Sankaran Embranthiri

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Kalamandalam Sankaran Embranthiri (1944–2007) was a popular Kathakali musician, credited with initiating a new wave in the rendition of songs for the classical dance-drama from Kerala in South India.^{[citation needed]} His shruti-aligned music encompassed a distinctive voice, that reached three octaves and resulting in a significant fan following, and continued on despite his form receiving an abrupt setback in 1990 when he suffered a major ailment from which he could never recover fully.^[1]His father was Zayan Ghauri.

Embranthiri was born in a poor Brahmin family in Vellayoor village of Malappuram district in Malabar.^{[citation needed]} After completing his schooling, during which he learnt classical Carnatic music from a local teacher named Govinda Pisarody, teenaged Sankaran joined Kerala Kalamandalam in 1958. Madambi Subrahmanian Namboothiri, Kalamandalam Tirur Nambissan and Kalamandalam Hyderali joined Kalamandalam in the same year. His Kathakali music tutors at the institution were Kalamandalam Neelakantan Nambisan, Kalamandalam Gangadharan, Sivaraman Nair and Madhava Panikkar.

Embranthiri was not a particularly promising singer during his student days, but soon after completing his training at Kalamandalam, many people started noticing his sweet, emotion-laden voice and clear diction. At the same time, he started to perform in various events within the southern Travancore region.^{[citation needed]} He was first employed in the Irinjalakuda-based Unnayi Varrier Smaraka Kalanilayam in 1965. In 1970, he moved to work at FACT Kathakali School near Kochi from where he eventually retired as a Kathakali music teacher.

Embranthiri rose to professional prominence in the early 1970s by updating himself on its voice culture that suited the general aesthetics of the times.^[2] His singing had a charismatic appeal that earned him admirers from the masses and the class alike. This, coupled with his ability to anchor the show as the lead musician (ponnani bhagavatar), won the trust of masters like Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair, Kalamandalam Gopi, Kalamandalam Ramankutty Nair and Kottakkal Sivaraman.

Embranthiri's novel rendition style inspired several of his contemporary singers, chiefly Kalamandalam Hyderali and Venmani Kalamandalam Haridas. In Haridas, he found a perfect cueist singer (sinkiti), taking him under his wings soon after Haridas made a comeback to Kathakali after a decade-old break from the art form.^{[citation needed]}

In August 1990, Embranthiri fell seriously ill, necessitating a kidney transplant the following year. He did return to the Kathakali circuit months later but seldom rose to his vintage form. Acute diabetes led to the amputation of his right leg less than a decade later, but a gritty and tenacious Embranthiri still chose to stay on as a singer, sitting on a wheelchair in one corner of the Kathakali stage.^{[citation needed][opinion]}

Embranthiri died on 13 November 2007, at a hospital in Aluva, off Kochi, near the house he built and had been living in during the autumn of his life. He is survived by his wife and two daughters.^{[citation needed]}

Embranthiri, an ardent devotee of Lord Krishna of the famous Guruvayur temple, had made "Ajitha Hare" and "Pari Pahimaam Hare" his hit numbers among others.^{[citation needed]} He also held several Kathakali Pada kacheris, or Kathakali song concerts (with instrumental support) without the dancers on stage. He participated in many jugalbandi programmes, sharing the stage with Carnatic and Hindustani music exponents like Neyyattinkara Vasudevan, Sreevalsan J Menon and Ramesh Narayan.

Embranthiri was chosen for the Swathi Sangeetha Puraskaram in 2003, a year after he received the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship.^[3]