Battle of Silistra
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| Battle of Silistra | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Bulgaria | Kievan Rus | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Peter I of Bulgaria[3] | Sviatoslav Igorevich | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 30,000 | 10,000[4] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Heavy | Heavy | ||||||
The Battle of Silistra occurred in the spring of 968 near the Bulgarian town of Silistra, but most probably on the modern territory of Romania. It was fought between the armies of Bulgaria and Kievan Rus' and resulted in a Rus' victory. Upon the news of the defeat, the Bulgarian emperor Peter I abdicated. The invasion of the Rus' prince Sviatoslav was a heavy blow for the Bulgarian Empire, which by 971 lost its eastern provinces to the Byzantine Empire.
Origins of the conflict[edit]
From the 940s the Magyars began repeatedly to launch pillage raids into the Bulgarian Empire. Emperor Peter I was unable to stop them and as the Byzantines were unwilling to send any help he finally allied with the Magyars and gave them safe passage through Bulgaria to attack Byzantine Thrace. In 968 the Byzantine emperor Nikephoros II Phokas paid the Kievan knyaz Sviatoslav Igorevich to attack Bulgaria in answer of the alliance between the Bulgarian emperor Peter I and the Magyars.
The battle[edit]
Sviatoslav Igorevich gathered 10,000 troops and started his campaign in the early spring of 968. He met the Bulgarians, who were only 30,000 strong, near Silistra. The battle continued the whole day and until dark the Bulgarians seemed to have overwhelmed the Kievans, but, elated by Sviatoslav's personal example, the latter were victorious. The loss forced the Bulgarian king to shut himself up in Druster. During this time, Svetoslav plundered the Bulgarian lands unhindered, but soon a message about a Pecheneg attack on Kiev made him return to his homeland, taking with him a rich booty.[5]
Aftermath[edit]
The Rus' forces continued their victorious campaign and though they failed to take Silistra, they seized 80 other fortresses (excluding Preslav)[6]. Sviatoslav Igorevich was eventually forced to return to Kiev after Bulgarian diplomacy inspired the Pechenegs to besiege his capital.
Sources[edit]
- Атанас Пейчев и колектив, 1300 години на стража, Военно издателство, София 1984.
- Йордан Андреев, Милчо Лалков, Българските ханове и царе, Велико Търново, 1996.
- Божидар Димитров, Българите-първите европейци, София, 2002.
- Егоршина, Петрова (2023). История русской армии [The history of the Russian Army] (in Russian). Moscow: Moskva. ISBN 978-5-699-42397-2.
References[edit]
- ^ Kolev, Ivomir. "The fall of Preslav - the blow that shaped Bulgarian history (In Bulgarian)". Bulgarian History.
- ^ Pavlov, Plamen (2014). Векът на цар Самуил [The century of tsar Samuel] (in Bulgarian). Sofia: Изток и запад. p. 33. ISBN 978-619-152-502-7.
- ^ Kolev, Ivomir. "The fall of Preslav - the blow that shaped Bulgarian history (In Bulgarian)". Bulgarian History.
- ^ Егоршина 2023, p. 9.
- ^ Kolev, Ivomir. "The fall of Preslav - the blow that shaped Bulgarian history (In Bulgarian)". Bulgarian History.
- ^ Pavlov, Plamen (2014). Векът на цар Самуил [The century of tsar Samuel] (in Bulgarian). Sofia: Изток и запад. p. 33. ISBN 978-619-152-502-7.