Spanish Republican government in exile

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Government of the Spanish Republic in exile Gobierno de la República Española en el exilio (Spanish)
1939–1977
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Plus Ultra "Further Beyond"
Anthem: Himno de Riego Anthem of Riego
Status	Government in exile
Capital	Madrid
Capital-in-exile	Paris (1939–1940; 1946–1977) Mexico City (1940–1946)
Common languages	Spanish
President
• 1939–1940 (first)	Diego Martínez Barrio
• 1970–1977 (last)	José Maldonado González
Prime Minister
• 1939–1945 (first)	Juan Negrín
• 1971–1977 (last)	Fernando Valera Aparicio [es]
Historical era	Interwar period Cold War
• Established	4 April 1939
• Disestablished	1 July 1977
Preceded by Succeeded by Second Spanish Republic Spanish transition to democracy
Today part of	Spain

The Government of the Spanish Republic in exile (Spanish: Gobierno de la República Española en el exilio) was a continuation, in exile, of the government of the Second Spanish Republic following the victory of Francisco Franco's forces in the Spanish Civil War. It existed until the restoration of parliamentary democracy in 1977.

Following the fall of the Republic in April 1939, the president of Spain, Manuel Azaña and the prime minister, Juan Negrín, went into exile in France. Azaña resigned his post and died in November 1940. He was succeeded as president by Diego Martínez Barrio, who had been prime minister in 1936. Following the occupation of France, the government was reconstituted in Mexico, which under the left-wing president Lázaro Cárdenas continued to recognise the Republic, although Negrín spent the war years in London. Negrín resigned as prime minister in 1945 and was succeeded by José Giral.

Until 1945, the exiled Republicans had high hopes that at the end of World War II in Europe, Franco's regime would be removed from power by the victorious Allies and that they would be able to return to Spain. When these hopes were disappointed, the government-in-exile faded away to a purely symbolic role. The government moved back to Paris in 1946. There was also a Basque government in exile and a Catalan government in exile.

In the immediate postwar period, it had diplomatic relations with Mexico, Panama, Guatemala, Venezuela, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Romania, and Albania,^[1] but the United States, the United Kingdom, France and the Soviet Union did not recognise it.^[2]

Following Franco's death in 1975, King Juan Carlos initiated a transition to democracy. In 1977, the exiled Republicans accepted the re-establishment of the monarchy and recognised Juan Carlos's government as the legitimate government of Spain. The key moment came when socialist leaders Felipe González and Javier Solana met Juan Carlos at Zarzuela Palace in Madrid — a tacit endorsement of the monarchy by the previously staunchly republican Socialists.

On 1 July 1977, the Government of the Spanish Republic was formally dissolved. In a gesture of reconciliation, Juan Carlos received the exiled leaders at a ceremony in Madrid.

#	Portrait	Name	President From	President Until	Political Party
		Diego Martínez Barrio Interim	March 3, 1939	May 11, 1940	Republican Union
		Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana Interim	May 11, 1940	August 17, 1945	Independent
1		Diego Martínez Barrio	August 17, 1945	January 1, 1962	Republican Union
2		Luis Jiménez de Asúa	January 1, 1962	November 16, 1970	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
3		José Maldonado González	November 16, 1970	July 1, 1977	Republican Left

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	President (Term)
			Took office	Left office	Days
		Juan Negrín (1892–1956)	31 March 1939	17 August 1945	2331	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Álvaro de Albornoz (1939–1945)
		José Giral (1879–1962)	17 August 1945	9 February 1947	541	Republican Left	Diego Martínez Barrio (1945–1962)
		Rodolfo Llopis (1895–1983)	9 February 1947	8 August 1947	180	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
		Álvaro de Albornoz (1879–1954)	8 August 1947	13 August 1951	1558	Republican Union
		Félix Gordón Ordás [es] (1885–1973)	13 August 1951	17 April 1960	3170	Republican Union
		Emilio Herrera (1879–1967)	17 April 1960	28 February 1962	682	Independent
		Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz (1893–1984)	28 February 1962	28 February 1971	3287	Republican Union	Luis Jiménez de Asúa (1962–1970)
		Fernando Valera Aparicio [es] (1899–1982)	28 February 1971	21 June 1977	2305	Republican Union	José Maldonado González (1970–1977)

• Spanish Maquis
• Republicanism in Spain
• Government-in-exile of José Giral
• Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with Francoist Spain
• Spanish Republican exiles

• Javier Rubio, Los reconocimientos diplomáticos del Gobierno de la República española en el exilio^{[permanent dead link]}