Dhaulagiri (mountain range)

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Dhaulagiri
Highest point
PeakDhaulagiri
Elevation7,310 m (23,980 ft) Edit this on Wikidata
Dimensions
Length50 km (31 mi)
Width15 km (9.3 mi)
Geography
Map
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45km
30miles
Nepal
Pakistan
China
Ngadi Chuli South
45
Ngadi Chuli South
Annapurna IV
Annapurna IV
Himalchuli West
Himalchuli West
Annapurna III
Annapurna III
Silver Crag
Silver Crag
Annapurna Fang
Annapurna Fang
Dhaulagiri IV
Dhaulagiri IV
Gurla Mandhata (Naimona'nyi, Namu Nan)
Gurla Mandhata (Naimona'nyi, Namu Nan)
Dhaulagiri III
Dhaulagiri III
Dhaulagiri II
Dhaulagiri II
Kamet
Kamet
Nanda Devi
Nanda Devi
Ngadi Chuli (Peak 29, Dakura, Dakum, Dunapurna)
Ngadi Chuli (Peak 29, Dakura, Dakum, Dunapurna)
Himalchuli (Himal Chuli)
Himalchuli (Himal Chuli)
Annapurna II
Annapurna II
Annapurna I East (Annapurna East Peak)
Annapurna I East (Annapurna East Peak)
Manaslu East
Manaslu East
Annapurna
Annapurna
Nanga Parbat (Diamer)
Nanga Parbat (Diamer)
Manaslu (Kutang)
Manaslu (Kutang)
Dhaulagiri
9
Dhaulagiri
The major peaks (not mountains) above 7,500 m (24,600 ft) height in Himalayas, rank identified in Himalayas alone (not the world).[1] The map may help give context to Dhaulagiri (mountain range) with more detail and zooming on click through.

Legend：
1：Mount Everest,  2：Kangchenjunga,  3：Lhotse,  4：Yalung Kang, Kanchenjunga West,  5：Makalu,  6：Kangchenjunga South,  7：Kangchenjunga Central,  8：Cho Oyu,  9：Dhaulagiri,  10：Manaslu (Kutang),  11：Nanga Parbat (Diamer) ,  12：Annapurna,  13：Shishapangma (Shishasbangma, Xixiabangma),  14：Manaslu East,  15：Annapurna East Peak,  16： Gyachung Kang,  17：Annapurna II ,  18：Tenzing Peak (Ngojumba Kang, Ngozumpa Kang, Ngojumba Ri),  19：Kangbachen,  20：Himalchuli (Himal Chuli),  21：Ngadi Chuli (Peak 29, Dakura, Dakum, Dunapurna),  22：Nuptse (Nubtse),  23：Nanda Devi,  24：Chomo Lonzo (Chomolonzo, Chomolönzo, Chomo Lönzo, Jomolönzo, Lhamalangcho),  25：Namcha Barwa (Namchabarwa),  26：Zemu Kang (Zemu Gap Peak),  27：Kamet,  28：Dhaulagiri II,  29：Ngojumba Kang II,  30：Dhaulagiri III,  31：Kumbhakarna Mountain (Mount Kumbhakarna, Jannu),  32：Gurla Mandhata (Naimona'nyi, Namu Nan) ,  33：Hillary Peak (Ngojumba Kang III),  34：Molamenqing (Phola Gangchen),  35：Dhaulagiri IV,  36：Annapurna Fang,  37：Silver Crag,  38：Kangbachen Southwest,  39：Gangkhar Puensum (Gangkar Punsum),  40：Annapurna III,  41：Himalchuli West,  42：Annapurna IV,  43：Kula Kangri,  44：Liankang Kangri (Gangkhar Puensum North, Liangkang Kangri),  45：Ngadi Chuli South

 
CountryNepal
ProvinceGandaki Province

The Dhaulagiri massif in Nepal extends 120 km (70 mi) from the Kaligandaki River west to the Bheri. This massif is bounded on the north and southwest by tributaries of the Bheri River and on the southeast by the Myagdi Khola. The range lies 40 miles (65 km) northwest of Annapurna and is located in Myagdi District of Nepal.[2]

Toponymy

[edit]

Dhaulagiri (धौलागिरी) is the Nepali name for the mountain which comes from Sanskrit where धवल (dhawala) means dazzling, white, beautiful[3] and गिरि (giri) means mountain.[4]

Geography

[edit]

Despite deriving its name from Dhaulagiri I, which stands alone immediately due east of 5,355m French Pass, the rest of the Dhaulagiri Himal is a fully independent massif in its own right. The next-highest summit, Dhaulagiri II, is the 30th-highest mountain on Earth. Most of the named 7,000-metre peaks are on a ridge extending WNW.[5] In order they are Dhaulagiris II, III, V, IV, Junction Peak, Churens East, Central and West, Putha Hiunchuli, and Hiunchuli Patan. False Junction Peak, Dhaulagiri VI and Gurja are on a ridge extending south from Junction Peak.[6] The British Alpine Club's[7] Himalayan Index lists 37 more peaks over 6,000 m.[8]

6,182m Pota Himal (FinnMap sheet 2883-01 "Chhedhul Gumba") stands north of the main ridge between Churen and Putha Hiunchuli. Pota has been informally renamed Peak Hawley after Elizabeth Hawley, a notable expedition chronicler and Kathmandu-based reporter.

Hiunchuli Patan at the western end nearest the Bheri River is locally called Sisne or Murkatta Himal. It was an iconic landmark to insurgents based in Rukum and Rolpa districts during the 1996–2006 Nepal Civil War.

Peaks

[edit]
Mountain Height (m) Height (ft) Coordinates Prominence (m) First ascent
Dhaulagiri I 8,167 26,795 28°41′54″N 83°29′15″E / 28.69833°N 83.48750°E / 28.69833; 83.48750 3,357 1960
Dhaulagiri II 7,751 25,430 28°45′50″N 83°23′15″E / 28.76389°N 83.38750°E / 28.76389; 83.38750 (Dhaulagiri II) 2,391 1971
Dhaulagiri III 7,715 25,311 28°45′17″N 83°22′37″E / 28.75472°N 83.37694°E / 28.75472; 83.37694 (Dhaulagiri III) 135 1973
Dhaulagiri IV 7,661 25,135 28°44′12″N 83°18′52″E / 28.73667°N 83.31444°E / 28.73667; 83.31444 (Dhaulagiri IV) 469 1969
Dhaulagiri V 7,618 24,992 28°44′05″N 83°21′41″E / 28.73472°N 83.36139°E / 28.73472; 83.36139 (Dhaulagiri V) 340 1975
Churen Himal 7,385 24,229 28°44′06″N 83°12′58″E / 28.73500°N 83.21611°E / 28.73500; 83.21611 (Churen Himal (Main)) 600 1970
Churen Himal (East) 7,371 24,183 28°44′33″N 83°13′51″E / 28.74250°N 83.23083°E / 28.74250; 83.23083 (Churen Himal (East)) 150 1970
Churen Himal (West) 7,371 24,183 28°43′55″N 83°12′45″E / 28.73194°N 83.21250°E / 28.73194; 83.21250 (Churen Himal (West)) 70 1970
Dhaulagiri VI 7,268 23,845 28°42′30″N 83°16′32″E / 28.70833°N 83.27556°E / 28.70833; 83.27556 (Dhaulagiri VI) 453 1970
Putha Hiunchuli (Dh VII) 7,246 23,773 28°44′50″N 83°08′55″E / 28.74722°N 83.14861°E / 28.74722; 83.14861 (Putha Hiunchuli) 1,151 1954
Gurja Himal 7,193 23,599 28°40′26″N 83°16′37″E / 28.67389°N 83.27694°E / 28.67389; 83.27694 (Gurja Himal) 500 1969
False Junction Peak 7,150 23,458 28°43′00″N 83°16′38″E / 28.71667°N 83.27722°E / 28.71667; 83.27722 (False Junction Peak) 400 1970
Junction Peak 7,108 23,320 28°43′19″N 83°16′38″E / 28.72194°N 83.27722°E / 28.72194; 83.27722 (Junction Peak) 20 1972
Peak Hawley 6,182 20,282 28°46′33″N 83°11′45″E / 28.77583°N 83.19583°E / 28.77583; 83.19583 (Peak Hawley) 350 2008
Hiunchuli Patan 5,911 19,185 28°49′39″N 82°37′1″E / 28.82750°N 82.61694°E / 28.82750; 82.61694 (Hiunchuli Patan) 1310 2013

† Only peaks above 7,200 m with more than 500 m (1,640.4 ft) of topographic prominence are ranked.

‡ The status of Churen Himal's three peaks is unclear and sources differ on their heights.[9][10][11] The coordinates, heights and prominence values above are derived from the Finnmap.[11] The first ascent data is from Neate,[9] but it is unclear if the first ascent of Churen Himal East was actually an ascent of the highest of the three peaks, as Neate lists Churen Himal Central as a 7,320 m subpeak of Churen Himal East.

Climbing history

[edit]
  1. Pre-monsoon[14] and post-monsoon[15] reconnaissances of Dh.II by Japanese expeditions.
  2. Hangde 6556m in Mukut section attempted.[16]
  • 1962
  1. Churen attempt from north by Japanese Nihon University expedition. Climbed Hangde (~6600m), Tongu (~6250m), P6265 during approach/acclimation through Hidden Valley; also Kantokal (~6500m) north of Putha Hiunchili.[17]
  2. Churen and Dh.VI attempt from south by J. O. M. Roberts, thinking he was on Dh.IV due to inaccurate maps. Climbed a lower peak (6,529m) near Gurja, naming it Ghustang after the stream draining the cirque they climbed in.[18]
  • 1963
  1. Dh.II attempt by Austrian expedition, reaching 7,000m[13]
  2. Dh.III attempt[19]
  • 1965
  1. Japanese expedition to Dh.II delayed two months by heavy snow in approach passes. Lost two porters to avalanche, then another porter was injured in a fall and needed evacuation. This left too little food to continue.[20]
  2. J. O. M. Roberts leads British R.A.F. expedition to Dh.VI, still believing it was Dh.IV. Defeated by late monsoon, then early winter storms creating excessive avalanche risk.[21]
  • 1969
  1. Dh.IV attempt by Austrian Alpine Club. Five Austrians and one Nepali disappear, may have summited.[22]
  2. Gurja climbed by Japanese expedition.[23]
  3. First authorized ascents of Tukuche 6920m and Tukuche West 6800m.[24]
  • 1970
  1. Japan's Kansai Mountaineering Club unsuccessful on Dh.IV in April but climbed Dh.VI[25] and False Junction Peak.[26]
  2. Korean expedition claims they summited Churen East on 29 April. Questioned by same year Japanese expedition, see next.
  3. Japanese expedition climbs Churen Central and Churen West on 24 October.[27]
  • 1971
  1. First ascent of Dh.II on 18 May by Austrian expedition.[28][29]
  2. Dh.IV attempt[30]
  3. Dh.V attempted by pre- and post-monsoon Japanese expeditions. Both ended by fatal accidents.[31]
  • 1972 – Dh.IV attempted twice by Japanese expeditions. First attempt abandoned when a climber fell ill and died at 6200m. Second expedition climbed via crest from west, found route too long at high elevation (7,000m+). Climbed Dh.VI and Junction Peak.[32]
  • 1973
  1. first ascent of Dh.III on 20 October by German expedition.[33]
  2. Dh.IV attempted by Austrians who reached 7250m on N face, then by British who quit after two deaths.[34]
  • 1974
  1. Dh.IV attempt by British R.A.F. expedition abandoned after three Sherpas killed by falling ice.[35]
  2. In Mukut section: ascents of Parbat Rinchen 6200m, Parbat Talpari 6248m, West Himparkhal 6248m, East Himparkhal 6227m, Tashi Kang III 6157m[36]
  • 1975
  1. Dh.IV climbed 9 May by S. Kawazu and E. Yusuda, who died on descent, bringing death toll on Dh.IV to 14. (Compared with 13 deaths on Mount Everest before it was successfully climbed in 1953.) Another Japanese expedition in October puts ten on summit without loss of life.[37]
  2. Dh.V climbed by M. Morioka and Pembu Tsering Sherpa on Japanese expedition.[38]
  • 1979 – Japanese traverse Dh.II, III and V along 7,150m+ crest. Expedition led by a woman.[39]
  • 2008 – First ascent of Peak Hawley (AKA Pota Himal; named after Elizabeth Hawley[40]). Solo climb by François Damilano following expedition climb of Putha Hiunchuli.[41]
  • 2013 – First ascent of Hiunchuli Patan (known locally as Sisne or Murkatta Himal). Nepalese expedition led by Man Bahadur Khatri.[42]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Peak Bagger:Himalaya, Central Nepal Himalaya, Khumbu, Ghurka Himal, Annapurna Himal, Xishapangma Area, Sikkim-Eastern Nepal Himalaya, Western Nepal Himalaya, Assam Himalaya, Punjab Himalaya, Bhutan Himalaya, Garwhal Himalaya, Ganesh Himal". Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  2. ^ Elite, Explorer. "Dhaulagiri". Dhaulagiri.
  3. ^ Monier-Williams, op. cit. p. 513
  4. ^ Monier-Williams, op. cit. p. 355
  5. ^ "Terrain Map". Wikimapia. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  6. ^ Roberts, J.O.M.; Cheney, M.J. (1971). "Climbs and Regional Notes: Asia, Nepal" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 76. London: Alpine Club: 228. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  7. ^ "The Alpine Club". Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  8. ^ "Himalayan Index". U.K. Alpine Club. Archived from the original on 22 June 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  9. ^ a b Neate "High Asia"
  10. ^ Carter, H. Adams (1985). "Classification of the Himalaya" (PDF). American Alpine Journal. 27 (59). American Alpine Club: 109–141. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
  11. ^ a b Finnmap (topographic map) of Dhaulagiri Himal
  12. ^ Roberts, J.O.M (1956) [1955]. "Round about Dhaulagiri". The Himalayan Journal. 19. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  13. ^ a b Eidher, Egbert (1964). "The 1963 Austrian Dhaula Himal expedition". The Himalayan Journal. 25. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  14. ^ Kato, Kiichiro (1960). "Reconnaissance around Dhaulagiri II" (PDF). American Alpine Journal. 12 (34). American Alpine Club: 67–72. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  15. ^ Yamada, Jiro (1961). "Japanese Himalayan Expeditions". American Alpine Journal. 12 (35). American Alpine Club: 275. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  16. ^ Humphreys, John S. (1961). "North of Dhaulagiri" (PDF). American Alpine Journal. 12 (35). American Alpine Club: 249–62. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  17. ^ Shojiro Ishizaka (1963). "Mukut Himal and Churen Himal" (PDF). American Alpine Journal. 13 (37). American Alpine Club: 520–1. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  18. ^ J. O. M. Roberts (1966). "Expeditions and Notes, a note on the Dhaula Himal of central Nepal". Himalayan Journal. 27. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  19. ^ American Alpine Journal. 14 (38). American Alpine Club: 227–8. 1963. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  20. ^ Hiroshi Sugita (1966). "Dhaulagiri II". Himalayan Journal. 27. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  21. ^ J.O.M. Roberts (1966). "With the Royal Air Force on Dhaulagiri IV". Himalayan Journal. 27. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  22. ^ Roberts, J.O.M. (1970). "Climbs and Regional Notes" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 75. London: Alpine Club: 196–8. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  23. ^ Yoshimi Yakushi (1970). "Gurja Himal: first ascent, 1969" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 75. London: Alpine Club: 17–24. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  24. ^ "Climbs and Expeditions, Nepal" (PDF). American Alpine Journal. 17 (44). American Alpine Club: 181–2. 1970. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  25. ^ D.F.O. Dangar (1979). "The highest mountains 1968–77" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 84. London: Alpine Club: 29. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  26. ^ Roberts, J. O. M.; Cheney, M. J. (1971). "Climbs and Regional Notes – Nepal" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 76. London: Alpine Club: 229. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  27. ^ Yamamoto, Ryozo (1972). "First ascent of Churen Himal" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 77. London: Alpine Club: 105–9. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  28. ^ Huber, Franz (1972). "Dhaulagiri 2" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 77. London: Alpine Club: 168–9. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  29. ^ Huber, Franz (1972). "Dhaulagiri II, 1971". Himalayan Journal. 31. Himalayan Club. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  30. ^ Graf, Leo (1971). "Dhaulagiri IV, 1969". Himalayan Journal. 31. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  31. ^ Roberts, J. O. M.; Cheney, M. J. (1972). "Notes 1971 (Asia, Nepal)" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 78. London: Alpine Club: 248–9. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  32. ^ Lawford, Robert (1973). "Notes 1972 Asia" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 78. London: Alpine Club: 241. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  33. ^ Schreckenbach, Klaus; Gizycki, Peter von (1974). "Dhaulagiri III" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 79. London: Alpine Club: 198–201. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  34. ^ Robert Lawford (1974). "Notes 1973 Asia" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 79. London: Alpine Club: 255. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  35. ^ Edward Pyatt (1975). "Notes 1974 Asia" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 80. London: Alpine Club: 264. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  36. ^ Himalayan Club Newsletter (31): 3–4, 1976 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  37. ^ Nishamae, Shiro. "First ascent and tragedy on Dhaulagiri IV, 1975". Himalayan Journal. 34. New Delhi: Himalayan Club. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  38. ^ Connor, T.M. (1976). "Regional Notes 1975" (PDF). Alpine Journal. 81. London: Alpine Club: 242. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  39. ^ Michiko Takahashi (1980). "Dhaulagiri II, III and V Traverse" (PDF). American Alpine Journal. 22 (54). American Alpine Club: 630–1. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  40. ^ Dougal MacDonald (10 July 2008). "Newly Climbed Peak Named for Elizabeth Hawley". Climbing. Retrieved 14 March 2019. The French ice climber François Damilano has named a newly climbed peak in Nepal after Elizabeth Hawley, the longtime chronicler of mountaineering in the Himalaya. Damilano made a solo first ascent of Peak Hawley (6,182 meters) in the Dhaulagiri Group in early May.
  41. ^ Damilano, François (2009). "Asia, Nepal, Dhaulagiri Himal, Peak Hawley (6,182m)". American Alpine Journal. 51 (83). American Alpine Club: 321. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
  42. ^ "Mt Sisne scaled for first time". The Himalayan Times. Kathmandu. 28 May 2013. Archived from the original on 5 January 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
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