Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Three prime repair exonuclease 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TREX2 gene .[ 5] [ 6]
This gene encodes a protein with 3' exonuclease activity. Enzymes with this activity are involved in DNA replication , repair, and recombination. Similarity to an E. coli protein suggests that this enzyme may be a subunit of DNA polymerase III , which does not have intrinsic exonuclease activity.[ 6]
Newer research has determined that TREX2 is also involved in flap endonuclease activity, as detected in the context of inhibiting gene-editing nickases that generate an extension flap such as prime editors that do not usually create a double-stranded break. This function was first demonstrated in a thesis by Lung in 2021,[ 7] [ 8] TREX2 has become incorporated into fusion enzymes for genetic engineering by multiple research groups for the purposes of reducing off-target edits which include chromosomal translocations and mismatched insertions.[ 9] [ 10]
Mutations in this gene may lead to Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome .
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