Selenidostannate

Selenidostannates are chemical compounds which contain anionic units of selenium connected to tin. They can be considered as stannates where selenium substitutes for oxygen. Similar compounds include the selenogermanates and thiostannates. They are in the category of chalcogenidotetrelates or more broadly chalcogenometallates.

Formation

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Some selenidostannates can be made by treating tin diselenide (SnSe2) with an alkali selenide dissolved in water.[1] Other possible solvents include  choline chloride with 1,8-diaminooctane,[2]

Properties

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Most selenidostannates are semiconductors. Their resistance drops on exposure to light. Also selenidostannates are often coloured, most often orange, red or yellow.

Many are unstable in humid air, as the water reacts with the selenidostannate to form hydrogen selenide (H2Se).

Use

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Selenidostannates are primarily of research interest. They are under investigation as photoelectric materials.

List

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name chem mw crystal system space group unit cell Å volume density comment references
tris(μ2-1,2-Diaminoethane)-1,2-diaminoethane-di-lithium triselenido-tin(iv) Li4Sn2Se6 · 8en monoclinic C2/c a=22.660 b=9.449 c=20.336 β=101.24° [3]
diammonium [NH4]2Sn4Se9 orthorhombic Pnma a =13.2274 b=12.4270 c=12.6102 supertetrahedra Sn4Se10 arranged in layers [4]
bis(dimethylammonium) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin dimethylamine solvate [NH2(CH3)2]2Sn3Se7·0.5NH(CH3)2 monoclinic C2/c a=23.5939 b=13.6409 c=15.0372, β=102.177° chains of Sn3Se8 [4]
tetrakis(ethylammonium) tetradecakis(μ-selenido)-hexa-tin [NH3C2H5]2Sn3Se7 orthorhombic Cmca a=13.5561 b=24.0194 c=27.0184 [4]
bis(Ethylenediammonium) ethylenediamine bis((μ2-selenido)-diseleno-tin(iv)) [enH2]2[Sn2Se6] · en triclinic P1 a =8.636 b =11.044 c =6.613, α =104.48° β =110.76° γ =79.43° twin edge-bridged SnSe4 tetrahedra [5]
tetrakis(2-Aminoethylammonium) bis(μ2-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin(iv) 1,2-diaminoethane [enH]4[SnIV2Se6] · en triclinic P1 a=11.212 b=11.631 c=13.097, α=79.40° β=76.82° γ=64.82° [6]
catena(Ethylenediammonium hemiethylenediamine (μ3-selenido)-hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tri-tin(iv)) [enH2][Sn3Se7]·0.5en orthorhombic Fdd2 a=23.597 b=27.563 c=13.877 [4][5]
catena-(tetrakis(μ2-Seleno)-ethylenediamine-di-tin(iv)) [2 SnSe2·en] orthorhombic Pca21 a 1=3.724 b =11.866 c =13.647 [5]
[(C2H5)3NH]2Sn3Se7 P212121 2.12 eV [4]
[(C2H5)3NH]2Sn3Se7·0.25H2O monoclinic P21/n 2.1 eV [4]
(Et4N)2Sn3Se7 monoclinic P21/m a=10.140 b=13.858 c=12.071, β=100.649° [7]
[NEt4]4[Sn4Se10] cubic P43n a = 22.170 10897 [8]
bis(tetrapropylammonium) nonaselenidotetrastannate(IV) ([C3H7]4N)2[Sn4Se9] monoclinic P21/n a = 15.328, b = 19.058, c = 15.398, β = 97.947°, Z = 4 4454.7 orange [9]
(C7N4OH16)2Sn3Se7·H2 orthorhombic Pbca [4]
(NH3(CH2)8NH3)Sn3Se7 triclinic P1 [4]
Octane-1,8-diammonium (μ3-selena)-hexakis(μ2-selena)-tri-tin (NH3(CH2)8NH3)Sn3Se7 triclinic P1 a=8.4419 b=11.6441 c=13.1857 α=66.636° β=77.989° γ=83.919° [10]
Decane-1,10-diammonium (μ3-selena)-hexakis(μ2-selena)-tri-tin (NH3(CH2)10NH3)Sn3Se7 monoclinic C2/c a=23.726 b=13.910 c=15.954 β=111.915° [10]
(NH3(CH2)10NH3)Sn3Se7 monoclinic C2/c [4]
tetrakis(1,2-dimethyl-3-propyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(μ3-selenido)-octadecakis(μ2-selenido)-nona-tin monoclinic P21/c a =18.652 b=20.353 c=20.196 β=105.244° [11]
tetrakis(1,2-dimethyl-3-propyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) dodecakis(μ2-selenido)-diselenido-hexa-tin [Mmpmim]4Sn6Se14 monoclinic P21/c a=14.270 b=15.549 c=14.377 β=92.749° [11]
bis(1,2-dimethyl-3-propyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) (μ3-selenido)-hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tri-tin [Mmpmim]2Sn3Se7 trigonal P3221 a=13.9470 b=13.9470 c=27.8553 [11]
octakis(1,2-dimethyl-3-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) tetrakis(μ3-selenido)-docosakis(μ2-selenido)-diselenido-dodeca-tin [Mmpmim]8Sn12Se26 monoclinic P21/c a=24.538 b=13.961 c=19.434 β=94.539° [11]
tetra(1,2-dimethyl-3-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(μ3-selenido)-dodecakis(μ2-selenido)-hexa-tin [Mmbmim]4Sn6Se14 trigonal P3221 a=13.9381 c=27.774 [11]
[prmmim]2[Sn3Se7] P3221 [4]
Bmmim=1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium [bmmim]2[Sn3Se7] P3221 band gap 2.2 eV [4]
Bzmim = 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium

bis(1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin

[Bzmim]2[Sn3Se7] orthorhombic Pbca a=14.297 b=13.8808 c=16.8855 β=99.817° [12]
Emim = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium

pentakis(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) bis(heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin) chloride unknown solvate

[Emim]5[Sn3Se7]2Cl hexagonal P63/mmc a=13.8331 c=18.4649 [12]
[DBNH]2[Sn3Se7]·PEG monoclinic C2/c band gap 2.13 eV [4]
[DBNH]3[NH4][Sn6Se14] trigonal R3 band gap 2.02 eV [4]
(H+-DBN)2[Sn3Se7] Cmc21 band gap 2.02 eV [4]
(CH3)3N(CH2)2OH]2[Sn3Se7] orthorhombic Pbca band gap 2.35 eV [4]
catena-[bis(2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin monohydrate] (CH3)3N(CH2)2OH]2[Sn3Se7]∙H2O monoclinic P21/n a=9.8365 b=13.5796 c=20.7384 β=92.727° Z=4 2893.0 2.606 orange; [4][13]
catena-[bis(N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] (CH3)3N(CH2)2CH3]2[Sn3Se7] orthorhombic Pbca a =17.534 b =13.7273 c =24.1221 Z=8 5806.2 2.547 orange [14]
bis(N,N,N-trimethylbutanaminium) poly[heptaselenidotristannate(IV)] (Bu(CH3)3N)2[Sn3Se7] monoclinic C2/c a = 23.950, b = 13.760, c = 20.011, β = 114.565°, Z = 8 5998 orange [4][15]
AEPP = N-aminoethylpiperazine [AEPPH2]2[Sn5Se12] triclinic P1 a = 10.6351, b = 10.6850, c = 10.7771, α = 61.344°, β = 62.442°, γ = 67.468 [16]
phen=1,10-Phenanthroline (CH3NH3)4(Sn2Se6)·6phen triclinic P1 a 10.594 b 12.225 c 14.945 α 83.589° β 83.133° γ 86.604° [17]
Im=imidazolium

catena-(pentakis(3-n-butyl-1-methylimidazolium) dodecakis(μ-selenido)-nona-tin tetrafluoroborate)

(C4C1C1Im)5[Sn9Se20][BF4] monoclinic P21/n a=13.878 b=20.365 c=31.026 β =91.326° Z=4 8766 2.652 orange [18]
DMMP=2,6-dimethylmorpholine (DMMPH)4[Sn2Se6] monoclinic P21/n a=6.158 b=22.381 c=14.642 β=93.57° Z=2 2014.1 1.926 yellow [18]
catena-(bis(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) bis(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium) tetradecakis(μ-selenido)-hexa-tin) (C2C1Im)2(DMMPH)2[Sn6Se14] monoclinic P21/n a=20.616 b=13.857 c=19.629 β=107.40° Z=4 5351 2.821 orange [18]
catena-[tetrakis(3-n-Butyl-1,2-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(μ3-selenido)-undecakis(μ2-selenido)-selenido-hexa-tin(iv)] [BMMIm]4[Sn6Se14] monoclinic P21/c a 24.2744 b 13.8901 c 19.1763 β 94.083° Z=4 6449.3 2.503 orange [19]
catena-(hexadecakis(1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium) octakis(μ3-selenido)-octatetracontakis(μ2-selenido)-tetracosa-tin) [BMMIm]16[Sn24Se56] trigonal P32 a=27.8622 c=28.0566 Z=3 18862.4 2.568 red [19]
catena-(tris(3-Butyl-1,2-dimethylimidazolium) 2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium (μ3-selenido)-dodecakis(μ2-selenido)-selenido-hexa-tin) [BMMIm]3[DMMPH][Sn6Se14] triclinic P1 a 11.1358 b 12.6745 c 23.362, α 89.690° β 88.473° γ 72.098° Z=2 3136.6 2.534 orange or yellow (low temp) [19]
1-butyl-3-methyl-inidazolinium [BMIm]4[Sn9Se20] monoclinic Cc a=19.901 b=26.494 c=14.447 β=105.34 Z=4 7361 2.892 red [20]
catena-[bis(2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin monohydrate] [HOCH2CH2N(CH3)3]2Sn3Se7·H2O monoclinic P21/n a 9.8365 b 13.5796 c 20.7384 β 92.727° orange (high temp) or yellow [21]
catena-[bis(N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] [CH3CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2Sn3Se7 orthorhombic Pbca a 17.403 b 13.7025 c 23.9113 2.852 yellow [21]
tetrakis(piperidinium) bis(μ-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin {[Sn2Se6]·4(C5NH12)} monoclinic P21/n a 10.3277 b 10.2808 c 15.7823 β 96.725° 2.0110 red [22]
catena-[bis(3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-5-ium) tetrakis(μ-selenido)-hexa-tin] {[Sn3Se7]·2(HDBN)} DBN = 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene orthorhombic Cmc21 a 13.4435 b 24.4817 c 14.4494 red [22]
[dabcoH]2[(CH3)2NH2]2[Sn2Se6] monoclinic C2/m a=20.172 b=11.674 c=6.476 β=103.15 Z=2 1485.2 2.303 yellow [23]
(N2H4)3(N2H5)4Sn2Se6 triclinic P1 a = 6.6475, b = 9.5474, c = 9.883, α = 94.110°, β = 99.429°, γ = 104.141°, Z = 1 [24]
bis(1-Aminoethylammonium) bis(4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo(8.8.8)hexacosane-potassium) bis(μ2-seleno)-tetraseleno-di-tin(iv) (enH)2(2,2,2-crypt-K)2Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a=8.442 b=25.877 c=14.821 β=104.19°
(MeSn)4Se6 triclinic P1 a = 9.147, b =10.495 c =10.508, α = 85.60, β = 89.83 γ =65.71° Z=2 916 adamantane structure [25]
Na4SnS4 tetragonal I41acd [26]
Na4SnS4 tetragonal P421c a=7.84679 c=6.95798, Z=2 428.42 yellow [26]
Na4SnSe4·14H2O [26]
Na4SnSe4·16H2O monoclinic P21/m a = 8.673, b = 16.563, c = 8.647, β = 92.10°, Z = 2 tetrahedra; Sn-Se bond length 2.504−2.527 Å [27][1]
Na4Sn2S6·5H2O [28]
Na4Sn2Se6·13H2O triclinic P1 a = 7.106, b = 10.330, c = 19.009, α = 78.60, β = 85.66, γ = 72.85° Z = 2 (at −130°C) orange-red; tetrahedral edge-shared pairs [27][29]
Na4Ge2Se6 · 16 H2O monoclinic P21/c a = 9.894, b = 11.781, c = 12.225, β = 92.90°, Z = 2 [30]
Na4Sn3Se8 trigonal bipyramid + tetrahedron [27]
Na6Sn4Se11 · 22 H2O monoclinic C2/c a 15.325 b 11.634 c 26.739 β 95.81° yellow-orange [31]
Na6Sn2Se7·16H2O red [29]
catena-(tris(1-Amino-2-ammonioethane) octakis(μ3-selenido)-hexakis(μ2-selenido)-sodium-hexa-tin sesquikis(dimethylamine) sesquihydrate) (enH)3Na[Sn3Se7]2·1.5Me2NH·1.5H2O R32 a=13.8647 c=18.962 Na+ ion conductor [32]
bis((μ4-Selenido)-(μ3-selenido)-bis(μ2-ethylene-1,2-diamine))-tetra-sodium-tin [Na4(en)4][SnSe4] orthorhombic P41212 a=13.090 b=13.090 c=14.548 [33]
Li2MgNaSe4 orthorhombic Pmn21 a = 8.40 b = 7.18 c = 6.73 Z=2 405.9 3.867 yellow; moisture absorbing [34]
SnPSe3 monoclinic Pn a=6.8161 b=7.7264 c=9.6437 β=91.073° [35]
K4SnSe4 orthorhombic Pnma a=14.714 b=10.323 c=8.248 Z=4 yellow [36]
2D-K2Sn2Se5 orthorhombic Pbca a=13.0246 b=12.186 c=14.135 Z=8 [37]
K4Sn2Se6 tetrahedral edge-shared pairs [27]
K4Sn3Se8 orthorhombic Ccca a 8.214 b 27.795 c 8.2136 [38]
K0.5[Sn3Se7] hexagonal P6522 a=13.8325 c 43.295 Z=12 7174.1 2.579 red [18]
K6Sn4Se11 . 8H2O monoclinic C2/c a =28.004 b =9 c =15.192, β 113.8° [7]
K6[SnIII2Se6] [6]
K4Sn4Se10·4.5H2O trigonal R3 a=15.32 c=21.019 [39]
tetrakis(Tetramethylammonium) (hexakis(μ2-seleno)-di-tin(iv)-potassium) K(N(CH3)4)3Sn2Se6 triclinic P1 a 9.587 b 10.005 c 15.996 α 95.15° β 92.81° γ 106.96° [40]
(μ2-Ethylene-1,2-diamine-N,N')-bis(ethylene-1,2-diamine-N)-bis(1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclo-octadecane)-di-potassium (μ2-ethylene-1,2-diamine-N,N')-(ethylene-1,2-diamine-N)-bis(1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclo-octadecane)-di-potassium hexakis(μ2-selenido)-(tetraselenoxy)-tetra-tin(iv) [18-crown-6-K]4[Sn4Se10]·5en monoclinic P21/n a=22.003 b=18.966 c=24.392 β=97.548° [41]
dipotassium(+) bis[(1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane)potassium(+)] hexaselenodistannate(4-) tetrakis(ethylenediamine) solvate (18-crown-6) K2[K(C12H24O6)]2[Sn2Se6].4C2H8N2 monoclinic P21/n a=15.634 b=8.479 c=23.404 β=108.60° [42]
bis((4,7,13,16,21,24-Hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo(8.8.8)hexacosane)-potassium) tris(tetraselenido)-tin(iv) [K-(2,2,2-crypt)]2Sn(Se4)3 triclinic P1 a=10.7088 b=12.9986 c=21.7865 α=86.299° β=81.598° γ=87.258° [43]
Ca(en)4Ca(en)3[Sn2Se6] triclinic P1 a = 10.2708, b = 12.2739, c = 16.3103, α = 93.576°, β = 90.609°, γ = 109.269°, Z = 1 1936.09 [44]
[VII(dien)2]2[Sn2Se6] monoclinic P21/n a 9.7686 b 15.094 c 12.517 β 91.007° band gap 2.11 eV [45]
catena-(tetraethylenepentaminedi-ium octakis(μ-selenido)-bis(tetraethylenepentamine)-tetraselenolato-tetra-tin(iv)-di-vanadium(iii)) [H2tepa]0.5[VIII(tepa)(μ-Sn2Se6)] orthorhombic Abm2 a=7.808 b=41.97 c=16.982 Z=8 5565 2.496 [46]
tepa = tetraethylenepentamine

bis(Hydroxy-tetraethylenepentamine-chromium) 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate) monohydrate

[Cr(tepa)(OH)]2Sn2Se6·H2O orthorhombic Pbcn a=16.767 b=14.552 c=14.859 2.08 eV [47]
peha = pentaethylenehexamide

bis(Pentaethylenehexamine-chromium) dichloride 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate)

[Cr(peha)]2(Sn2Se6)Cl2 monoclinic P21/n a=9.636 b=14.361 c=15.357 β=106.50° 2.19 eV [47]
en = ethylenediamine, pip = piperazine

pentakis(tris(ethylenediamine)-chromium(iii)) bis(tetrakis(selenyl)-tin(iv)) heptakis(chloride) piperazine solvate

[Cr(en)3]2.5[SnSe4]·Cl3.5·(pip)0.5·1.5H2O trigonal R3c a=15.4035 c =61.487 band gap 2.23 eV;SnSe4 tetrahedron [2]
catena-[(μ3-Selenido)-(μ2-selenido)-bis(1,2-diaminoethane)-selenido-manganese-tin] SnSe3Mn(en)2 monoclinic P21/n a =9.4565 b =11.2896 c =12.7937 β =103.765° Z=4 2.657 red [48]
catena-[(μ3-Selenido)-bis(μ2-selenido)-(1,2-diaminoethane)-manganese-tin] SnSe3Mn(en) orthorhombic Pbca a=13.9290 b=7.5261 c=19.2572 Z=8 2018.7 3.097 red [48]
catena-[bis(μ3-Selenido)-bis(μ2-selenido)-bis(1,2-diaminoethane)-di-manganese-tin] MnSnSe4Mn(en)2 orthorhombic Pnma a=13.1101 b=14.8267 c=7.9466 Z=4 1544.66 2.858 yellow [48]
pentaehtylenehexaamine [Mn(peha)][Sn3Se7] monoclinic P21/n [4]
[Mn(dien)2]Sn3Se7·0.5H2O monoclinic P21/n band gap 1.89 eV [4]
[Mn(en)2.5(en-Me)0.5][Sn3Se7] monoclinic P21/c [4]
catena-[tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] [Mn(en)3][Sn3Se7] monoclinic P21/n a=12.2277 b=13.1904 c=15.9272 β=100.174° red [4][49]
catena-[bis(N-(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin monohydrate] [Mn(dien)2][Sn3Se7]∙H2O monoclinic P21/n a=12.3987 b=13.3150 c=16.6672 β=96.378° red; band gap 2.04 eV [4][49]
[Mn(dien)2]Sn3Se7·0.5H2O monoclinic P21/n a 12.322 b 13.300 c 16.706 β 96.331° [50]
bis(bis(N-(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese) bis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-di-tin [Mn(dien)2]2Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 12.677 b 9.585 c 15.595 β 102.49(3)° [50]
[Mn(dien)2]MnSnSe4 orthorhombic C2221 a=9.002 b=17.761 c=12.967 band gap 2.25 eV [51]
catena-[tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese(ii) (μ-diselenido)-hexakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] [Mn(en)3]Sn3Se6(Se2) monoclinic P21/n a 11.974 b 14.046 c 15.893, β 99.78° [52]
catena-((bis(diethylenetriamine)-manganese(ii)) bis(μ-selenido)-manganese) [Mn(en)3][Sn(Se4)3] triclinic P1 a 10.222 b 12.175 c 12.394, α 89.37° β 74.97° γ 75.66° [52]
en = ethylenediamine, hda = N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine)

bis(bis(ethylenediamine)-(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine)-manganese(ii)) bis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-di-tin

[Mn(en)2(hda)]2[Sn2Se6] monoclinic P21/n a 9.1189 b 12.3968 c 17.515 β 97.010° [53]
catena-[bis(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine)-manganese(ii) bis(μ-selenido)-manganese bis(μ-selenido)-tin] [Mn(hda)2][SnMnSe4] monoclinic C2/c a 9.4497 b 17.6025 c 13.1121 β 103.617° [53]
dien = diethylenetriamine

catena-[bis(diethylenetriamine)-manganese(ii) bis(μ-selenido)-manganese bis(μ-selenido)-tin]

[Mn(dien)2][SnMnSe4] orthorhombic C2221 a 9.0169 b 17.740 c 12.9543 [53]
heptakis(μ2-selenido)-(tetraethylenepentamine)-manganese(ii)-tri-tin(iv) Mn(tepa)·Sn3Se7 orthorhombic P212121 a=12.533 b=13.709 c=13.989 [54]
tetrakis(μ2-selenido)-bis(seleno)-bis(tetraethylenepentamine)-di-manganese(ii)-di-tin(iv) [Mn(tepa)]2(μ2-Sn2Se6) tetragonal I41/a a=26.483 b=26.483 c=10.1423 [54]
hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tetrakis(1,10-phenanthroline)-di-manganese-di-tin dihydrate {[Mn(phen)2]2(μ2-Sn2Se6)}·H2O monoclinic P21/n a 11.061 b 10.061 c 25.21 β 90.081° [17]
catena-((μ3-selenido)-bis(μ2-selenido)-(1,10-phenanthroline)-manganese-tin) [Mn(phen)]2(μ4-Sn2Se6) triclinic P1 a 9.721 b 10.257 c 10.346, α 118.24° β 112.53° γ 95.75° [17]
hexakis(μ-2-aminoethan-1-olato)-octakis(μ-selenido)-hepta-manganese-di-tin Mn7(ea)6(SnSe4)2 orthorhombic Pccn a=14.886 b=19.354 c=12.4314 Z=4 3581.5 2.993 orange [55]
catena-(pentakis(μ2-selenido)-bis(1,10-phenanthroline)-manganese-di-tin) [Mn(phen)2](Sn2Se5) monoclinic C2/c a 16.639 b 12.961 c 14.088β 117.91° [17]
catena-[tris(3-butyl-1,2-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese) icosakis(μ-selenido)-selenido-nona-tin chloride] (Bmmim)3[Mn(en)3]2[Sn9Se21]Cl monoclinic P21/c a=19.4488 b=19.5108 c=26.6148 β=109.587° red [49]
catena-[hexakis(1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis((N-(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese) tetratriacontakis(selenido)-selenido-pentadeca-tin] (Bmmim)6[Mn(dien)2]2Sn15Se35 monoclinic P21/n a=13.4256 b=29.904 c=19.5845 β=106.643° red [49]
catena-[hemikis(tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-manganese) hemikis((N-methylethane-1,2-diamine)-bis(ethane-1,2-diamine)-mangnaese) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] [Mn(en)2.5(en-Me)0.5][Sn3Se7] monoclinic P21/c a=12.1058 b=13.2204 c=18.2504 β=120.839° Z=4 2507.9 3.049 orange [56]
catena-(bis(4-Aminobutan-1-aminium) tetrakis(μ2-selenido)-manganese-tin) (1,4-dabH)2MnSnSe4 orthorhombic Fdd2 a =23.287 b=25.410 c=6.6053 [57]
tetrakis(2,2'-bipyridine)-hexakis(μ-selenido)-di-tin-di-manganese {Mn(2,2′-bipy)2}2(μ2-Sn2Se6) monoclinic P 21/n a=8.756 b=20.960 c=12.484 β=95.66° [58]
hexakis(μ2-Selenido)-bis(1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)-di-manganese(ii)-di-tin {Mn(cyclam)}2(μ-Sn2Se6.15) monoclinic P21/n a=9.949 b=16.783 c=11.649 β=105.208° [59]
hexakis(μ2-Selenido)-bis(2,2';6',2''-terpyridine)-di-manganese(ii)-di-tin {Mn(terpy)}2(μ-Sn2Se6) triclinic P1 a=9.430 b=10.872 c=11.090 α=117.86° β=102.83° γ=103.22° [59]
tris(μ2-Selenido)-(2,2';6',2''-terpyridine)-manganese(ii)-tin {Mn(terpy)}2(μ-Sn2Se6) triclinic P1 a=9.923 b=10.027 c=10.959 α=107.29° β=97.57° γ=115.10° [59]
(NMe4)2[MnSn4Se10] tetragonal I4 a=9.865 c =15.317 red [60]
Li4MnSn2Se7 monoclinic Cc a=18.126 b=7.221 c=10.470 β=93.43° Z=4 1403.2 4.132 orange [61]
DBN=1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene [DBNH]2[MnSnSe4] tetragonal P42/ncm a=13.0305 c =6.6220 [62]
[Fe(tatda)]Sn3Se7 monoclinic P21/n 1.93 eV [4]
catena-((bis(diethylenetriamine)-iron(ii)) bis(μ-selenido)-iron) [Fe(dien)2]FeSnSe4 orthorhombic C2221 a =8.974 b =17.755 c =12.967 band gap 2.21 eV [51]
bis(bis(diethylenetriamine)-iron(ii)) bis(μ-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin [Fe(dien)2]2Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a=12.563 b=9.655 c=15.566 β=102.76° band gap 2.60 eV [51]
bis(bis(diethylenetriamine)-iron(ii)) ethane-1,2-diammonium bis(2-ammonioethyl)amine bis(bis(μ-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin) [H2en][H2dien][Fe(dien)2]2(Sn2Se6)2 triclinic P1 a=8.727 b=12.794 c=14.918, α=66.09° β=84.06° γ=75.33° band gap 2.58 eV [51]
catena-[tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-iron(ii) (μ-diselenido)-hexakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] [Fe(en)3]Sn3Se6(Se2) monoclinic P21/c a =11.950 b =14.083 c =17.995 β =120.25° [52]
tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-iron(ii) tris[tetraselanato]-tin [Fe(en)3][Sn(Se4)3] triclinic P1 a 10.223 b 12.106 c 12.263, α 89.40° β 89.40° γ 75.45° [52]
tatda = 3,6,9,12-tetraazatetradecane-1,14-diamine

catena-[(3,6,9,12-tetraazatetradecane-1,14-diamine)-iron heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin]

[Fe(tatda)]Sn3Se7 monoclinic P21/n a 12.1067 b 13.3225 c 17.0827 β 96.978° [50]
hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tetrakis(1,10-phenanthroline)-di-iron-di-tin [Fe(phen)2]2(μ2-Sn2Se6) monoclinic C2/c a 26.192 b 11.248 c 17.843 β 98.816° [17]
catena-(bis(tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-iron) bis(μ3-selenido)-dodecakis(μ2-selenido)-hexa-tin hydrate) [Fe(phen)3](Sn3Se7)·1.25H2O trigonal R3c a=13.9483 c 75.476 band gap 1.97 eV [17]
bipy = bipyridine

catena-[nonakis(μ-selenido)-tetra-tin tris(2,2'-bipyridine)-iron dihydrate]

[Fe(bipy)3]Sn4Se9·2H2O trigonal R3c a=26.902 c 30.673 [63]
[Fe(bipy)3]2[Sn3Se7]2·bipy·2H2O monoclinic P21/c a 27.055 b 13.391 c 24.756, β 103.88° [63]
heptakis(μ-selenido)-(tetra-ethylenepentamine)-iron-tri-tin Sn3Se7Fe(tepa) orthorhombic P212121 a 12.4958 b 13.7745 c 14.0233 3.112 black [22]
bis[tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-iron] 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate) [Fe(en)3]2Sn2Se6 orthorhombic Pbca a =15.5062(9)Å b=11.8662 c=19.0966 2.146 red [22]
{CpFe(CO)2}3{CpFe(CO)}Sn3Se4 triclinic P1 a 12.2066 b 12.584 c 13.0007, α 90.632° β 90.068° γ 120.836° [64]
(NMe4)2[FeSn4Se10] tetragonal I4 a=9.878 c=15.345 [60]
[Co(en)3]2Sn2Se6 orthorhombic Pbca a=15.640 b=11.564 c=18.742 [46]
[Co(dien)2]2Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a=10.2224 b=14.5788 c=12.3921 β=91.237° 1846.4 yellow; black with water, ultrasound turns yellow [65][46][66]
[Co(en)(trien)]2Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 7.929 b 15.855 c 14.262 β 93.436° [67]
bis(tris(2,2'-bipyridine)-cobalt(ii)) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin(iv) hexakis(μ-selenido)-selenido-tri-tin(iv) 2,2'-bipyridine monohydrate [Co(2,2′-bipy)3]2[Sn3Se7]2·(2,2′-bipy)·H2O monoclinic P21/c a=27.032 b=13.392 c=24.763 β=103.85° [58]
catena-[tris(ethylenediamine)-nickel hemikis(heptakis(μ-selenato)-selenato-tri-tin) hemikis(hexakis(μ-selenato)-selenato-tri-tin)] [Ni(en)3][Sn3Se6.5(Se2)0.5] orthorhombic Pca21 a =14.88 b =1.8872Å c =13.859 1.95 eV;chains of [Sn3Se7]n2n– and [Sn3Se6(Se)2]n2n– [2]
tris(ethylenediamine)-nickel(ii) tetrakis(μ-selanyl)-selanyl-di-tin [Ni(en)3][Sn2Se5] monoclinic P21/n a=8.7998 b=10.0736 c=22.655 β=90.763° [68]
[Ni(en)3]2[Sn2Se6] orthorhombic a=15.288 b=11.937 c=19.239 3511.0 [46]
catena-[tris(ethylenediamine)-nickel heptakis(μ-selenato)-tri-tin] [Ni(en)3][Sn3Se7] monoclinic P21/n a=12.32 b=13.19 c=15.73 β=101.07° band gap 2.01 eV [2]
catena-[tris(1,2-diaminoethane)-nickel(ii) pentakis(μ-selenido)-bis(selenido)-tri-tin(iv)] [Ni(en)3]Sn3Se7.5 orthorhombic Pca21 a 14.869 b 11.888 c 13.860 [52]
tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-nickel tris[tetraselanato]-tin [Ni(en)3][Sn(Se4)3] triclinic P1 a 10.104 b 12.048 c 12.107, α 89.52° β 75.44° γ 75.78° [52]
phen = 1,10-phenanthroline

tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-nickel(ii) heptakis(μ-selenato)-tri-tin(iv) sesquihydrate

[Ni(phen)3]Sn3Se7·1.5H2O trigonal R3 a=13.971 c=38.281 [69]
[(Ni0.4Zn0.6)(en)6]Sn2Se6 [65]
catena-(tetrakis(1-n-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium) hemikis((μ2-triethylenetetramine)-bis(triethylenetetramine)-di-nickel) tris(μ3-selenido)-heptadecakis(μ2-selenido)-selenido-nona-tin) 2D-(Bmmim)8[Ni2(teta)2(μ-teta)]Sn18Se42 monoclinic P21/n a =18.9764 b= 25.1081 c =20.5731 β =100.870° [70]
teta = triethylenetetramine

(ethylenediamine)-(triethylenetetramine)-nickel(ii) (triethylenetetramine)-(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine)-nickel(ii) hexakis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-tetra-tin

[Ni(teta)(en)][Ni(teta)(hda)][Sn4Se10] monoclinic P21/n a 12.3191 b 17.7104 c 22.643 β 95.278° [70]
tepa=tetraethylenepentamine

catena-(tetrakis(1-n-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium) bis(chloro-(tetraethylenepentamine)-nickel) pentakis(μ3-selenido)-tricosakis(μ2-selenido)-(tetraethylenepentamine)-nickel-dodeca-tin)

2D-(Bmmim)4[Ni(tepa)Cl]2[Ni(tepa)Sn12Se28] monoclinic Pn a=21.2230 b=13.4993 c=23.8715 β =112.461° [70]
Bmmim=1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium 2D-(Bmmim)3[Ni(en)3]2[Sn9Se21]Cl monoclinic P21/c a 19.488 b 19.626 c 26.793 β 109.930° [53]
catena-(bis(1-n-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium) bis(tris(propane-1,2-diamine)-nickel) bis(bis(μ3-selenido)-heptakis(μ2-selenido)-tetra-tin)) 3D-(Bmmim)2[Ni(1,2-pda)3]Sn8Se18 trigonal R3c a=27.7913 c 47.4281 [70]
catena-[bis(N-(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-nickel sesquikis(3-butyl-1,2-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) hemikis(2-amino-N-(2-aminoethyl)ethylammonium) octadecakis(μ-selenido)-octa-tin] 2D-(Bmmim)2[Ni(teta)(en)][Sn3Se7]2 monoclinic P21/c a=31.088 b=10.5393 c=19.9712 β=99.966° [71]
catena-[(N,N'-bis(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-(ethane-1,2-diamine)-nickel bis(1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) tridecakis(μ-selenido)-selenido-hexa-tin] 3D-(Bmmim)1.5(dienH)0.5Ni(dien)2[Sn4Se9]2 monoclinic P21/c a=24.3753 b=13.3778 c=17.7885 β=93.949° [71]
[Ni(tren)(en)]SnSe3∙H2O 638.64 monoclinic P21/n a=12.8150 b=10.0094

c=15.6626 β=???? Z=4

1885.8 band gap [72]
bis((tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-(ethane-1,2-diamine)-nickel(ii)) bis(μ-sulfido)-tetrathiolato-di-tin dihydrate [Ni(tren)(en)]2[Sn2S6]·2H2O monoclinic P21/n a 12.7041 b 9.8000 c 15.3989 β 108.843° 3.23 eV [73]
bis((tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-(ethane-1,2-diamine)-nickel(ii)) bis(μ-sulfido)-tetrathiolato-di-tin hexahydrate [Ni(tren)(en)]2[Sn2S6]·6H2O monoclinic P21/c a 12.5580 b 9.7089 c 16.0359 β 91.827° 3.16 eV [73]
bis((tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-(cyclohexane-1,2-diamine)-nickel(ii)) bis(μ-sulfido)-tetrathiolato-di-tin trihydrate [Ni(tren)(1,2-dach)]2[Sn2S6]·3H2O triclinic P1 a 9.8121 b 10.0080 c 12.422, α 86.38° β 79.65° γ 65.71° 3.43 eV [73]
bis((tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-(cyclohexane-1,2-diamine)-nickel(ii)) bis(μ-sulfido)-tetrathiolato-di-tin tetrahydrate [Ni(tren)(1,2-dach)]2[Sn2S6]·4H2O monoclinic P21/c a 10.7119 b 19.0797 c 11.1005 β 104.803° 3.29 eV [73]
bis((tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-(propane-1,2-diamine)-nickel(ii)) bis(μ-sulfido)-tetrathiolato-di-tin tetrahydrate [Ni(tren)(1,2-dap)]2[Sn2S6]·4H2O monoclinic C2/c a 14.3925 b 15.1550 c 18.9307 β 99.108° 3.32 eV [73]
bis((tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-(2-(aminomethyl)pyridine)-nickel(ii)) bis(μ-sulfido)-tetrathiolato-di-tin decahydrate [Ni(tren)(2amp)]2[Sn2S6]·10H2O monoclinic P21/n a 12.1933 b 13.4025 c 14.8920 β 103.090° 3.28 eV [73]
L1 = 1,8-dimethyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexaazacyclotetradecane [Ni(L1)][Ni(L1)Sn2S6]n·2H2O monoclinic P21/c a 11.6481 b 14.4268 c 10.8450 β 95.449° brown [74]
L2 = 1,8-diethyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexaazacyclotetradecane [Ni(L2)]2[Sn2S6]·4H2O triclinic P1 a 9.1562 b 10.3705 c 12.2897 α 66.761° β 85.350° γ 81.308° [74]
(μ2-triethylenetetramine)-bis(triethylenetetramine)-di-nickel(ii) tetrachloride dihydrate [Ni2(trien)2(μ-trien)]Cl4·2H2O orthorhombic Pbca a 13.737 b 13.089 c 18.193 [67]
bis(tris(2,2'-bipyridine)-nickel(ii)) heptakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin(iv) hexakis(μ-selenido)-selenido-tri-tin(iv) 2,2'-bipyridine monohydrate [Ni(2,2′-bipy)3]2[Sn3Se7]2·(2,2′-bipy)·H2O monoclinic P 21/c a=26.999 b=13.383 c=24.714 β=103.89° [58]
Cu2SnSe4 F3m thermoelectric [75]
(1,4-dabH2)Cu2SnSe4 orthorhombic P42/n a=14.956 b=14.956 c=12.017 [57]
Na6Cu8Sn3Se13 cubic Fm3c a =18.4754 [76]
[Cu2SnSe5][Mn(Hen)2(en)] monoclinic P21/c a 9.640 b 21.04 c 10.611 β 100.72° 1.49 eV [77]
[(Mn1.67Zn0.33)(en)6]Sn2Se6 [65]
K2Cu2Sn2Se6 monoclinic C2/c Z=8 black; band gap 1.04 eV [78]
Copper zinc tin selenide Cu2ZnSnSe4 black; photovoltaic 11.6% efficient [29]
catena-[tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-zinc(ii) (μ-diselenido)-hexakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin] [Zn(en)3]Sn3Se6(Se2) monoclinic P21/n a 11.949 b 14.060 c 15.794 β 100.39° [52]
tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)-zinc(ii) tris[tetraselanato]-tin [Zn(en)3][Sn(Se4)3] triclinic P1 a 10.156 b 12.096 c 12.109, α 89.64° β 75.49° γ 75.87° [52]
Zn2(en)2(μ4-SnSe4) tetragonal I41/a a =7.8032 c =31.528 [53]
tetrakis(μ-selenido)-bis(selenido)-bis(N,N-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-di-tin(iv)-di-zinc(ii) {Zn(tren)}2(μ-Sn2Se6) monoclinic C2/c a 12.414 b 9.846 c 23.970° β 102.395° 2861.5 band gap 2.38 eV [79]
tetrakis(μ-selenido)-bis(selenido)-bis(bis(2-(2-aminoethyl)aminoethyl)amine)-di-tin(iv)-di-zinc(ii) {Zn(tepa)}2(μ-Sn2Se6) tetragonal I41/a a=26.6205 c =10.0533 7124.3 band gap 2.31 eV [79]
catena-[bis(dimethylammonium) octakis(μ-selenido)-tri-tin(iv)-zinc(ii)] [(Me)2NH2]2ZnSn3Se8 monoclinic C2 a=10.961 b=11.056 c=9.683 β=105.17° [80]
(Me4N)2Zn[Sn4Se10] [81]
DBN=1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene [DBNH]2[ZnSnSe4] tetragonal P42/ncm a=13.033 c 6.548 band gap 2.42 eV [62]
K2ZnSn3Se8 monoclinic P21 a 7.639 b 12.400 c 18.384 β 98.13° band gap 2.10 eV [82]
Cu2ZnSnSe4 [75]
[NH4]2Ga4Se8Sn4 monoclinic P21/c a 7.582 b 12.501 c 18.377 β 96.43° [83]
catena-(1-ethylpyridinium hexakis(μ-selenido)-gallium-di-tin hydrate) H3CCH2NC5H5GaSn2Se6 ∙ 0.25H2O tetragonal I41/a a=26.401 c =10.464 orange [84]
x~0.25 Na2−xGa2−xSn1+xSe6 monoclinic C2 a=13.308 b=7.594 c=13.842 β=118.730° 1226.7 [85]
K3Ga6Sn6Se12 cubic Pa3 a=13.5555 Z=12 2490.8 4.347 colourless [86]
KGaSnSe4 cubic Pa3 a=13.5555 Z=12 2490.8 4.347 orange [86]
[(TEPA)Mn]2+4[Sn4Ga4Zn2Se20]8− tetragonal P4b2 a=17.4951 c 13.5849 [87]
(Et4N)2[Sn6Se10Br6] monoclinic P21/n a = 14.0826 b = 14.1904 c = 24.277 β = 92.809° Z = 4 4845.6 [88]
Rb2Sn2Se5 monoclinic C2/c a=11.555 b=8.478 c=12.030 β=108.60 Z=4 1117 4.78 black; oxygen sensitive [89]
Rb4Sn4Se10·1.5H2O R3 a 15.539 c 21.373 [39]
Rb2Cu2Sn2Se6 monoclinic C2/c Z=8 black; band gap 1.04 eV [78]
RbGaSnSe4 cubic Pa3 a=13.7200 2582.63 4.550 orange [86]
Rb2Sn4Se9-H2O orthorhombic Pnma a=13.298 b=12.418 c=12.563 [90]
Rb2MnSn3Se8 monoclinic P21 a 7.7864 b 12.6343 c 18.4878 β 95.810° [91]
Rb2MnSnSe4 monoclinic P21/n a=8.6015 b=10.956 c=10.675 β=90° [92]
Rb4Cu8Sn3S12 cubic Fm3c a=18.0851 [93]
(H3O)RbCu6Sn2S8 tetragonal I4/m a=14.8834 c=7.6466 [93]
SrZnSnSe4 orthorhombic Fdd2 a 21.6984 b 21.873 c 13.1140 [94]
catena-[(μ-hydroxo)-bis(μ-selenido)-(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-selenido-tin-yttrium] [Y2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Sn2Se6] orthorhombic Pbca a=12.4190 b=13.6062 c=20.6569 Z=8 2.467 orange [95]
bis(bis(μ2-hydroxo)-bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-dichloro-di-yttrium) hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-tetra-tin tetrahydrate [Y2(tepa)2(μ2-OH)2Cl2]2[Sn4Se10]·4H2O tetragonal I41/a a=28.24 c=10.940 2.025 yellow [95]
Ru(bpy)3[Sn4Se9] 1755.02 trigonal R3c a=27.240 c=31.01 Z=18 19927 2.632 dark red [96]
β-Ag8SnSe6 Pmn21 [4]
[NH4]3AgSn3Se8 tetragonal P4/nbm a=8.2155 c=13.413 thermochromic: gold-darkred-gold [4][80]
[NH4]4Ag12Sn7Se22 monoclinic C2/c a=52.634 b=6.8175 c=13.5176 β=99.955 Z=4 4959.1 5.270 black; band gap 1.21 eV [4][97]
[(Me)2NH2]0.75[Ag1.25SnSe3] tetragonal P421m a=13.998 c=8.685 Z=8 1701.9 4.403 dark red; band gap 1.85 eV [4][98]
[CH3NH3]2[H3O]Ag5Sn4Se12·C2H5OH tetragonal P421m a=13.6350 c 9.1491 Z=8 band gap 1.80 eV [4][80]
catena-[bis(methylammonium) dimethylammonium dodecakis(μ-selenido)-penta-silver-tetra-tin] [NH3CH3]0.5[NH2(CH3)2]0.25Ag1.25SnSe3 tetragonal P421m b =13.7193 c 9.0964 4.019 [99]
[bmmim]7[AgSn12Se28] triclinic P1 band gap 2.2 eV [4]
heptakis(1,2-dimethyl-3-propyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(μ3-selenido)-hexacosakis(μ2-selenido)-dodeca-tin-silver [Mmpmim]7Ag5Sn4Se12∙3H2O triclinic P1 a 10.8983 b 13.5554 c 23.091 α 88.904° β 86.700° γ 68.230° [11]
catena-[N1-(2-azaniumylethyl)ethane-1,2-bis(aminium) dodeca-selenium-tetra-tin-penta-silver trihydrate] [H3dien][Ag5Sn4Se12]∙3H2O P421 a =14.2623 b =14.2623 c =9.3022 [100]
K2Ag2SnSe4 P2/c band gap 1.8 eV [4]
K2Ag2Sn2Se6 P4/mmc [4]
K3AgSn3Se8 P4/nbm band gap 1.8 eV [4]
[Mn(NH3)6][Ag4Mn4Sn3Se13] orthorhombic F43c a 19.1263Å b 19.1263Å c 19.1263 [101]
catena-(2-aminoethylammonium bis(μ4-sulfido)-bis(μ3-sulfido)-tin-di-copper-silver) [enH][Cu2AgSnS4] orthorhombic Pnma a=19.726 b=7.8544 c=6.5083 Z=4 1008.35 3.577 red [102]
[Zn(NH3)6][Ag4Zn4Sn3Se13] orthorhombic F43c a=18.9679 b=18.9679 c=18.9679 [101]
(1,4-dabH2)Cu1.72Ag0.28SnSe4 tetragonal P42/n a=14.990 c=12.059 band gap 2.43 eV [103]
Rb3AgSn3Se8 P4/nbm band gap 1.8 eV [4]
Li6.4Cd4.8Sn4Se16 orthorhombic Pna21 a=14.400 b=8.399 c=6.787 band gap 1.95 eV [104]
tetrakis(2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-5-ium) bis(μ3-diselenido)-undecakis(μ2-selenido)-tri-cadmium-tetra-tin [DBNH]4[Cd3Sn4Se11(Se2)2] monoclinic C2/c a=22.236 b=12.623 c=21.756 β=109.91° [105]
Cd(tren)SnSe3 triclinic P1 a=7.752 b=8.128 c=12.467, α=97.299° β=103.639° γ=107.325° Z=2 712.1 2.865 [106]
K2CdSnSe4 625.16 tetragonal I42m a=8.084 c=6.920 452.24 photocatalyst [107]
Cu2CdSnSe4 [75]
catena-(1-ethylpyridinium hexakis(μ-selenido)-indium-di-tin hydrate) CH3CH2NC5H5InSn2Se6 ∙ 0.25H2O tetragonal I41/a a=26.946 c =10.283 orange [84]
[NH4]2[In2Sn2Se8] tetragonal I4/mcm a=b 8.3731 c 6.719
catena-[tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-cobalt octakis(μ-selenido)-di-indium-di-tin cyclohexylamine solvate tetrahydrate] Co(phen)3In2Sn2Se8 ∙ C6H11NH2 ∙ 4H2O monoclinic P21/n a=15.610 b=24.238 c=15.828 β=107.04° Z=4 5726 2.169 orange [108]
tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-nickel octakis(μ-selenido)-di-indium-di-tin cyclohexylamine solvate tetrahydrate Ni(phen)3In2Sn2Se8 ∙ C6H11NH2 monoclinic P21/n a=15.574 b=24.083 c=15.804 β=107.11° Z=4 5665 2.192 orange [108]
RbInSnSe4 cubic Pa3 a=13.9728 Z=12 2728.04 4.637 red; air sensitive [109]
RbInSnSe4 monoclinic P21/c a= 7.8104 b= 12.6533 c= 18.7062

β= 96.297

1837.52 4.589 orange [109]
Cs2Sn2Se5 . H2O orthorhombic Ama2 a =12.05 b =12.405 c =9.426 [7]
Cs2Sn2Se5 
Cs2Sn2Se6 triclinic P1 a =7.129 b =7.285 c =7.965, α =95.8° β =115.38° γ =108.46° [90]
Cs2Sn3Se7 monoclinic C2/c a = 23.214, b = 13.679, c =14,657, β= 111.92°, Z = 8, 4317 red; SnSe5 trigonal bipyramids connected in sheets [4][27]
Cs4Sn2Se6 yellow; tetrahedral edge-shared pairs [27]
Cs4Sn4Se10·3.2H2O triclinic P1 a=7.235 b=9.468 c=11.235 α=68.77° β=83.25° γ=84.53° [39]
Cs2Sn4Se9-H2O orthorhombic Pnma a =13.514 b =12.54 c =12.679 [90]
(4,7,13,16,21,24-Hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo(8.8.8)hexacosane)-potassium tris(μ3-selenido)-tris(μ2-selenido)-bis(1,2-ethylenediamine-N)-(4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo(8.8.8)hexacosane)-di-cesium-potassium-di-tin(iv) [K-(2,2,2-crypt)]2Cs2Sn2Se6·2en triclinic P1 a=10.0019 b=13.8929 c=24.478 α=100.204° β=95.701° γ=90.147° [43]
Cs[Cr(en)2SnSe4] 739.67 monoclinic P21/n a=7.6800 b=13.1483 c=15.7069 β=91.176° Z=4 1585.7 3.098 black [110]
Cs2MnSnSe4 orthorhombic Fddd a=6.4075 b=14.416 c=24.820 [92]
Cs2MgSn3Se8 orthorhombic P212121 a 7.9055 b 12.7661 c 18.474 [111]
Cs2MnSn3Se8 orthorhombic P212121 a 7.8798 b 12.7040 c 18.4556 [91]
Mn4Cs10Se17Sn4 ∙ 15.5H2O triclinic P1 a 13.717 b 15.502 c 18.481 α 77.02° β 74.35° γ 69.71° Z=2 3512 3.418 red [56]
Zn4Cs10Se17Sn4 ∙ 17H2O triclinic P1 a 13.537 b 15.256 c 18.41, α 76.98° β 73.78° γ 69.57° Z=2 3386 3.577 yellow [56]
Cs2ZnSn3Se8 orthorhombic P212121 a 7.8146 b 12.6534 c 18.3747 [111]
CsGaSnSe4 orthorhombic Pmcn a 7.6785Å b 12.655Å c 18.278 [85]
Cd4Cs10Se17Sn4 ∙ 17H2O triclinic P1 a 17.8678 b 17.7949 c 23.5518 α 98.682° β 105.75° γ 90.307° Z=4 7116 3.617 yellow [56]
Cs2CdSn3Se8 orthorhombic P212121 a 7.9335 b 12.7336 c 18.5387 [111]
CsInSnSe4 cubic Pa3 a=14.1932 Z=12 2959.2 4.755 red; air sensitive [109]
Ba2SnSe4 709.21 monoclinic P21/c a 8.582 b 9.255 c 12.460 β 114.28° Z=4 902.2 5.221 orange [112]
α-Ba2SnSe5 orthorhombic P212121 dark brown [113]
β-Ba2SnSe5 monoclinic P21/c a = 9.3949 b = 8.8656 c = 12.5745 β = 113.299° Z = 4 961.9 high temperature; red [113]
m-Ba2SnSe5 monoclinic P121/c1 a = 21.17189 b = 9.0915 c = 24.7141 β = 125.621° [114]
Ba6Sn6Se13 orthorhombic P212121 a 9.2998 b 12.384 c 26.896 Z=4 3097.8 5.495 black; 1.52 eV [115]
Li2Ba7Sn4Se16 cubic I43d a=15.1628 Z=4 3486.1 5.170 ? red [116]
Na2Ba7Sn4Se16 cubic I43d a=14.807 Z=4 3246 4.082 red [116]
BaZnSnSe4 orthorhombic Fdd2 a 22.2402 b 22.7047 c 13.1972 6664.0 5.081 red; band gap 1.95 eV [117]
BaGa2SnSe6 trigonal R3 a = 10.145 c = 9.249 Z = 3 824.4 5.253 red

NLO 5.2 × AgGaS2 at 2.09 μm birefringence 0.1649 at 1.064 μm

[118]
Ba4Ga4SnSe12 band gap 2.14 [119]
BaAg2SnSe4 orthorhombic I222 a=7.10 b=7.47 c=8.30 band gap 0.2 eV [4][120]
BaCdSnSe4 684.27 orthorhombic Fdd2 a 22.38 b 22.71 c 13.588 Z=32 6907 5.265 orange [112]
catena-(hexakis(μ2-selenido)-(N-(2-(amino)ethyl)-N'-(2-((2-(amino)ethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diaminato)-di-tin-lanthanum hemihydrate) (H3O)[La(tepa)(μ-1κ2:2κ2-Sn2Se6)] monoclinic C2/c a=13.845 b=9.805 c=22.010 β=105.949° [121]
tetrakis(μ-selenido)-bis(3,6,9,12-tetraazatetradecane-1,14-diamine)-nitrato-chloro-di-lanthanum(iii)-tin {La(peha)(Cl)}{La(peha)(NO3)}(μ-1κ2:2κ2-SnSe4)] triclinic P1 a 8.411 b 14.760 c 16.244 α 92.57° β 91.95° γ 102.18° Z=2 1967.3 2.15 light yellow [122]
2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diyldiimino)diethanaminium tetrakis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(triethylenetetramine )-diselenido-di-tin-di-lanthanum(iii) bis(μ-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin monohydrate [H2trien][{La(trien)2}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)][Sn2Se6]·H2O monoclinic P21/c a=14.903 b=16.763 c=16.552 β=101.231° Z=2 4056 2.01 orange [122]
[{La(dien)2}4(μ4-Sn2Se9)(μ-Sn2Se6)]∞ triclinic P1 a 10.253 b 13.061 c 15.847 α 80.62° β 73.59° γ 88.60° Z=1 2007.9 2.514 red [123]
[La2(en)8(μ-Se2)]Sn2Se monoclinic P21/n a 10.079 b 14.843 c 14.918 β 90.599° Z=2 2231.7 2.422 yellow [123]
La3AgSnSe7 P63 [4]
catena-(hexakis(μ2-Selenido)-(tetraethylenepentamine)-cerium-di-tin monohydrate) (H3O)[Ce(tepa)(μ-1κ2:2κ2-Sn2Se6)] monoclinic C2/c a=13.852 b=9.802 c=22.035 β=105.98° [124]
tetrakis(μ2-Selenido)-bis(triethylenetetramine)-bis(tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-diselenido-di-cerium-di-tin bis((2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)(2-aminoethyl)ammonium) bis(μ2-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin [Htrien]2[{Ce(trien)(tren)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)] triclinic P1 a 9.832 b 10.584 c 18.091, α 90.097° β 92.448° γ 94.500° [124]
[{Ce(dien)2}4(μ4-Sn2Se9)(μ-Sn2Se6)]∞ triclinic P1 a 10.2333 b 13.0790 c 15.7663, α 80.422° β 73.738° γ 88.376° Z=1 1997.1 2.532 orange [125]
[{Ce(en)4}2(μ-Se2)]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 10.094 b 16.616 c 13.397 β 101.878° Z=2 2198.9 2.462 light yellow [125]
BaCeSn2Se6 orthorhombic Pmc21 a=4.1908 b=20.749 c=12.406 [126]
tetrakis(μ2-Selenido)-bis(triethylenetetramine)-bis(tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)-diselenido-di-neodymium-di-tin bis((2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)(2-aminoethyl)ammonium) bis(μ2-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin [Htrien]2[{Pr(trien)(tren)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)] triclinic P1 a 9.842 b 10.578 c 18.080, α 90.065° β 92.532° γ 94.511° [124]
catena-[(μ-hydroxo)-bis(μ-selenido)-(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-selenido-tin-praseodymium] [Pr2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Sn2Se6] orthorhombic Pbca a=12.450 b=13.617 c=21.005 Z=8 2.622 orange [95]
[{Pr(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 10.197 b 11.7622 c 15.497 β 98.967° Z=2 1835.9 2.510 yellow [125]
catena-(bis(μ2-hydroxo)-tetrakis(μ2-selenido)-bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-diselenido-di-neodymium-di-tin) [{Nd(tepa)(μ-OH)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)] orthorhombic Pbca a=12.485 b=13.601 c=20.917 [121]
[{Nd(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 10.176 b 11.772 c 15.470 β 99.128° Z=2 1829.8 2.531 yellow [125]
[{Nd(dien)2}4(μ4-Sn2Se9)(μ-Sn2Se6)]∞ triclinic P1 a 10.184 b 12.979 c 15.751, α 80.448° β 73.991° γ 88.552° Z=1 1973.1 2.576 red [125]
ethane-1,2-diaminium tris(N-(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-samarium 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate) [Hen][Sm(dien)3]Sn2Se6 triclinic P1 a=10.044 b=12.803 c=15.811 α=66.32° β=72.86° γ=68.35° [127]
bis(bis(N,N-bis(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-chloro-samarium) hemikis(N,N-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine) bis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-di-tin [Sm(trien)(tren)(Cl)]2Sn2Se6·0.5en triclinic P1 a=10.348 b=10.575 c=14.043 α=77.26° β=87.78° γ=61.410° [127]
bis(N,N'-bis(2-(amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-bis(ethane-1,2-diamine)-bis(μ-hydroxy)di-samarium 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate) [{Sm(en)(trien)}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 triclinic P1 a=10.044 b=12.803 c=15.811, α=66.32° β=72.86° γ=68.35° [127]
catena-[bis(μ-selenido)-(μ-hydroxo)-(3,6,9-triazaundecan-1,11-diamine)-selenido-samarium-tin hemihydrate] [{Sm(tepa)(μ-OH)}2 (μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)]n·nH2O monoclinic C2/c a=22.944 b=11.946 c=18.907 β=125.53° Z=4 4217 2.27 yellow [122]
[Hdien][Sm(dien)2(μ-SnSe4)] monoclinic P2/c a 10.185 b 9.471 c 13.808 β 102.256° [128]
Eu8(Sn4Se14)(Se3)2 orthorhombic P21212 a = 11.990 b = 16.425 c = 8.543 [129]
catena-[bis(μ-selenido)-(μ-hydroxo)-(3,6,9-triazaundecan-1,11-diamine)-selenido-europium-tin hemihydrate] [{Eu(tepa)(μ-OH)}2 (μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)]n·nH2O monoclinic C2/c a=22.904 b=11.981 c=18.894 β=125.52° Z=4 4220 2.28 yellow [122]
[Hdien][Eu(dien)2(μ-SnSe4)] monoclinic P2/c a 10.185 b 9.453 c 13.791 β 102.165° [128]
[Eu2(dien)4(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 12.027 b 11.802 c 13.827 β 99.179° [128]
[{Eu(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a = 10.136 b = 11.771 c = 15.423 β = 99.322° Z = 2 1815.8 [130]
catena-(bis(μ2-hydroxo)-tetrakis(μ2-selenido)-bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-diselenido-di-gadolinium-di-tin monohydrate) [{Gd(tepa)(μ-OH)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)]·H2O monoclinic C2/c a=22.82 b=11.975 c=18.918 β=125.975° [121]
[{Gd(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a 9.993 b 11.842 c 15.313° β 99.979° Z=2 1784.6 2.643 yellow [125]
[Hdien][Gd(dien)2(μ-SnSe4)] monoclinic P21/c a 10.300 b 9.426 c 13.875 β 101.678° Z=2 1319.3 2.271 red [125]
[Gd(dap)4]2[Sn2Se6]Cl2 monoclinic P21/c a=10.2385 b=14.1276 c=18.068 β =102.745° [131]
[{Tb(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 1423.62 monoclinic P21/n a=10.120 b=11.781 c=15.403 β=99.534° Z=2 1811.1 2.611 [132]
bis(tetrakis(propane-1,2-diamine)-terbium) dichloride bis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-di-tin monohydrate [Tb(dap)4]2[Sn2Se6]Cl2·H2O monoclinic P21/c a=10.240 b=14.116 c=18.030 β=102.808° [131]
catena-[bis(μ2-selenido)-(μ2-hydroxo)-(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-selenido-dysprosium-tin] [Dy2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Sn2Se6] orthorhombic Pbca a=12.4132 b=13.5901 c=20.6722 Z=8 2.759 orange [95]
bis(bis(μ2-hydroxo)-bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-dichloro-di-dysprosium) hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-tetra-tin tetrahydrate [Dy2(tepa)2(μ2-OH)2Cl2]2[Sn4Se10]·4H2O tetragonal I41/a a=28.2390 c=11.0380 2.229 yellow [95]
[Dy2(en)6(μ2-OH)2][Sn2Se6] [133]
bis(tetrakis(propane-1,2-diamine)-dysprosium) dichloride bis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-di-tin monohydrate [Dy(dap)4]2[Sn2Se6]Cl2·H2O monoclinic P21/c a=10.214 b=14.118 c=18.000 β=102.798° [131]
bis(tetrakis(Propane-1,2-diamine)-holmium chloride) 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate) [Ho(dap)4]2[Sn2Se6]Cl2 monoclinic P21/c a=10.1839 b=14.1303 c=18.0100 β=102.571° Z=4 2529.5 yellow [134]
bis(μ2-Hydroxo)-tetrakis(diethylenetriamine)-di-holmium 1,3,2,4-diselenadistannetane-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(selenolate) {[Ho(dien)2]2(μ2-OH)2}[Sn2Se6] monoclinic P21/n a=12.0096 b=11.7181 c=13.7717 β=99.138° Z=2 1913.5 2.586 yellow [134]
bis(bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-dichloro-bis(μ-hydroxo)-di-holmium) tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]tetrastannaselenane-1,3,5,7-tetrakis(selenolate) tetrahydrate [Ho2(tepa)2(μ2-OH)2Cl2]2[Sn4Se10]·4H2O tetragonal I41/a a=28.076 c 10.948 8629.6 2.281 yellow; supertetrahedron [134]
catena-[bis(μ2-selenido)-(μ2-hydroxo)-(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-selenido-erbium-tin] [Er2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Sn2Se6] orthorhombic Pbca a=12.418 b=13.605 c=20.636 Z=8 2.778 orange [95]
bis(bis(μ2-hydroxo)-bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-dichloro-di-erbium) hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-tetra-tin tetrahydrate [Er2(tepa)2(μ2-OH)2Cl2]2[Sn4Se10]·4H2O tetragonal I41/a a=28.1622 c=11.0089 2.261 yellow [95]
[Er2(en)6(μ2-OH)2][Sn2S6] monoclinic P21/n a 9.951 b 11.860 c 15.278 β 100.239° [133]
bis(tetrakis(propane-1,2-diamine)-erbium) dichloride bis(μ-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-di-tin monohydrate [Er(dap)4]2[Sn2Se6]Cl2·H2O monoclinic P21/c a=10.204 b=14.176 c=18.041 β=102.530° [131]
catena-[(μ-hydroxo)-bis(μ-selenido)-(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-selenido-tin-thulium [Tm2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Sn2Se6] orthorhombic Pbca a=12.399 b=13.518 c=20.504 Z=8 2.820 orange [95]
bis(bis(μ2-hydroxo)-bis(N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine)-dichloro-di-thulium) hexakis(μ2-selenido)-tetrakis(selenido)-tetra-tin tetrahydrate [Tm2(tepa)2(μ2-OH)2Cl2]2[Sn4Se10]·4H2O tetragonal I41/a a=28.2080 c=11.0142 2.258 yellow [95]
[Hen]4[Tm(en)4]2[Ag6Sn6S20]·3en monoclinic C2/m a 14.517 b 24.380 c 13.422 β 94.46° [135]
catena-((μ2-Hydroxo)-bis(μ2-selenido)-selenide-(tetraethylenepentamine)-tin-ytterbium hemihydrate) [{Yb(tepa)(μ-OH)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)]·H2O monoclinic C2/c a=21.255 b=12.835 c=17.633 β=125.41° [124]
bis(μ2-Hydroxo)-tetrakis(diethylenetriamine)-di-ytterbium bis(μ2-selenido)-tetraselenido-di-tin [{Yb(dien)2}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6 monoclinic P21/n a=12.026 b=11.666 c=13.819 β=98.971° Z=4 [124]
DBU=1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene

catena-(bis(2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-Octahydropyrimido(1,2-a)azepin-1-ium) bis(μ3-selenido)-pentakis(μ2-selenido)-di-mercury)

[DBUH]2[Hg2Sn2Se6(Se2)] triclinic P1 a 10.390 b 12.244 c 13.977 α 86.58° β 79.51° γ 70.14° Z=2 1644.3 3.025 yellow [136]
catena-(bis(2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-Octahydro-1H-pyrimido(1,2-a)azepin-5-ium) (μ3-diselenido)-(μ3-selenido)-pentakis(μ2-selenido)-di-mercury-di-tin) [DBUH]2[Hg2Sn2Se5(Se2)] monoclinic P21/c a=14.7289 b=18.6045 c=13.5200 β=111.571 3445.33 3.040 red [136]
(tetrakis(2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-5-ium) bis(μ3-diselenido)-undecakis(μ2-selenido)-tri-mercury-tetra-tin [DBNH]4[Hg3Sn4Se11(Se2)2] monoclinic C2/c a 22.137 b 12.663 c 21.780° β 109.48° [105]
DBN=1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene [DBNH]2[HgSnSe4] tetragonal P42/ncm a=12.8605 c 6.85560 band gap 2.46 eV [62]
Li4HgSn2Se7 monoclinic Cc a 18.286b 7.197 c 10.809 β 93.44° red [137]
Li2HgSnSe4 orthorhombic Pna21 a=14.458 b=8.378 c=6.8215 Z=4 826.3 5.217 red; SHG 6.0 × AgGaS2 [138]
Na2HgSn2Se6 tetragonal I4/mcm a=7.8571 c=20.214 [139]
Na2Hg3Sn2Se8 1516.81 tetragonal P4c2 a=9.3749 c=9.790 Z=2 860.5 5.854 red [138]
K2HgSnSe4 tetragonal I4/mcm a=8.0531Å c=6.9501 [140]
phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; eta = ethanolamine [Fe(phen)3]Hg2Sn2Se7·1.5eta·0.25H2O triclinic P1 a 13.0238 b 13.6275 c 14.4626 α 81.104° β 88.117° γ 82.840° [141]
teta = triethylenetetramine [Ni2(teta)2(μ-teta)]HgSn3Se9 orthorhombic Pmc21 a 22.731 b 13.2151 c 14.6495 [141]
SrHgSnSe4 orthorhombic Fdd2 a 21.9027 b 21.9059 c 13.5010 SHG 5 × AgGaS2 [142]
Cs2HgSn3Se8 orthorhombic P212121 a 7.9196 b 12.6657 c 18.5375 [111]
BaHgSnSe4 orthorhombic Fdd2 a 22.441 b 22.760 c 13.579 SHG 5 × AgGaS2 [142]
Tl4Sn2Se6 tetrahedral edge-shared pairs [27]
TlGaSnSe4 monoclinic P21/c a=7.501 b= 12.175 c= 18.203

β= 97.164 Z=8

1649.4 5.646 red [86]
TlGaSnSe4 cubic Pa3 a=13.4755 Z=12 2447.0 5.770 red [86]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Krebs, Bernt; Hürter, Hans-Ulrich (March 1980). "Selenostannate aus wäßriger Lösung: Darstellung und Struktur von Na4SnSe4 · 16 H2O". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). 462 (1): 143–151. doi:10.1002/zaac.19804620115. ISSN 0044-2313.
  2. ^ a b c d Cai, Ting; Zhu, Jian-Nan; Cheng, Fang-Fang; Li, Peng; Li, Wei; Zhao, Ming-Yu; Xiong, Wei-Wei (January 2019). "Growing crystalline selenidostannates in deep eutectic solvent". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 484: 214–218. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2018.09.046. S2CID 105120366.
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