Lammot du Pont I

Lammot du Pont I
Lammot du Pont as a Union officer
Born	(1831-04-13)April 13, 1831 New Castle County, Delaware, US
Died	March 29, 1884(1884-03-29) (aged 52) Gibbstown, New Jersey, US
Resting place	Du Pont de Nemours Cemetery
Education	B.A. Chemistry, 1849
Alma mater	University of Pennsylvania
Employer	E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Spouse	Mary Belin
Children	Pierre S. du Pont Irénée du Pont Lammot du Pont II
Parent(s)	Alfred V. du Pont Margaretta Elizabeth Lammot
Relatives	Éleuthère Irénée du Pont (grandfather)

Lammot du Pont I (April 13, 1831 – March 29, 1884) was an American chemist and a key member of the du Pont family and its company in the mid-19th century.

Du Pont was born in 1831 in New Castle County, Delaware, the son of Margaretta Elizabeth (Lammot) and Alfred V. du Pont, and grandson of French-born Éleuthère Irénée du Pont de Nemours, the founder of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. Lammot was born at Nemours, the family home built in 1824 and named in honor of the full family name.

Lammot studied chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania,^[1] and obtained a bachelor of arts degree in 1849.^[2]

He entered into the family business, and used his chemistry knowledge to patent B blasting powder in 1857. His invention used an inexpensive Peruvian and Chilean sodium nitrate, which he had discovered in 1858 could be used to manufacture black powder more cheaply than potassium nitrate.

In the Civil War, du Pont enlisted in 1862 and was commissioned captain of Company B, 5th Delaware Volunteer Infantry that served at Fort Delaware on Pea Patch Island.^[3]

He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1872.^[4]

In 1880, du Pont convinced his family that a new explosive, dynamite, would eventually make gunpowder obsolete.^[5] His vision eventually made the company a major force in the blasting powder industry. Later, he founded the Repauno Chemical Company and helped his family's company enter the high-explosives business.

Lammot du Pont married Mary Belin (1839–1913)^[6] and had 11 children:

• Isabella d'Andelot du Pont (1866–1871)
• Louisa d'Andelot du Pont (1868–1926), married Charles Copeland (1867–1944), one son:
  • Lammot du Pont Copeland (1905–1983)
• Pierre S. du Pont (1870–1954), married Alice Belin, no children
• Sophie Madeleine du Pont (1871–1894)
• Henry Belin du Pont (1873–1902), married Eleuthera du Pont Bradford, one son:^[7]
  • Henry Belin du Pont, Jr. (1898–1970)
• William Kemble du Pont (1874–1907), married twice; four children
• Irénée du Pont (1876–1963) married Irene Sophie du Pont, had 10 children:
• Mary Alletta Belin du Pont (1878–1938), married William Winder Laird, one son
• Lammot du Pont II (1880–1952)^[8]
• Isabella Mathieu du Pont (1882–1946), married Hugh Rodney Sharp (1880–1968), two children
• Margaretta Lammot du Pont (1884–1973), married Robert Ruliph Morgan Carpenter
  • Louisa d'Andelot Carpenter (1907–1976)
  • Robert Ruliph Morgan Carpenter, Jr. (1915–1990)

He died in a nitroglycerin explosion on March 29, 1884, in Gibbstown, New Jersey.^[9]

The Lammot du Pont Laboratory at the University of Delaware is named in his honor. The 34,000 square feet (3,200 m²)-building houses laboratories of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the College of Marine Studies.^[10]

• Wilkinson, Norman B. (1984). Lammot du Pont and the American Explosives Industry 1850-1884. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. ISBN 978-0813910123.
• du Pont, Pierre S. (1984). Life in My Father's House. Wilmington: H.R. Sharp. ASIN B0006EOFLU.