Silesian Gorals
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Poland and Czech Republic: Cieszyn Silesia | |
| Languages | |
| Jablunkov subdialect, Cieszyn Silesian dialect, Polish, Czech | |
| Religion | |
| Roman Catholic, Lutheran (Wisła) | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Gorals and Silesians |
Silesian Gorals[a] are a subgroup of the Gorals living in the Silesian Beskids and Moravian-Silesian Beskids within the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. They are one of the four major ethnographic groups of Cieszyn Silesia.[1]
History
[edit]Vlach colonization of the Silesian Beskids began in the late 15th century, roughly around the time when Brenna was first mentioned in 1490. It peaked in the following two centuries. The group shares many cultural traits with other Gorals of the Western Carpathians, stemming from a common way of living from shepherding in mountainous pastures, but they are also characterised by various different cultural and spiritual elements like dialect, beliefs, customs, costume, etc.
Wincenty Pol in his survey of Gorals in the middle of the 19th century subdivided Silesian Gorals into four groups:[2]
- Breniacy – in Brenna.
- Wiślanie – in Wisła.
- Jabłonkowianie (Jablunkov Gorals) – in mountain villages around Jablunkov (Polish: Jabłonków)[b] including Koniaków, Jaworzynka, Istebna,[c] Bukovec (Bukowiec), Mosty, Písek (Piosek), Dolní, and Horní Lomná (Łomna Dolna i Górna).[d]
- Morawianie (Moravians) – in the villages of Krásná, Morávka and Pražmo. Their dialect is transitional between the Polish and Czech language (see also: Moravians and Lach dialects).
Gorolski Święto is an annual international culture and folklore festival held in Jablunkov, aimed at presenting the folklore of the local Gorals.
Gallery
[edit]-
Henryk Jastrzembski: Gorals in Istebna (1846) -
Henryk Jastrzembski: Gorals in Brenna (1848) -
Henryk Jastrzemski: A Goral in Wisła (1848) -
Gorol men's choir from Jablunkov during a parade of PZKO (2007) -
Traditional Gorol wooden house (drzewiónka) in Silesian Beskids
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Polish: Górale śląscy; Czech: Slezští Goralé; Cieszyn Silesian: Gorole; lit. 'highlanders' – from the Polish word góra 'mountain'
- ^ Important to note is that the town was inhabited by a different ethnographic group, called Jacki
- ^ Koniaków, Jaworzynka and Istebna are now a part of Poland.
- ^ Villages now part of the Czech Republic.
References
[edit]- ^ Dembiniok, Marian (2010). O Góralach, Wałachach, Lachach i Jackach na Śląsku Cieszyńskim. REGIO. p. 3. ISBN 978-80-904230-4-6.
- ^ Pol, Wincenty (1851). Rzut oka na północne stoki Karpat. Kraków: Czcionkami drukarni Czasu. p. 120.
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