SLC25A22

SLC25A22
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC25A22, EIEE3, GC1, NET44, GC-1, solute carrier family 25 member 22, DEE3
External IDs	OMIM: 609302; MGI: 1915517; HomoloGene: 69383; GeneCards: SLC25A22; OMA:SLC25A22 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11p15.5 Start 790,475 bp[1] End 798,281 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 F5 Start 141,009,657 bp[2] End 141,017,805 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right hemisphere of cerebellum right frontal lobe anterior cingulate cortex body of pancreas prefrontal cortex amygdala Brodmann area 9 anterior pituitary nucleus accumbens cerebellar vermis Top expressed in dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell primary visual cortex intestinal villus superior frontal gyrus neural layer of retina cerebellar cortex subiculum piriform cortex medial dorsal nucleus left lobe of liver More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function symporter activity L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity amino acid:proton symporter activity high-affinity glutamate transmembrane transporter activity L-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity transmembrane transporter activity Cellular component membrane mitochondrion mitochondrial inner membrane integral component of membrane Biological process transmembrane transport L-glutamate transmembrane transport ion transport mitochondrial transport proton transmembrane transport aspartate transmembrane transport malate-aspartate shuttle L-aspartate transmembrane transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 79751 68267 Ensembl ENSG00000177542 ENSMUSG00000019082 UniProt Q9H936 Q9D6M3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001191060 NM_001191061 NM_024698 NM_001177576 NM_026646 NM_001360723 NM_001360724 RefSeq (protein) NP_001177989 NP_001177990 NP_078974 NP_001171047 NP_080922 NP_001347652 NP_001347653 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 0.79 – 0.8 Mb Chr 7: 141.01 – 141.02 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Solute carrier family 25 member 22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC25A22 gene. This gene encodes a mitochondrial glutamate carrier. Mutations in this gene are associated with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy.^[5] Expression of this gene is increased in colorectal tumor cells.^[6]

The SLC25A22 gene is located on the p arm of chromosome 11 in position 15.5 and has 9 exons spanning 7,807 base pairs.^[7] The gene produces a 34.5 kDa protein composed of 323 amino acids.^[8][9][7] The encoded protein is a multi-pass transmembrane protein located in the mitochondrial inner membrane.^[10][11]

The protein encoded by SLC25A22 is involved in the transport of glutamate, cotransported with H+, across the inner mitochondrial membrane.^[10][11] Both SLC25A22 and SLC25A18 are mitochondrial glutamate/H+ symporters.^[7]

Mutations in the SLC25A22 gene cause early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 3 (EIEE3), a severe form of epilepsy characterized by frequent tonic seizures or spasms beginning in infancy with a specific EEG finding of suppression-burst patterns, characterized by high-voltage bursts alternating with almost flat suppression phases. Epileptic encephalopathy early infantile type 3 is characterized by a very early onset, erratic and fragmentary myoclonus, massive myoclonus, partial motor seizures and late tonic spasms. The prognosis is poor, with no effective treatment, and children with the condition either die within 1 to 2 years after birth or survive in a persistent vegetative state.^[10][11]

Migrating partial seizures in infancy, caused by a specific G110R mutation in the SLC25A22 gene, can be inherited.^[12]

Although expression of SLC25A22 is high in most tissues, expression is particularly strong in the developing brain, with regions of the brain involved in the genesis and control of myoclonic seizures specifically expressing SLC25A22 during human development.^{[13][7][12][10][11]}

SLC25A22 expression is increased in colorectal tumor tissues compared to matched nontumor colon tissues. Increased expression of the encoded protein was associated with decreased survival times in colorectal cancer patients. Knockdown of this gene in mutant colorectal cells decreased their migration, proliferation, and invasion.^[6]

The encoded protein interacts with SLC38A1, NDUFAF4, and 43 other proteins.^[14]

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.