National University Corporation
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A National University Corporation (国立大学法人, Kokuritsu Daigaku Hōjin) is a corporate body (legal entity) established under the provisions of the National University Corporation Act (2003) for the purpose of establishing a national university in Japan.
History
[edit]As part of promoting the reform of Japanese universities, all Japanese national universities has been incorporated as a National University Corporation since 2004.
In 2018, National University Corporation Gifu University and National University Corporation Nagoya University integrated the new "Tokai National Higher Education and Research System", which became the first case of a Corporation owning two universities.[1]
Overview
[edit]The scope of business of National University Corporations is stipulated as follows by Article 22 of the National University Corporation Act.
- Establish and operate a national university.
- To provide students with counseling and other assistance regarding study, career selection, physical and mental health, etc.
- Conducting research commissioned by or jointly with a person other than the National University Corporation, or conducting other educational and research activities in collaboration with a person other than the National University Corporation.
- Opening public lectures and providing learning opportunities for other non-students.
- To disseminate the results of research at the national university and promote its utilization.
- To invest in a person who implements a project that promotes the utilization of the results of research on technology at the national university and that is specified by a Cabinet Order.
- Performing business incidental to these business.
Designated National University
[edit]At the 190th National Diet in 2016, the National University Corporation Act was amended and the Designated National University (指定国立大学法人) corporation system was enacted.[2][3] The goal of Designated National University is to further improve the level of education and research in Japan. The selected national universities must have the highest level of education and research capabilities in Japan, and will be able to enjoy more government subsidies and more free use of funds (including larger professors salary range) in order to help attract world-class researchers.[4]
The application requirements are:
- The university has reached the top 10 in Japan in terms of scientific research.
- The university has reached the top 10 in Japan in terms of social cooperation.
- The university has reached the top 10 in Japan in terms of internationalization and international popularity.
Due to the above-mentioned strict conditions, only 10 of the 86 national universities in Japan have become the Designated National University by 2021.[4]
| Corporations | Main location | Designated day |
|---|---|---|
| National University Corporation Tohoku University | Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture | June 30, 2017 |
| National University Corporation The University of Tokyo | Tokyo | June 30, 2017 |
| National University Corporation Kyoto University | Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture | June 30, 2017 |
| National University Corporation Tokyo Institute of Technology | Tokyo | March 20, 2018 |
| Tokai National Higher Education and Research System Nagoya University[5] | Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture | March 20, 2018 |
| National University Corporation Osaka University | Suita, Osaka Prefecture | October 23, 2018 |
| National University Corporation Hitotsubashi University | Tokyo | September 5, 2019 |
| National University Corporation Tokyo Medical and Dental University | Tokyo | October 15, 2020 |
| National University Corporation University of Tsukuba | Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture | October 15, 2020 |
| National University Corporation Kyushu University | Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture | November 22, 2021 |
In addition, among the seven imperial universities that were considered the best national universities, only Hokkaido University did not become Designated National University.
See also
[edit]- Tokai National Higher Education and Research System
- Imperial Universities
- List of national universities in Japan
- List of universities in Japan
- Education in Japan
- National university
References
[edit]- ^ 【教育の森】国立初・名古屋大と岐阜大 運営法人統合／研究と地域創生 相乗効果狙い『毎日新聞』朝刊2020年6月8日（教育面）2020年6月16日閲覧
- ^ 指定国立大学（仮称）について 2016年4月7日閲覧
- ^ 議案名「国立大学法人法の一部を改正する法律案」の審議経過情報
- ^ a b 第3期中期目標期間における指定国立大学法人の公募について（通知）（文部科学省 2016年11月30日）
- ^ 2020年4月1日、名古屋大学は、 岐阜大学と統合して「東海国立大学機構」となった（名古屋大学が東海国立大学機構となり、同機構が岐阜大学の一切の権利及び義務を承継して、岐阜大学は解散）。東海国立大学機構が設置する名古屋大学は、法第三十四条の九（二以上の国立大学を設置するに関する特例）および同法附則（令和元年五月二四日法律第一一号）第七条の規定により、「指定国立大学」に指定された。