BCDMH
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione | |
| Other names bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, BCDMH, agribrom, aquabrom, aquabrome, bromicide, bromochlorodimethylhydantoin, di-halo, halogene T30, HarvestCide, nylate, photobrome, slimicide 78P | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.334 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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| Properties | |
| C5H6BrClN2O2 | |
| Molar mass | 241.47 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Density | 1.9 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 159 to 163 °C (318 to 325 °F; 432 to 436 K) |
| 0.15 g/100 ml (25 °C) | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Flamability, Inhalation |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H272, H302, H312, H314, H317, H332, H400 | |
| P210, P220, P221, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P322, P330, P333+P313, P363, P370+P378, P391, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | Decomposes at 160°C |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH or bromochlorodimethylhydantoin) is a chemical structurally related to hydantoin. It is a white crystalline compound with a slight bromine and acetone odor and is insoluble in water, but soluble in acetone.
BCDMH is an excellent source of both chlorine and bromine as it reacts slowly with water releasing hypochlorous acid and hypobromous acid. It used as a chemical disinfectant for recreational water sanitation and drinking water purification.[1] BCDMH works in the following manner:[2]
The initial BCDMH reacts with water (R = Dimethylhydantoin):
Hypobromous acid partially dissociates in water:
- HOBr → H+ + OBr−
Hypobromous acid oxidizes the substrate, itself being reduced to bromide:
- HOBr + Live pathogens → Br− + Dead pathogens
The bromide ions are oxidized with the hypochlorous acid that was formed from the initial BCDMH:
- Br− + HOCl → HOBr + Cl−
This produces more hypobromous acid; the hypochlorous acid itself act directly as a disinfectant in the process.
Preparation[edit]
This compound is prepared by first brominating, then chlorinating 5,5-dimethylhydantoin:[3]
References[edit]
- ^ NSF International (2012). "NSF/ANSI 60 - Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals - Health Effects". NSF Product and Service Listings. NSF International. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin[CL] - Bromicide Tablets - Algicide - Disinfection & Oxidation. [CL] The residual levels of chlorine (hypochlorite ion and hypochlorous acid), chlorine dioxide, chlorate ion, monochloramine and disinfection by-products shall be monitored in the finished drinking water to ensure compliance to all applicable regulations.
- ^ South Australian Health Commission, "Standard for the Operation of Swimming Pools and Spa Pools in South Australia", Supplement C: Bromine Disinfection Archived 2009-05-21 at the Library of Congress Web Archives, page 8. Retrieved on 2009-05-12.
- ^ Yasukazu Ura, Gozyo Sakata. "Chloroamines". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_553. ISBN 978-3527306732.