List of ants of Australia

From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

The bulldog ant Myrmecia brevinoda is the largest ant in the world in terms of average worker size[1]

The ant fauna of Australia is large and diverse. As of 1999, Australia and its external territories represent 1,275 described taxa (subspecies included) divided into 103 genera and 10 subfamilies.[2] No publication since 1999 has estimated the current diversity of Australia's ant fauna, although it has considerably increased in size as the total amount of subfamilies in Australia today is around twelve. Very few species in the country are known to be invasive.

Australia is home to two-thirds of the world's subfamilies, one-third of known genera, 15% of all described species, and some genera found in Australia can be found nowhere else or they are found in neighboring countries instead. Australia's ant diversity is smaller than Central America, South America and Southeast Asia, it has roughly the same number of genera and species as the Orient and surpasses the amount of ants known in Europe, North America, Northern Asia and Northern Africa.[3] The state of Queensland has the greatest diversity of ants in the world, with more than 1,400 species known within its borders.[4] The total amount of species known in Australia could possibly be over 6,500, with only one in five ants being described.[5]


Contents:

Acropyga • Adlerzia • Aenictus • Amblyopone • Anochetus • Anonychomyrma • Anoplolepis • Aphaenogaster • Arnoldius • Austromorium • Austroponera • Brachyponera • Calomyrmex • Calyptomyrmex • Camponotus • Cardiocondyla • Carebara • Colobopsis • Colobostruma • Crematogaster • Cryptopone • Diacamma • Dilobocondyla • Discothyrea • Doleromyrma • Dolichoderus • Echinopla • Ectomomyrmex • Epopostruma • Eurhopalothrix • Froggattella • Gnamptogenys • Heteroponera  Hypoponera • Iridomyrmex • Iroponera • Leptanilla  Leptogenys • Leptomyrmex • Linepithema • Lioponera • Lordomyrma • Mayriella • Melophorus • Meranoplus • Mesoponera • Mesostruma • Metapone • Monomorium • Myopias • Myopopone • Myrmecia • Myrmecina • Myrmecorhynchus • Mystrium • Nebothriomyrmex • Nothomyrmecia • Notoncus • Notostigma • Nylanderia • Ochetellus • Odontomachus • Oecophylla • Onychomyrmex • Ooceraea • Opisthopsis • Orectognathus • Papyrius • Paraparatrechina • Paratrechina • Parvaponera • Peronomyrmex • Pheidole • Philidris • Plagiolepis • Platythyrea • Podomyrma • Polyrhachis • Ponera • Prionopelta • Pristomyrmex • Probolomyrmex • Proceratium  Prolasius • Pseudolasius • Pseudoneoponera • Pseudonotoncus • Pseudoponera • Rhopalomastix • Rhopalothrix • Rhytidoponera • Romblonella • Solenopsis • Stereomyrmex • Stigmacros • Stigmatomma • Strumigenys • Syllophopsis • Tapinoma • Technomyrmex • Teratomyrmex • Tetramorium • Tetraponera • Trichomyrmex • Turneria  Vollenhovia • Vombisidris • Wasmannia  Zasphinctus •

Incertae sedis        See also        References        Further reading        External Links

Subfamilies[edit]

In 1999, 10 ant subfamilies were known to reside in Australia, but some of these subfamilies were later synonymised under the subfamily Dorylinae.[3][6] Today, 12 subfamilies are known to occur in Australia, including Amblyoponinae, Dolichoderinae, Dorylinae, Ectatomminae, Formicinae, Heteroponerinae, Leptanillinae, Myrmeciinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, Proceratiinae and Pseudomyrmecinae.[7]

The subfamily Myrmicinae is the largest in Australia in terms of both number of genera and species, as well as the subfamily Formicinae, which is also one of the most common subfamily of ants to be encountered.[8][9] The subfamily Myrmeciinae consists of two genera which are only found in Australia, with the exception of a single species native to New Caledonia.[10] Only a single species of the subfamily Leptanillinae is known from Australia.[7]

Acropyga[edit]

Acropyga acutiventris

Adlerzia[edit]

Aenictus[edit]

Amblyopone[edit]

Amblyopone aberrans

Anochetus[edit]

References:[41][42][43][44]

Anonychomyrma[edit]

Anonychomyrma gilberti

References:[47][48][49]

Anoplolepis[edit]

References:[58]

Aphaenogaster[edit]

Aphaenogaster longiceps

Arnoldius[edit]

Austromorium[edit]

Austroponera[edit]

References:[41]

Brachyponera[edit]

Calomyrmex[edit]

References:[58][81][82][83]

Calyptomyrmex[edit]

Camponotus[edit]

Camponotus aeneopilosus
Camponotus aurocinctus
Camponotus consobrinus
Camponotus nigriceps

References:[42][91][92][48][93][94][95]

Cardiocondyla[edit]

References:[131][132]

Carebara[edit]

References:[136]

Colobopsis[edit]

Colobostruma[edit]

References:[139]

Crematogaster[edit]

References:[94]

Cryptopone[edit]

Cryptopone rotundiceps

Diacamma[edit]

References:[163]

Dilobocondyla[edit]

Discothyrea[edit]

References:[169][40]

Doleromyrma[edit]

References:[174][41]

Dolichoderus[edit]

Dolichoderus scabridus

References:[175][176][177]

Echinopla[edit]

References:[89]

Ectomomyrmex[edit]

Epopostruma[edit]

References:[184]

Eurhopalothrix[edit]

Froggattella[edit]

Gnamptogenys[edit]

Heteroponera[edit]

Hypoponera[edit]

References:[30][218][41]

Iridomyrmex[edit]

References:[224][225][226]

Iridomyrmex purpureus

Iroponera[edit]

References:[315]

Leptanilla[edit]

Leptogenys[edit]

References:[30][41]

Leptomyrmex[edit]

References:[331][332]

Linepithema[edit]

Linepithema humile

Lioponera[edit]

References:[81][346][347]

Lordomyrma[edit]

Mayriella[edit]

References:[184]

Melophorus[edit]

References:[41]

Meranoplus[edit]

Mesoponera[edit]

References:[315]

Mesostruma[edit]

References:[184]

Metapone[edit]

Monomorium[edit]

Myopias[edit]

Myopopone[edit]

Myrmecia[edit]

Myrmecia gulosa

Myrmecina[edit]

Myrmecorhynchus[edit]

Mystrium[edit]

Nebothriomyrmex[edit]

Nothomyrmecia[edit]

Nothomyrmecia macrops

Notoncus[edit]

References:[83]

Notostigma[edit]

Nylanderia[edit]

Ochetellus[edit]

References:[49]

Odontomachus[edit]

References:[315]

Oecophylla[edit]

Oecophylla smaragdina

Onychomyrmex[edit]

Ooceraea[edit]

Opisthopsis[edit]

Orectognathus[edit]

Papyrius[edit]

References:[49]

Paraparatrechina[edit]

Paratrechina[edit]

Parvaponera[edit]

Peronomyrmex[edit]

Pheidole[edit]

References:[655]

Philidris[edit]

References:[49]

Plagiolepis[edit]

References:[41]

Platythyrea[edit]

Podomyrma[edit]

References:[677]

Polyrhachis[edit]

Ponera[edit]

Prionopelta[edit]

Pristomyrmex[edit]

Probolomyrmex[edit]

Proceratium[edit]

Prolasius[edit]

Pseudolasius[edit]

Pseudoneoponera[edit]

References:[315]

Pseudonotoncus[edit]

Pseudoponera[edit]

References:[315]

Rhopalomastix[edit]

Rhopalothrix[edit]

Rhytidoponera[edit]

Romblonella[edit]

Solenopsis[edit]

Solenopsis invicta

Stereomyrmex[edit]

Stigmacros[edit]

Stigmatomma[edit]

References:[40][36]

Strumigenys[edit]

Syllophopsis[edit]

Tapinoma[edit]

Technomyrmex[edit]

\

Teratomyrmex[edit]

Tetramorium[edit]

Tetraponera[edit]

Trichomyrmex[edit]

Trichomyrmex destructor

Turneria[edit]

Vollenhovia[edit]

Vombisidris[edit]

Wasmannia[edit]

Zasphinctus[edit]

Incertae sedis[edit]

Species listed below were described in Australia as their type locality, but their true identities remain unknown.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Introduced species to Australia that is restricted to the country's northern regions.[446]
  2. ^ Introduced species to Australia which has a global invasive distribution, originally from West Africa.[467]
  3. ^ Introduced species to Australia that is a serious threat to native invertebrate fauna.[664]
  4. ^ Introduced species to Australia that was first recorded in 1958.[803]
  5. ^ Introduced species to Australia that is present in the Northern Territory, although a nest was found in Perth, Western Australia.[834][835][836]
  6. ^ Introduced species to Australia, with the first detection occurring in 2001 in Brisbane, Queensland.[838][839] Populations of the Red imported fire ant were also recently discovered in Port Botany in Sydney.[840] Further populations have been discovered at a Brisbane airport in late 2015.[841]
  7. ^ Introduced species to Australia. The earliest occurrence of the ant was recorded in 1932.[914][915]
  8. ^ Introduced species to Australia. It is widespread in the country.[918]
  9. ^ Introduced species to Australia. The earliest known record of the ants presence was in 1972, around the northern regions of Australia.[919]
  10. ^ Introduced species to Australia. The species was recently found in the British West Indies in 2003 and first recorded in the United States in 1986.[920]
  11. ^ Introduced species to Australia. Earliest records indicate that the first occurrence of the ant was in 1858.[926]
  12. ^ Introduced species to Australia. The species is known to be widespread in the country.[927]

References[edit]

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  8. ^ "Myrmicinae Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835". Atlas of Living Australia. Government of Australia. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  9. ^ "Formicinae Latreille, 1809". Atlas of Living Australia. Government of Australia. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
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