FOLR3
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| FOLR3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aliases | FOLR3, FR-G, FR-gamma, gamma-hFR, folate receptor 3 (gamma), folate receptor 3, folate receptor gamma, FRgamma | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 602469 HomoloGene: 88342 GeneCards: FOLR3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Folate receptor gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOLR3 gene. It is involved in up-take of folic acid.[3]
Gene location[edit]
The FOLR multi-gene family (FOLR1, FOLR2 and FOLR3) is localized to chromosome 11q13.3–q14.1, and encodes the gene products FRα, β and γ, respectively.[4]
Tissue distribution[edit]
FOLR3 is localized in haematopoietic tissue, such as spleen and bone marrow, and is present as a secretory protein. FOLR3 expresses in humans rather than mice and rats.[3]
Function[edit]
The FOLR3 gene is polymorphic due to a nonsense mutation resulting in a truncated protein; FRγ, which can bind folic acid. FOLR3 genes each consist of 5 exons, 4 introns and 1 promoter that encodes a single transcript.[3]
Clinical significance[edit]
Expression of FOLR3 is correlated more strongly with plasma homocysteine(Hcy) than FOLR1 and FOLR2. FOLR3 may decrease plasma Hcy compared with other FOLRs.[4] It was demonstrated that FOLR3 can metabolize both intracellular Hcy and extracellular Hcy. These results indicate that an increase in FOLR3 may effectively ameliorate Hcy in the blood and weaken Hcy-induced toxicity, even in tissues with the low level of FOLR1 and FOLR2 expression.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000110203 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b c Kelemen LE (July 2006). "The role of folate receptor alpha in cancer development, progression and treatment: cause, consequence or innocent bystander?". International Journal of Cancer. 119 (2): 243–250. doi:10.1002/ijc.21712. PMID 16453285. S2CID 1966455.
- ^ a b c Yoshitomi R, Nakayama K, Yamashita S, Kumazoe M, Lin TA, Mei CY, et al. (June 2020). "Plasma Homocysteine Concentration is Associated with the Expression Level of Folate Receptor 3". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 10283. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1010283Y. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67288-9. PMC 7314855. PMID 32581311.
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