Sarah Blizzard
Sarah Blizzard | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Sarah Rebecca Rogers October 6, 1864 |
| Died | September 28, 1955 (aged 90) West Virginia, US |
| Known for | UMWA supporter |
| Spouse | Timothy Blizzard |
| Children | Bill Blizzard |
Sarah Rebecca Blizzard (née Rogers; October 6, 1864 – September 28, 1955) was an American labor activist involved with the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA). She was the mother of UMWA officer Bill Blizzard, and was known to the coal miners as "Mother" or "Ma" Blizzard. UMWA President Cecil Roberts is her great-grandson.[1]
Background
[edit]Born in Fayette County, West Virginia, Sarah witnessed the arrival of the railroads circa 1880 and the beginnings of the coal mining industry in southern West Virginia.[2] Blizzard was involved with the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) from its beginnings and encouraged her family to participate with the union.[1] Women were not allowed in the mines, but focused on running their households and raising their families. They held a key role in supporting the men in the mines and when they went on strike.[3]
The Blizzard family was evicted from their home in Kilsyth, West Virginia due to Sarah's support of the miners in the coal strike of 1902. After their eviction, the family moved to Cabin Creek, West Virginia.[1] During the Paint Creek–Cabin Creek strike of 1912, Blizzard allowed striking miners to camp on her family's land.[4] Ma Blizzard and Mother Jones organized an "umbrella march" where pro-union women marched with umbrellas in support of the miners.[1] Blizzard led a group of women to damage the railroad tracks used by the Bull Moose Special, "train-riding, machine-gunning lawmen" who shot into tent colonies used by miners and their families evicted by the coal companies for striking.[5]
After the 1912 strike, Blizzard was called to testify before the Congressional committee investigating the conditions which led to the strike. One aspect of her testimony was the actions of the guards towards the community during the strike.[7] Ma Blizzard never left her community, but in the following years focused her energy on supporting the work of the miners.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Davidson, Shae (September 26, 2012). "Mother Blizzard". The West Virginia Encyclopedia.
- ^ "September 28, 1955: Labor Activist Mother Blizzard Dies". West Virginia Public Radio. September 28, 2020.
- ^ Women coal miners. Vol. 5–8. 1982.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ Thiruvengadam, Meena (August 20, 2020). "Olympic gold medalist Mary Lou Retton, author Pearl S. Buck among influential women from West Virginia". USA Today.
- ^ Slavin, Peter (August 16, 2011). "Bill Blizzard, Blair Mountain and justice for miners". Blue Ridge Country. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
- ^ Labor Publication Society (1922). Labor Age (Vol. 11, No. 7) - August 1922. p. 20.
- ^ Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia: Hearings ... Sixty-third Congress, First Session Pursuant to S. Res. 37, a Resolution Authorizing the Appointment of a Committee to Make an Investigation of Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia. 1913.
- ^ Shields, Art (1986). On the Battle-lines, 1919-1939. International Publishers. ISBN 9780717806461.
Further reading
[edit]- Major Labor Figures of the West Virginia Mine Wars.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Miners' Families. Retrieved May 12, 2009.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Roberts, Ron E.; Cook-Roberts, Carol (1998). Mother Jones and Her Sisters: A Century of Women Activists in the American Coal Fields. Kendall/Hunt. ISBN 9780787251505.
External links
[edit]- Blair Community Center and Museum for a museum and research facility that specializes in the West Virginia Mine Wars
- Blizzard, William C. (2005). When Miners March. Gay, WV: Appalachian Community Press. ISBN 978-0-9764706-0-1.
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