TAF9

TAF9
Identifiers
Aliases	TAF9, MGC:5067, STAF31/32, TAF2G, TAFII-31, TAFII-32, TAFII31, TAFII32, TAFIID32, TATA-box binding protein associated factor 9
External IDs	OMIM: 600822; MGI: 1888697; HomoloGene: 39986; GeneCards: TAF9; OMA:TAF9 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human)[1] Band 5q13.2 Start 69,362,026 bp[1] End 69,370,013 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse)[2] Band 13|13 D1 Start 100,788,087 bp[2] End 100,792,568 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in left testis right testis gonad islet of Langerhans rectum superior frontal gyrus prefrontal cortex monocyte dorsolateral prefrontal cortex olfactory zone of nasal mucosa Top expressed in spermatid spermatocyte testicle epiblast genital tubercle tail of embryo secondary oocyte zygote primary oocyte mesencephalon More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding ATPase binding transcription coactivator activity p53 binding C2H2 zinc finger domain binding histone acetyltransferase activity protein binding protein heterodimerization activity transcription factor binding RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity Cellular component transcription factor TFTC complex pre-snoRNP complex transcription factor TFIID complex MLL1 complex SAGA complex nucleus nucleoplasm Biological process response to interleukin-1 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator protein stabilization negative regulation of apoptotic process transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated cellular response to DNA damage stimulus positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus box C/D snoRNP assembly positive regulation of cell growth histone H3 acetylation DNA-templated transcription, initiation negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II snRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6880 108143 Ensembl ENSG00000273841 ENSG00000276463 ENSMUSG00000052293 UniProt Q16594 Q8VI33 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003187 NM_001015892 NM_001015889 NM_027139 RefSeq (protein) NP_001015892 NP_003178 NP_001015889 NP_081415 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 69.36 – 69.37 Mb Chr 13: 100.79 – 100.79 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa, also known as TAF9, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF9 gene.^[5][6]

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein complex that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the smaller subunits of TFIID that binds to the basal transcription factor GTF2B as well as to several transcriptional activators such as p53 and VP16. A similar but distinct gene (TAF9B) has been found on the X chromosome and a pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[5]

The 17-amino-acid-long trans-activating domains (TAD) of several transcription factors were reported to bind directly to TAF9: p53, VP16, HSF1, NF-IL6, NFAT1, NF-κB, and ALL1/MLL1.^[7] Inside of these 17 amino acids, a unique Nine-amino-acid transactivation domain (9aaTAD) was identified for each reported transcription factor.^[8] 9aaTAD is a novel domain common to a large superfamily of eukaryotic transcription factors represented by Gal4, Oaf1, Leu3, Rtg3, Pho4, Gln4, Gcn4 in yeast and by p53, NFAT, NF-κB and VP16 in mammals.^[9] TAF9 is supposed to be a universal transactivation cofactor for 9aaTAD transcription factors.^[8]

TAF9 has been shown to interact with:

• GCN5L2,^[10]
• Myc,^[11]
• SF3B3,^[10]
• SUPT7L,^[10]
• TADA3L,^[10]
• TAF5,^[10][12]
• TAF6L,^[10]
• TAF10,^[10]
• TAF12,^[10]
• TAF5L,^[10]
• TATA binding protein,^[10][13]
• Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog,^[10] and
• Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein.^[10]