Apalachee (horse)

Apalachee
Apalachee at Gainesway Farm in 1981
Sire	Round Table
Grandsire	Princequillo
Dam	Moccasin
Damsire	Nantallah
Sex	Stallion
Foaled	8 February 1971[1]
Country	United States
Colour	Bay
Breeder	Claiborne Farm
Owner	J. A. Mulcahy
Trainer	Vincent O'Brien
Record	5:4-0-1
Major wins
Observer Gold Cup (1973) Gladness Stakes (1974)
Awards
Top-rated British & Irish two-year-old (1973) Timeform Top-rated horse (joint) (1973) Timeform rating 137

Apalachee (1971–1996) was an American-bred, Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a racing career which lasted from August 1973 until May 1974 he ran five times and won four races. In 1973 he was unbeaten in three starts including the Racing Post Trophy and was officially rated the best two-year-old in Britain and Ireland. In the following year he won on his debut but finished third to Nonoalco in the 2000 Guineas and never raced again. He was then retired to stud where he had some success as a sire of winners before his death at the age of twenty-five.

Apalachee was a tall, long-striding bay horse with a white star and one white foot,^[2] bred by Claiborne Farm in Kentucky. He was the product of a mating between two American Horses of the Year: Round Table and Moccasin. Round Table was one of the most successful grass specialists in American racing history, winning forty-three races and being named Horse of the Year in 1958.^[3] He became a highly successful breeding stallion, being the Leading sire in North America in 1972.^[4] Moccasin was named Horse of the Year as a two-year-old filly in 1965, when she was unbeaten in eight races. She came from the same branch of Thoroughbred family 5-h which produced Ridan, Thatch, Nureyev, Fairy King and Sadler's Wells.^[5] Apalachee's full brother, Brahms, won the Group 3 Railway Stakes at the Curragh.

Apalachee entered into the ownership of John Mulcahy and was sent to race in Europe. He was trained by Vincent O'Brien at his Ballydoyle stable in County Tipperary, Ireland.

Apalachee made his first appearance in the Lee Stakes at the Curragh in August. Racing against moderate opposition he won by six lengths without being placed under any pressure. A month later at the same course he won the Moy Maiden Stakes in similar fashion.^[6]

In October Apalachee was moved up markedly in class when he was sent to England to contest the Group One Observer Gold Cup over one mile at Doncaster Racecourse. With prize money of £43,000, the race was the most valuable two-year-old race ever run in Britain.^[7] The opposition was headed by Nelson Bunker Hunt's Mississipian, an American-bred, French-trained colt who had won the Grand Critérium at Longchamp Racecourse. Ridden by Lester Piggott, Apalachee moved to the front two furlongs from the finish with Mississipian emerging as his only challenger. In the closing stages he pulled clear to win easily by two lengths from the French colt, with a gap of ten lengths back to Alpine Nephew in third.^[7] The unplaced horses included the future Group One winners Snow Knight (Derby), Busiris (Prix Royal Oak) and Mount Hagen (Prix du Moulin).^[8]

In the Free Handicap, a ranking of the year's best two-year-olds, Apalachee was given top weight of 133 pounds, five pounds clear of Mississipian. He was made a strong favourite for the following year's 2000 Guineas and Epsom Derby.^[8]

Apalachee began his three-year-old season by winning the Group Three Gladness Stakes over seven furlongs at the Curragh in April. He was then sent to England for the 2000 Guineas over the Rowley Mile course at Newmarket Racecourse on 4 May. With Piggott in the saddle, he started at odds of 4/9 against eleven opponents, making him the shortest-priced favourite since Colombo in 1934. His support in the betting market was despite rumours that he had developed respiratory problems and his unimpressive appearance before the start. In the race he briefly led two furlongs from the finish but finished third behind Nonoalco and Giacometti.^[6] Apalachee was withdrawn from the Derby after performing poorly in a training gallop at Ballydoyle.^[9] He never raced again and was retired to stud with a valuation of $2 million.^[6]

As noted above, Apalachee was officially rated the best two-year-old in Britain in 1973 by a margin of five pounds. The independent Timeform organisation were even more impressed with the colt, giving him a rating of 137 which made him not only the season's best two-year-old, but the joint-best horse of any age to race in Europe in 1973 (equal with Rheingold).^[10] The Timeform annual Racehorses of 1973 commented "we have not seen a two-year-old as promising as this for many years".^[8] Vincent O'Brien called him "a horse apart".^[9]

In their book A Century of Champions, based on a modified version of the Timeform system, John Randall and Tony Morris rated Apalachee the twenty-first best British or Irish two-year-old of the 20th Century.^[11]

Apalachee returned to the United States where he had a long and reasonably successful stud career at Gainesway Farm in Kentucky. He was particularly noted as a sire of sprinters.^[12] His winners included Dance for Donna (Canadian Champion Older Female Horse), Apalachee Honey (Sorority Stakes), Up the Apalachee (Alabama Stakes), Pine Tree Lane (Carter Handicap) and K One King (Oaklawn Handicap). He was the damsire of the American Champion Sprint Horse Artax.^[13] He continued to cover mares until being pensioned from stud duties in 1996^[14] and died later that year.