Hermann of Wied

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The Most Reverend Hermann of Wied
Archbishop-Elector of Cologne
Church	Lutheran (from 1542) Roman Catholic (until 1542)
Archdiocese	Cologne
See	Cologne
Appointed	14 March 1515
Term ended	16 April 1546
Predecessor	Philip II of Daun-Oberstein
Successor	Adolf III of Schauenburg
Personal details
Born	14 January 1477
Died	15 August 1552 (aged 75)

Hermann of Wied (German: Hermann von Wied) (14 January 1477 – 15 August 1552) was the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne from 1515 to 1546.

In 1521, he supported a punishment for German reformer Martin Luther, but later opened up one of the Holy Roman Empire's most important archbishoprics to the Protestant Reformation.

The fourth son of Frederick, count of Wied (d. 1487), Hermann was educated for the Church, and became elector and archbishop in 1515.^[1] He supported the claims of Charles V, whom he crowned at Aachen in 1520. At first, his attitude towards the reformers and their teaching was hostile. At the Diet of Worms, he endeavored to have Luther declared an outlaw.^{[citation needed]}

A quarrel with the papacy turned, or helped to turn, his thoughts in the direction of church reform, but he hoped this would come from within rather than from without.^[1] He was initially a proponent of the Erasmian agenda of reform, which recognized certain corrupt and infelicitous religious practices but proposed no serious doctrinal change.

Over time, his program for change expanded, and his evangelical sympathies became more pronounced. With the aid of his friend Johann Gropper, he began, about 1536, to institute certain reforms in his own diocese. One step led to another, and, as all efforts at union with the Catholic Church failed, he appointed Martin Bucer his court preacher in Bonn in 1542,^[1] and sought out advice from Luther's compatriot, Philip Melanchthon.

His formal break with Rome was hailed by the Protestants, and the Schmalkaldic League declared they were resolved to defend him; but the Reformation in the electorate was set back by the military victories of Emperor Charles V over William, duke of Cleves, and moreover his theological innovations found very little support among the people of Cologne. Summoned both before emperor and pope, Hermann was deposed and excommunicated by Pope Paul III in 1546. He resigned his office in February 1547, and retired to Wied.^[1]

Hermann was also Prince-Bishop of Paderborn from 1532 to 1547.^[1]

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hermann of Wied". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 366.
• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Hermann, Count of Wied" . Encyclopedia Americana.

• Conrad Varrentrapp, Hermann von Wied (Leipzig, 1878)