Vice-President of Egypt
| Vice-President of the Arab Republic of Egypt | |
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.svg) Arms of the Government | |
Incumbent since 14 August 2013Vacant | |
| Appointer | President of Egypt |
| Term length | No term limits |
| Formation | 7 March 1958 14 July 2013 (Interim) 23 April 2019 |
| First holder | Sabri al-Asali Akram al-Hawrani Abdel Latif Boghdadi Abdel Hakim Amer |
| Final holder | Mahmoud Mekki Mohamed ElBaradei (Interim) |
| Abolished | 26 December 2012 18 January 2014 (Interim) |
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| Constitution (history) |
| Political parties (former) |
 Egypt portal |
The vice-president of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a senior official within the Egyptian government.
History of the office
[edit]Before 1971
[edit]In 1962, President Gamal Abdel Nasser instituted collective leadership in Egypt, separating the post of Prime Minister from that of President and establishing a presidential council to deal with all issues formerly considered presidential prerogatives. Five of the council's 11 members were Vice-Presidents of Egypt.[1]
Under the 1971 Constitution
[edit]According to article 139 of the 1971 Constitution, the President "may appoint one or more Vice-Presidents define their jurisdiction and relieve them of their posts. The rules relating to the calling to account of the President of the Republic shall be applicable to the Vice-Presidents." The Constitution gave broad authority to the President to determine the number of Vice-Presidents, as well as their appointment, dismissal and duties of office.
After the 2011 amendments, the president should appointed a vice president 60 days after his inauguration.
Under the 2012 Constitution
[edit]The 2012 Constitution did not include the position of Vice-President.[2]
With the adoption of the 2012 Constitution on 26 December 2012, the office of Vice-President was abolished. Mahmoud Mekki was the last person to hold the office before the adoption of the 2012 Constitution, having resigned on 22 December 2012.
2013 coup d'état
[edit]After the overthrow of President Mohamed Morsi in the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, the position of the Vice-President was briefly restored (with extra-constitutional basic) by Acting President Adly Mansour, who appointed Mohamed ElBaradei to the post of Acting Vice-President on 7 July 2013.[3][4] He was sworn in on 14 July.[5] On 14 August 2013, following a violent crackdown by security forces on supporters of deposed President Morsi, in which more than 800 people were killed,[6] ElBaradei resigned as Acting Vice President.[7]
Under the 2014 Constitution
[edit]Much like the 2012 Constitution, until 2019, the 2014 Constitution also did not include the position of Vice-President.
After 2019 constitutional amendments
[edit]The office has since been restored following a constitutional referendum. President may appoint one or more vice presidents. The main duty of the vice presidents is to assist the president.[8]
List of officeholders
[edit]This list contains Vice-Presidents of United Arab Republic (1958–71, included Syria until the 1961 coup d'état) and Arab Republic of Egypt (1971–present).[9]
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Political party | President | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
 | Sabri al-Asali صبري العسلي (1903–1976) | 7 March 1958 | 7 October 1958 | 214 days | National Party | Nasser | |
 | Akram al-Hawrani أكرم الحوراني (1912–1996) | 7 March 1958 | 19 September 1960 | 2 years, 196 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) | Nasser | |
 | Abdel Latif Boghdadi عبد اللطيف البغدادي (1917–1999) | 7 March 1958 | 23 March 1964 | 6 years, 16 days | National Union (until 1962) | Nasser | |
| Arab Socialist Union | |||||||
 | Abdel Hakim Amer محمد عبد الحكيم عامر (1919–1967) | 7 March 1958 | 30 September 1965 | 7 years, 207 days | National Union (until 1962) | Nasser | |
| Arab Socialist Union | |||||||
.jpg) | Nur al-Din Kahala نور الدين كحالة (1908–1965) | 20 September 1960 | 18 October 1961 | 1 year, 28 days | National Union | Nasser | |
 | Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj عبد الحميد السراج (1925–2013) | 16 August 1961 | 18 October 1961 | 63 days | National Union | Nasser | |
 | Kamal el-Din Hussein كمال الدين حسين (1921–1999) | 16 August 1961 | 23 March 1964 | 2 years, 220 days | National Union (until 1962) | Nasser | |
| Arab Socialist Union | |||||||
 | Zakaria Mohieddin زكريا محيى الدين (1918–2012) | 16 August 1961 | 23 March 1964 | 2 years, 220 days | National Union (until 1962) | Nasser | |
| Arab Socialist Union | |||||||
 | Hussein el-Shafei حسين محمود حسن الشافعي (1918–2005) | 16 August 1961 | 30 September 1965 | 4 years, 45 days | National Union (until 1962) | Nasser | |
| Arab Socialist Union | |||||||
 | Anwar Sadat أنور السادات (1918–1981) | 17 February 1964 | 26 March 1964 | 38 days | Arab Socialist Union | Nasser | |
 | Hassan Ibrahim حسن ابراهيم (1917–1990) | 17 February 1964 | 27 January 1966 | 1 year, 344 days | Arab Socialist Union | Nasser | |
| | Zakaria Mohieddin زكريا محيى الدين (1918–2012) | 1 October 1965 | 20 March 1968 | 2 years, 171 days | Arab Socialist Union | Nasser | |
 | Ali Sabri على صبرى (1920–1991) | 1 October 1965 | 20 March 1968 | 2 years, 171 days | Arab Socialist Union | Nasser | |
| | Hussein el-Shafei حسين محمود حسن الشافعي (1918–2005) | 20 March 1968 | 16 January 1973 | 4 years, 302 days | Arab Socialist Union | Nasser Sadat | |
| | Anwar Sadat أنور السادات (1918–1981) | 19 December 1969 | 14 October 1970 | 299 days | Arab Socialist Union | Nasser | |
| | Ali Sabri على صبرى (1920–1991) | 30 October 1970 | 2 May 1971 | 184 days | Arab Socialist Union | Sadat | |
 | Mahmoud Fawzi محمود فوزى (1900–1981) | 16 January 1972 | 18 September 1974 | 2 years, 245 days | Arab Socialist Union | Sadat | |
| Vacant (18 September 1974 – 16 April 1975) | |||||||
 | Hosni Mubarak حسنى مبارك (1928–2020) | 16 April 1975 | 14 October 1981 | 6 years, 181 days | Arab Socialist Union (until 1978) | Sadat | |
| National Democratic Party | |||||||
| Vacant (14 October 1981 – 29 January 2011) | |||||||
 | Omar Suleiman عمر سليمان (1936–2012) | 29 January 2011 | 11 February 2011 | 13 days | Independent | Mubarak | |
| Vacant (11 February 2011 – 12 August 2012) | |||||||
| Mahmoud Mekki محمود مكي (born 1954) | 12 August 2012 | 22 December 2012 | 132 days | Independent | Morsi | ||
| Vacant (22 December 2012 – 26 December 2012) | |||||||
| Post abolished (26 December 2012 – 14 July 2013) | |||||||
 | Mohamed ElBaradei محمد البرادعي (born 1942) (Interim) | 14 July 2013 | 14 August 2013 | 31 days | Constitution Party | Mansour (Interim) | |
| Vacant (14 August 2013 – 18 January 2014) | |||||||
| Post abolished (18 January 2014 – 23 April 2019) | |||||||
| Vacant (23 April 2019 – present) | |||||||
References
[edit]- ^ Nasser institutes Collective Leadership, Davar, 1962 (in Hebrew)
- ^ Shalaby,Ethar (3 December 2012). "VP not to continue according to new constitution". Daily News Egypt. Retrieved 3 December 2012.
- ^ "Egyptian interim president nominates two for leadership posts". Retrieved 7 July 2013.
- ^ "Egypt's Salafist party rejects choices for premier, vice-president". Al Arabiya. 8 July 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ Aya Batrawy, "Egypt's defense minister defends ousting president", Associated Press, 14 July 2013.
- ^ "Egyptian security forces storm protesters' camps". The Washington Post. 14 August 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
- ^ "Egypt's VP Mohamed ElBaradei resigns in protest against crackdown". Los Angeles Times. 14 August 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
- ^ "Egypt's constitutional changes: A look at the post of vice president". Ahram Online.
- ^ "Egypt's constitutional changes: A look at the post of vice president - Politics - Egypt - Ahram Online".
- El-Gawady, Mohamed:[1]Cabinets during period of Revolution (1986)
- Hafez, Salah: Democracy Shock (2001)