, and forms meanders. Finally it joins the right bank of the Olyokma 187 km (116 mi) from this river's mouth in the Lena.^[5]

The Nyukzha has numerous tributaries and seven of them are over 100 km (62 mi) long. The longest one is the 243 km (151 mi) long Lopcha (Лопча) from the left. The river freezes in October and stays under ice until late April or early May.^[5]