List of serial killers in the United States

From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

A serial killer is typically a person who kills three or more people, with the murders taking place over more than a month and including a significant period of time between them.[1][2] The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) defines serial murder as "a series of two or more murders, committed as separate events, usually, but not always, by one offender acting alone".[2][3]

The United States has by far the largest number of documented serial killers in the world. According to Radford University's Serial Killer Information Center, it has more documented serial killers than the next ten highest countries on the list.[4]

Identified serial killers[edit]

Unidentified serial killers[edit]

This is a list of unidentified serial killers who committed crimes within the United States.

Name Years active Proven victims Possible victims Region where active Notes Ref.
Albuquerque serial killer 2021–2022 3 4 NM Suspected of killing four Muslim men in drive-by shootings from November 2021 to August 2022. Muhammad Syed was arrested and charged with three of the murders. He has been convicted in one of the murders and awaits trial on the other two. He is also suspected in the fourth murder, but has not been charged so far. [738]
Alphabet murders 1971–1973 3 3 NY Also known as the "Double Initial Murders"; murders of three young girls in the Rochester, New York area in the early 1970s [739]
Ann Arbor Hospital murders 1975 10 10 MI Poisonings of 10 patients at the Veteran's Administration Hospital in 1975. Two nurses, Filipina Narciso and Leonora Perez, were convicted but a new trial was ordered because of prosecutorial misconduct. The prosecution chose to drop the charges rather than retry. [740][741]
Atlanta child murders 1979–1981 28 30 GA A series of murders committed in Atlanta, Georgia, between July 1979 and May 1981. Over the two-year period, at least 28 children, adolescents, and adults were killed. Wayne Williams was charged and sentenced for the two adult murders, with 24 of the other murders attributed to him.
Atlanta Lover's Lane Murders 1977 3 3 GA A series of unsolved shootings of couples in Atlanta from January to March 1977
Atlanta Ripper 1911 15 15–21 GA Mystery murderer(s) of 15 Atlanta women in 1911 [742]
Axeman of New Orleans 1918–1919 6 6 LA Responsible for the deaths of six or seven people in New Orleans and the surrounding areas from 1918 to 1919 [743]
Bag murders 1975–1977 6 6 NY Murders and dismemberment of gay men in Lower Manhattan, whose body parts were wrapped in garbage bags and thrown into the Hudson River; convicted murderer Paul Bateson was a prime suspect in the killings, but never charged [744]
Bigfoot Killer 1975 7 7 MI Raped and murdered sex workers in Detroit; nicknamed derived from the suspect's large hands and feet [745]
Boca Raton murders 2007 3 3 FL Three unsolved murders of women committed at the Town Center Mall in Boca Raton, Florida in 2007 [746]
Boston Strangler 1962–1964 13 13 MA 1960s deaths of 13 women (five young, eight older), mostly with their own stockings as ligature. Albert DeSalvo confessed to the murders, but was never indicted; DNA evidence tested in 2013 suggested his guilt in one of the cases [747]
Bouncing Ball Killer 1959–1960 6 7+ CA Series of murders targeted towards elderly women in Los Angeles; convicted murderer Raymond Ward Clemmons confessed to the murders, but he was never charged due to a lie detector proving he was being untruthful [748]
Bra murders 1967–1971 5 5 CT Strangulations of five black women, mostly prostitutes and drug addicts, in Stamford, Connecticut; schizophrenic preacher Benjamin Franklin Miller was prosecuted for the crimes, but acquitted by reason of insanity, leaving his true guilt in question [749]
Castration serial murders 1980–1986 2 5+ WY, PA, UT, GA, CT Series of murders of men who were shot in the back of the head and then castrated post-mortem [750]
Charlie Chop-off 1972–1974 4 4 NY Murders of five boys in Manhattan in 1972 and 1973. A mental patient confessed to one slashing death. Four stabbings also involving mutilation remain unsolved [751]
Chicago Strangler 2001–2021 55 75+ IL Raped and strangled predominantly African-American prostitutes and other vulnerable women in Chicago; could possibly be multiple serial killers [752]
Cincinnati Strangler 1965–1966 7 7 OH Raped and strangled seven mostly elderly women in Cincinnati, Ohio, between 1965 and 1966; Cab driver Posteal Laskey Jr. is commonly believed to be culprit [753]
Cleveland Torso Murderer 1935–1938 12 40+ OH Also known as the "Mad Butcher of Kingsbury Run"; responsible for 12–13 murders in the Cleveland, Ohio area in the 1930s [754]
Colonial Parkway Killer 1986–1989 8 8 VA Believed to have murdered at least eight people in Virginia between 1986 and 1989; left three couples dead and one couple missing and presumed dead. In January 2024, authorities announced that at least two of the murders had been conclusively linked to an official suspect, Alan W. Wilmer Sr., a local fisherman who died in 2017. Wilmer was also identified as a suspect in an unrelated third murder.[755][756] [757][758]
Columbus murders 1965–1966 3 3 OH Three fatal shootings committed in Columbus and West Jefferson [759]
Connecticut River Valley Killer 1978–1987 7 7+ MA, NH, VT Stabbed at least six women to death in New England in the 1980s, severely injured one [760]
Cumminsville murders 1904–1910 5 5 OH Series of brutal murders and mutilations of women in the Cincinnati neighborhood of South Cumminsville [761]
Dayton Strangler 1900–1909 6 6 OH Murdered five women and one man in Dayton, Ohio, in the early 20th-century; one man was wrongfully convicted for the murders [762]
Denver Prostitute Killer 1975–1995 17 27 CO Abducted, raped and strangled young girls and women around Denver and its various suburbs [763]
Denver Strangler 1894–1903 3 5 CO Strangled three prostitutes in Denver in 10 weeks; also thought to be responsible in two more murders [764]
Doodler 1974–1975 6 16 CA Sketched then stabbed to death gay men in San Francisco, California in the 1970s [765]
Dr. No 1981–1990 9 9+ OH, IL, NY, PA Suspected of raping and strangling prostitutes alongside the Interstate 71; his first suspected victim is Marcia King, who was identified in 2018. Samuel Legg III, a trucker, has been arrested and charged but thus far (as of 2020) is incompetent to stand trial. He is receiving psychiatric treatment while they try to restore competency. [766][767]
Eastbound Strangler 2006 4 4 NJ Murdered four women near Atlantic City, New Jersey, in 2006. [768][769]
Edgecombe County serial killer 2000s 9 10 NC Murders of nine women and disappearance of another since 2005 around Rocky Mount, North Carolina. Antwan Pittman has been convicted in one case [770]
Flat-Tire murders 1975–1976 12 35 FL Killed young girls and women in Broward and Miami-Dade Counties by offering help with fixing their car tires, before he sexually assaulted them and drowned them in canals [771]
Flint Serial Slasher 2009–2010 5 5 MI, OH, VA Stabbing attacks against mostly small-framed African-American men, with the main area being Flint, Michigan; an Israeli national, Elias Abuelazam, has been convicted in one of the murders and remains the prime suspect in the other four [772]
Fort Myers Eight murders Mid-1990s 8 8 FL The remains of eight adult men discovered murdered in a wooded area in Fort Myers, Florida, on March 23, 2007. The men are believed to have been at the location since the mid-1990s. Convicted murderer and serial rapist Daniel Conahan has been named as the prime suspect [773][774]
Frankford Slasher 1985–1990 8 9 PA Allegedly responsible for nine murders in the Frankford neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Leonard Christopher was convicted of one murder; another murder was committed in same style while he was incarcerated; believed to still be at large [775][776]
Freeway Phantom 1971–1972 6 6 DC Raped and strangled six young women and girls in Washington, D.C., in the early 1970s, dumping their bodies by freeways [777]
Gilgo Beach serial killings 1996–2010 10 17 NY Suspected of killing eight women, a man and a child since 1996 and dumping their bodies along remote beaches in Suffolk and Nassau County, New York. The killer has been referred to as the Gilgo Beach killer because of the location where the first bodies were found. In July 2023, Rex Heuerman was arrested and has been charged with four of the murders. [778][779][780][781]
Gold Sock Killer 1973 3 3 FL Strangled a woman and two teenage girls to death with socks [782]
Golden Years Murders 1990–1996 13 13+ VA Murders of elderly women in Richmond, Virginia; murderer Leslie Burchart was convicted for some of the killings, but his guilt is disputed [783]
Great Basin Killer 1983–1997 4 4+ WY, UT, NV, ID Allegedly responsible for the "Great Basin Murders", in which young girls and women were raped and killed across the Great Basin area; initially consisting of nine supposed murders, those have since been solved and attributed to different perpetrators [784]
Gulf Killer 1971–1979 16 16+ FL A series of unsolved murders that occurred primarily in Pasco County, Florida in the 1970s; likely multiple killers [785]
Gypsy Hill killings 1976 5 5+ CA Known as the "San Mateo slasher"; five unsolved killings, of young women in San Mateo County, California, during early 1976; in 2014, the FBI named Rodney Halbower as a person of interest in the Gypsy Hill killings; as of 2018, he has been convicted in two of the murders [786][787]
Hog Trail Murders 1993–1996 6 12 FL Mutilated bodies of young men found in Charlotte County, Florida; thought to be linked to Daniel Conahan, who was charged and convicted of one of the murders [788]
Harbor City serial shootings 1993 3 3 CA Shot four black men from his Jeep, three of them fatally [789]
Honolulu Strangler 1985–1986 5 5 HI Raped and strangled five young women in Hawaii in 1985 and 1986 [790][791]
I-45 Killer 1980 0 4+ TX Strangled four known victims in 1980 and sexually assaulted some. Two of the four women have never been identified. [792]
I-70 killer 1992–2001 6 9 IN, MO, KS
TX (suspected)
Killed and robbed six store clerks around the Midwestern United States [793]
I-70 Strangler 1980–1991 12 12 IN, OH Killed gay men and dumped their bodies near I-70; suspected serial killer Herb Baumeister is considered the prime suspect in the case [794]
Jeff Davis 8 2005–2009 8 8 LA The bodies of eight women were found in swamps and canals surrounding Jennings, Louisiana. Originally thought to be a serial killer, but multiple suspects may be involved [795][796]
Kauai serial killer 2000 2 2 HI Kidnapped, raped, beat, and stabbed women to death on the Kauai island of Hawaii. [797]
Little Rock serial stabbings 2020–2021 3 3 AR Random stabbing murders against strangers that occurred in Little Rock, Arkansas [798]
Lone Woman Murders 1943–1949 9 12+ CA Over nine unsolved femicides committed in Los Angeles that involved sexual mutilation, including the famous Black Dahlia murder [799]
Main South Woodsman 2002–2004 3 5 MA Murdered prostitutes picked up from Worcester's Main South neighborhood, dumping the bodies in various towns across the state and neighboring Maine. Convicted murderer Alex Scesny is considered the prime suspect, but has never been charged. [800]
The Man from the Train 1900–1912 0 40+ USA Probably Paul Mueller. Killed whole families in their sleep, from the east coast to the west, arriving and departing by train. Existence (and probable but not proven identity) discovered over 100 years after the murders, by analysis of contemporary records, showing a markedly common modus operandi for many previously unconnected crimes. [801][802][803][804]
Miami Strangler 1964–1970 9 11 FL Murdered at least nine women in Miami, Florida, between 1964 and 1970 [805]
Michigan Murders 1967–1969 1 7 MI Raped, stabbed, and strangled young women between the ages of 13 and 21 in the Washtenaw County area of Michigan. John Norman Collins was convicted of the last murder in the series and strongly suspected to be responsible for all seven murders attributed to the same perpetrator. [806]
Mulatto Axe Murders 1911–1912 35 49+ LA, TX Axe murders of a minimum of twelve African-American and interracial families along the Southern Pacific railroad line running through Louisiana and Texas. Raymond Barnabet was tried and convicted of the murders of one family. His teenage daughter, Clementine Barnabet was arrested shortly afterwards following the murder of another family and confessed to the murders of 35 others. She was later convicted of one murder, but released from prison in 1923. Both convictions have been disputed by historians. No one has ever been charged with the other slayings [807]
New Bedford Highway Killer 1988–1989 9 11 MA Murders of nine women and disappearance of two others between 1988 and 1989 [808]
Oakland County Child Killer 1976–1977 4 4+ MI Also known as the "Babysitter"; responsible for the murders of four or more children in Oakland County, Michigan in 1976 and 1977 [809]
Oklahoma City Butcher 1976–1986 3 3 OK Killed and mutilated 3 women in Oklahoma City between 1976 and 1986 [810]
Phantom Killer 1946 5 5 TX Believed to have committed the Texarkana Moonlight Murders in Texas between February 23 and May 4, 1946 [811]
Pittsburg serial murders 1998–1999 5 5 CA Single or multiple offenders who murdered one man and four women over three months in the city of Pittsburg, California [812]
1996 Raleigh murders 1996 6 6 NC Series of murders and rapes across the Raleigh, North Carolina area; multiple killers are suspected, including one who was convicted of two murders [813][814][815]
Redhead murders 1978–1992 8 11 TN, AR, KY, MS, PA, WV Series of unsolved homicides believed to have been committed by an unidentified serial killer in Tennessee, Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, Pennsylvania and West Virginia, also known as "The Bible Belt Strangler" [816][817]
Sacramento Mad Killer 1940–1941 5 6+ CA Unidentified serial killer who murdered middle-aged men picked up from bars in the Sacramento area [818]
San Diego serial murders 1985–1990 43 43+ CA Murders of women, predominantly prostitutes and drug addicts, across San Diego County. Initially believed to be a single serial killer, but later determined to be multiple killers. [819]
Santa Rosa hitchhiker murders 1972–1973 7 7+ CA A series of at least seven unsolved homicides involving female hitchhikers that took place in Sonoma County and Santa Rosa of the North Bay area of California in 1972 and 1973 [820]
Servant Girl Annihilator 1884–1885 8 8 TX Also known as the "Austin Axe Murderer"; responsible for at least seven murders in Austin, Texas between 1884 and 1885 [821]
Skid Row Stabber 1978–1979 11 11 CA Murdered homeless men in Los Angeles' Skid Row neighborhood; Bobby Joe Maxwell was falsely convicted of two of the murders and accused of the rest, and died while in a coma prior to being exonerated [822]
South Florida serial murders 1997–2001 3 10+ FL Murdered women, most of whom were homeless or prostitutes, primarily by strangling, four of the ten murders have been solved [823]
Smiley face murder theory 1990s–2000s 0 40+ USA Theoretical serial killer(s) thought by some sources to have drowned college-aged young men across the northern part of the country since 1997; most experts suggest that the deaths were accidental [824]
South Memphis prostitute killings 2011 3 4 TN Murders of three sex workers in Memphis, Tennessee, in the winter of 2011; possibly linked to a fourth murder committed in 2015 [825]
Storyville Slayer 1991–1996 24 24+ LA Abducted, strangled and drowned predominantly female prostitutes around New Orleans; thought to be multiple killers [826]
Stockton serial shootings 2021–2022 7 7 CA Shot one man to death in Oakland and five in Stockton and shot a woman in Stockton who survived her injuries. Wesley Brownlee was arrested for the murders on October 15, 2022. [827][828][829]
Suitland murders 1986–1987 5 9 MD, DC Abducted, raped and stabbed to death women around Suitland, Maryland; convicted murderer Alton Alonso Best is considered the prime suspect [830]
Texas Killing Fields 1970s–2000s 4 30+ TX Since the early 1970s, roughly 30 bodies have been extracted from the fields, mainly consisting of young girls. As of March 2024, six of the cases have been definitively solved, and authorities now believe that multiple offenders are involved.
Tube Sock Killings 1985 4 6 WA Unsolved murders which occurred in the remote community of Mineral in Washington [831]
West Mesa murders 2003–2009 11 11+ NM Remains of 11 women, who disappeared between 2003 and 2005, found buried in the desert in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 2009 and attributed to a bone collector [832]
Zodiac Killer 1968–1974 5 37 CA
NV (possible)
Targeted young couples. Remains unsolved but open in the California jurisdictions the five certain Zodiac murders occurred. Potentially 37 total victims claimed but unverified. [833]

See also[edit]

International:

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ronald M. Holmes; Stephen T. Holmes (1998). Contemporary Perspectives on Serial Murder. SAGE Publications. p. 1. ISBN 0-7619-1421-8. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2016. Serial murder is the killing of three or more people over a period of more than 30 days, with a significant cooling-off period between the murders [...] The baseline number of three victims appears to be most common among those who are the academic authorities in the field. The time frame also appears to be an agreed-upon component of the definition.
  2. ^ a b Burkhalter Chmelir 2003, p. 1.
  3. ^ Morton 2005, p. 4, 9.
  4. ^ "Countries with the Most Serial Killers 2024". worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  5. ^ Abhi Raghunathan (December 6, 2006). "DNA solves two murders, police say". Tampa Bay Times. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  6. ^ "Man convicted of 3 NY killings gets 75 to life". January 17, 2012. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
  7. ^ "Eddie Adams – Killer of the Prohibition Era – Legends of America". Archived from the original on February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
  8. ^ Pierrette J. Shields (May 30, 2013). "Boulder County Sheriff's detective closes case on 1982 stabbing of Boulder woman". Longmont Times-Call. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved July 9, 2022.
  9. ^ "Illinois Executes Man Who Killed 3 For Inheritance". The New York Times. September 21, 1995. Archived from the original on November 22, 2021.
  10. ^ Curry, Josh (2016). Killer Photographer: The True Story of Rodney Alcala. CreateSpace. ISBN 978-1-5393-5225-9.
  11. ^ "Franklin DeWayne Alix #1200". www.clarkprosecutor.org. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
  12. ^ "STATE EXECUTES SLAYER, RAPIST". The News & Observer. October 31, 1942. Archived from the original on July 15, 2022. Retrieved July 15, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ "ALLEN, HOWARD A. # 56". Indiana Death Row. Prosecuting Attorney Clark County Indiana. July 1, 2006. Archived from the original on December 8, 2017. Retrieved January 23, 2007.
  14. ^ a b c Newton, Michael (2006). The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers (2nd ed.). Checkmark Books. ISBN 978-0-8160-6196-9.
  15. ^ John Monk (November 16, 2009). "Death sentence upheld for Mafia wannabe". The State. Archived from the original on August 20, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
  16. ^ "Fort Worth Star-Telegram 30 May 1995, page 13". Newspapers.com. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
  17. ^ "Admitted serial killer will never be eligible for parole". The Charlotte Observer. September 5, 1998. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved January 9, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ "Las Vegas slaying suspect makes FBI's 'Most Wanted' list". Las Vegas Sun. February 22, 1998. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved December 11, 2021.
  19. ^ Levy, Larry (October 23, 2008). "Slaying details emerge in Tulsa". The Oklahoman. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.
  20. ^ "Stephen Wayne Anderson, a murderous creep with an IQ of 136, earned admiration and awards from the literary community while writing on death row". New York Daily News. August 22, 2015. Archived from the original on September 16, 2018. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
  21. ^ "Death Row Inmate Was Calm, Alone to End". Los Angeles Times. January 30, 2002. Archived from the original on June 7, 2023.
  22. ^ "Last meals of death row inmates". CBS News. November 2, 2015. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
  23. ^ "Federal Prisoners Charged for Murder of Cellmate". FBI. October 3, 2012. Archived from the original on April 30, 2023. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
  24. ^ "Nurse gets 50 years to life". Times Daily. January 25, 1990. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
  25. ^ Marks, V.; Richmond, C. (2008). "William Archerd: a serial matrimonialist killer". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 101 (2): 63–66. doi:10.1258/jrsm.2007.071001. PMC 2254464. PMID 18299624.
  26. ^ Ryan, Bill (March 2, 1997). "Whatever Went Wrong With Amy?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  27. ^ Melissa Sanford (December 14, 2003). "In Utah, a Notorious Killer's Death on Death Row Leaves Mixed Emotions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 9, 2021.
  28. ^ "Navy vet faces charges in serial sex killings – April 14, 2000". CNN. Archived from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  29. ^ "Crack addict confesses he killed women". Kingman Daily Miner. AP. August 30, 1992. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  30. ^ Byrd, Caitlin (January 12, 2017). "To the Archives! In one year, Charleston County faced five death penalty trials". Post and Courier. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  31. ^ Stewart, Tim; Hernandez, Erica; Waldman, Leigh (August 24, 2022). "The San Antonio Strangler: South Texas Crime Stories". KSAT. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  32. ^ JB Nicholas (September 19, 2018). "Ex-Marine 'Serial Killer' Sentenced to 100 Years for Mother's Day Murders of 2 Girls". Oxygen.com. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  33. ^ David Stout (August 9, 1996). "Trenton Man Faces Charges in the Slayings of 4 Women". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019.
  34. ^ Mara Bovsun (January 7, 2012). "Justice Story: 'Queens creeper' Joseph Baldi kills 4 women - 3 after he was freed from Creedmoor". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on May 29, 2021.
  35. ^ "Danny Barber–Death Penalty Information Center". www.deathpenaltyinfo.org. Archived from the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved April 22, 2018.
  36. ^ "Velma Margie Barfield #29". Office of the Clark County Prosecuting Attorney. Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2008.
  37. ^ Lawrence Buser (September 5, 1997). "Multiple persona pleads guilty to 3 unsolved murders". The Commercial Appeal. p. 15. Archived from the original on December 17, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. ^ "Adolph James Rode a.k.a Cesar Barone: Life event" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  39. ^ "'Panther' is executed". Pittsburgh Courier. September 4, 1926. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
  40. ^ Mary Vorsino (December 13, 2003). "Man killed 3 Honolulu women over 36-year period". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. ^ "Pilly Bartlett, Wyoming's Amazing Poisoner" (PDF). Buckrail. December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
  42. ^ Natasha Albert; Erin Allen; Sherri Armistead; Josh Bradley. "Herb Baumeister "The I-70 Strangler"" (PDF). Department of Psychology, Radford University. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 15, 2017. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  43. ^ Jim Fitzgerald (July 11, 2002). "Yonkers serial sex killer gets 75 years to life". The Daily Gazette. Archived from the original on September 2, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  44. ^ McLaughlin, Tom. "Inmate gets wish, sentenced to death for third Florida murder". The Northwest Florida Daily News. Archived from the original on March 3, 2022. Retrieved March 3, 2022.
  45. ^ Egelko, Bob; Fimrite, Peter; Fagan, Kevin (January 19, 2005). "Murderer Beardslee executed / Lethal injection at San Quentin after governor, high court deny final appeals". SFGATE. Archived from the original on January 16, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
  46. ^ a b Flowers, R. Barre (2013). Killers of the Lonely Hearts: The Tale of Serial Killers Raymond Fernandez & Martha Beck. ASIN B00E6VETEM.
  47. ^ Ruby Gonzalez (April 19, 2011). "South Whittier killer of four gets death penalty". Whittier Daily News. Archived from the original on October 3, 2021.
  48. ^ Rosewood, Jack (2015). Robert Berdella: The True Story of the Kansas City Butcher. London: CreateSpace. ISBN 978-1-517-25635-7.
  49. ^ Abrahamsen, David (1985). Confessions of Son of Sam. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-05760-1.
  50. ^ "BETTERTON ELECTROCUTED; PROTESTS INNOCENCE". Monett Times. July 16, 1920. Archived from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  51. ^ Schwarz, Ted. The Hillside Strangler, Quill Driver Books. 2004. ISBN 1-884956-37-8
  52. ^ "Richard Biegenwald, 'Thrill Killer' of Five People, Dies at 67". The New York Times. March 11, 2008. Archived from the original on July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  53. ^ "Judge outraged; mass murderer gets life instead". Valley News. March 30, 1977. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  54. ^ Hickey, Eric W. (2009). Serial Murderers and their Victims (5th ed.). Wadsworth. p. 191. ISBN 978-4-9560081-4-3. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  55. ^ "Bishop Found Guilty Of Murdering 5 Boys". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. March 20, 1984. p. 8–A. Archived from the original on February 15, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  56. ^ a b Furio, Jennifer (2001). Team Killers: A Comparative Study of Collaborative Criminals. Algora Publishing. ISBN 1-892941-63-5. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  57. ^ "Clipped From Lexington Herald-Leader". Lexington Herald-Leader. April 26, 2008. p. 14. Archived from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  58. ^ John O'Brien and Edward Baumann (August 17, 1986). "MURDER CROSSING". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 9, 2019.
  59. ^ "Blair Sentenced To Life Without Parole". KMBC.com. April 24, 2008. Retrieved March 9, 2012. [permanent dead link]
  60. ^ Eric Ayres (May 28, 2022). "Triple-Murderer Eugene Blake Up for Parole Next Month". The Intelligencer and Wheeling News Register. Archived from the original on June 6, 2022.
  61. ^ "Convicted Killer an Extra in Val Kilmer Movie". Albuquerque Journal. March 12, 2009. Archived from the original on January 15, 2023. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
  62. ^ "Florida executes former carnival worker guilty of killing 3 women". Fox News. January 8, 2016. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
  63. ^ Christine Pelisek (February 8, 2022). "1980s Serial Killer Who Murdered Women in Oregon Identified as Convicted Criminal John Charles Bolsinger". People. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022.
  64. ^ Rosewood, Jack (2015). William Bonin: The True Story of the Freeway Killer. CreateSpace. ISBN 978-1-5196-3119-0.
  65. ^ Article about trial of Laster and murder of Lara
  66. ^ Greenville County Clerk of Courts records
  67. ^ "SUSPECT IN GAY SLAYINGS CALLED VOLATILE 'WILD CARD'". The Washington Post. June 25, 1994. Archived from the original on August 23, 2019. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
  68. ^ "Execution Report: Charles Boyd". Archived from the original on October 22, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  69. ^ McAdams, Ann (October 14, 2021). "Crimes of the Cape Fear: Serial killer James Bradley kills two Wilmington women". WECT News. Archived from the original on January 24, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
  70. ^ Deadly Obsession Archived November 10, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, CBS News, May 25, 2006
  71. ^ "Accused serial killer Joseph Brant pleads not guilty to three New Orleans murders". September 17, 2018. Archived from the original on September 10, 2021. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
  72. ^ Gross, Daniel J.; Lafleur, Elizabeth; Cavallaro, Gabe (October 5, 2018). "Greenville cold case solved: Jenny Zitricki killed by serial killer Robert Brashers in 1990, police say". Greenville News. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
  73. ^ Bruce Hammond (June 30, 1982). "Letters reveal little of shooting motive". Times-News. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  74. ^ "Illinois Serial Killer Pleads Guilty in 8 Deaths". The New York Times. May 31, 2006. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  75. ^ "Man gets 245 years for three killings in Indiana". NBC News. November 4, 2006. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021.
  76. ^ "Rampage: The Briley brothers terrorized Richmond area". Richmond Times-Dispatch. May 30, 2009. Archived from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  77. ^ Kelsey Stein (June 14, 2013). "Alabama death row inmate's petition to review case declined in 1997 slaying of wife, her 4-year-old grandson". The Birmingham News. Archived from the original on August 1, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  78. ^ "3 Slain in 6 Weeks, Man, Girl Held". The Evening Star. May 14, 1937. Archived from the original on August 20, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  79. ^ "Suspected Serial Killer Gets Life in Prison For Murdering Prostitute, Charged in 6 Other Killings". Fox News. March 8, 2007. Archived from the original on September 17, 2021. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
  80. ^ "Texas killer may have murdered 18 women". United Press International. June 1, 2005. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
  81. ^ a b Wilkinson, Howard (April 24, 2002). "Alton Coleman finally faces justice". Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  82. ^ "'Man was a murderer': Tip from worker at bookstore leads to capture of suspected Metro Detroit serial killer. February 25, 2020". February 26, 2020. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  83. ^ Steve Prince (May 14, 1988). "Brown sentenced to electric chair". Montgomery Advertiser. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  84. ^ "Jerome Brudos". A&E Television Networks. April 27, 2017. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
  85. ^ Patrick George (September 1, 2012). "Relatives of victims in 1970s slayings fear inmate's release". Austin American-Statesman. Archived from the original on August 29, 2021.
  86. ^ Anderson, Chris; Sharon McGehee (1992). Bodies of Evidence: The Shocking True Story of America's Most Chilling Serial Murderess... From Crime Scene to Courtroom to Electric Chair. St. Martin's True Crime. ISBN 0-312-92806-8.
  87. ^ Shipp, E. R. (November 30, 1982). "MAN WHO KILLED 6 TO GET A 'HIGH' GIVEN LIFE TERM". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
  88. ^ "Ocala Star-Banner - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Archived from the original on September 29, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
  89. ^ Greig, Charlotte (2005). Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters. New York: Barnes & Noble. p. 42. ISBN 0-7607-7566-4.
  90. ^ Dekle, George R. Sr. (2011). The Last Murder: The Investigation, Prosecution, and Execution of Ted Bundy. Santa Barbara: Praeger (Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC). ISBN 978-0-313-39743-1.
  91. ^ Profile, Department of Psychology, Radford University. Archived March 20, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  92. ^ "Serial killer Burchart dies in prison at 52". Daily Press. August 18, 2002. Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  93. ^ Cristina Chang (August 8, 2012). "Long trail, sometimes cold, led to arrest in slayings from 1978, 1994". Las Vegas Sun. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
  94. ^ "How 'Killers of the Flower Moon' Captures the True Story of the Osage Murders". TIME. October 20, 2023. Archived from the original on November 9, 2023. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  95. ^ Stacey Mulick (July 25, 2010). "Piecing together the portrait of a serial killer". The News Tribune. p. A1. Archived from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved October 5, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  96. ^ "People v. Busch - 56 Cal.2d 868 - Wed, 11/22/1961 | California Supreme Court Resources". scocal.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on January 31, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2022.
  97. ^ "Believe Maniac Murderer of Six". Sioux County Pioneer. July 2, 1915. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  98. ^ Linda Ireland (December 15, 2013). "Death of a serial killer: James Ray Cable". The News Enterprise. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
  99. ^ "Clallam inmate who died was state's 'first known serial killer'". Peninsula Daily News. December 30, 2012. Archived from the original on January 23, 2022. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
  100. ^ Henderson (2008), "Rescuing African Americans", p. 328
  101. ^ Wolfe, Linda (1998). Love Me to Death: A Journalist's Memoir of the Hunt for Her Friend's Killer. Open Road Media. ISBN 978 1-4976-3744-3.
  102. ^ The Want-Ad Killer: Harvey Carignan, by Ann Rule
  103. ^ "Convicted Fresno County killer and death row inmate found dead in prison". ABC 30 Fresno. January 31, 2017. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  104. ^ Schechter, Harold (2004). The Serial Killer Files: The Who, What, Where, How, and Why of the World's Most Terrifying Murderers. Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-46566-5.
  105. ^ "Serial killer provided a glimpse into warped mind". McClatchy. July 21, 2007.
  106. ^ a b Reynolds, Richard D. (February 1, 2010). Cry for War, the Story of Suzan and Michael Carson. CreateSpace. ISBN 978-1-4392-7049-3.
  107. ^ a b c Lane, Brian; Wilfred Gregg (1995). The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. Berkley Books. ISBN 0-425-15213-8.
  108. ^ "Killer put to death for '87 slayings". Associated Press. December 8, 2000. p. 3. Archived from the original on August 24, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
  109. ^ Emsley, John (January 1, 2008). Molecules of Murder: Criminal Molecules and Classic Cases. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-0-85404-965-3. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  110. ^ "ExecutedToday.com » jarvis catoe". Archived from the original on September 29, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
  111. ^ "3 life sentences, for killer Billy Lee Chadd". Chula Vista Star-News. October 28, 1982. p. 4. Archived from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved February 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  112. ^ "Florida police crack 23-year-old strangulation case with DNA testing". Fox News Channel. February 25, 2014. Archived from the original on November 27, 2015.
  113. ^ Bovsun, Mara (January 2, 2010). "Just crazy for blood: Richard Trenton Chase, a.k.a. the Vampire of Sacramento". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on August 2, 2018. Retrieved September 15, 2016.
  114. ^ "Suspect in officer's murder had served time for slayings". The Californian. March 27, 1987. Retrieved March 13, 2024 – via newspapers.com.
  115. ^ "Man Who Killed 5 L.A. Gays in 1980s Gets Life Sentence". Archived from the original on October 22, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
  116. ^ Michael Graczyk (April 22, 2003). "Tied to 12 deaths, Dallas "thrill killer" executed". Plainview Daily Herald. Archived from the original on August 7, 2022.
  117. ^ "Man serving life in prison indicted on third murder". HISTORIC CITY NEWS. May 10, 2010. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2021.
  118. ^ "Elroy Chester #1334". www.clarkprosecutor.org. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  119. ^ Vicki Smith (September 4, 2009). "FBI calls serial killer suspect in cold case". Times West Virginian. Archived from the original on April 9, 2021. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  120. ^ Jessica A. York (April 10, 2017). "Aptos serial killer Terry Childs convicted of two new murders from 1980s". Santa Cruz Sentinel. Archived from the original on September 12, 2021.
  121. ^ "'American Jack the Ripper' charged in go-go girl's death". Associated Press. February 17, 1985. Archived from the original on September 30, 2022. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  122. ^ Manson, Joe, The Daily Nexus, June 4, 1980, p. 1.
  123. ^ Hardy, Dave, Santa Barbara News-Press, June 18, 1980, p. B-1.
  124. ^ Profile of Joseph Christopher Archived October 12, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Radford/FGCU Serial Killer Database; accessed December 9, 2014.
  125. ^ Greig, Charlotte (2005). Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters. New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-7607-7566-4.
  126. ^ Andrew Michaels (November 19, 2015). "Convicted killer pleads guilty to 1984 murder". The Columbia Flier. Archived from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
  127. ^ "A Mania For Poison". The Memphis Daily Appeal. June 21, 1885. Archived from the original on September 3, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
  128. ^ "CRIME: Buttermilk Bluebeard". Time. May 6, 1946. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on November 5, 2019. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  129. ^ Alison Bath (August 14, 2015). "Triple murder ends serial killer's rampage". The Town Talk. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  130. ^ Wride, Nancy (April 26, 1992). "Condemned and Waiting: Cynthia Coffman Came West for a New Life; Now She Faces 2nd Death Sentence". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  131. ^ Greig, Charlotte (2005). Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters. New York: Barnes & Noble. p. 189. ISBN 0-7607-7566-4.
  132. ^ "Claims He Killed 3 S.D. Women, Many Others: Death Row Inmate Won't Appeal Dec. 6 Execution - Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times. November 28, 1985. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
  133. ^ Greig, Charlotte (2005). Evil serial killers: In the minds of monsters. Barnes & Noble. ISBN 9780760775660.
  134. ^ "Claims He Killed 3 S.D. Women, Many Others : Death Row Inmate Won't Appeal Dec. 6 Execution". Los Angeles Times. November 28, 1985. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023.
  135. ^ "8 Slayings Confessed By Coleman". Missoulian. September 11, 1943. p. 1. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved January 1, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  136. ^ "Harvey Collins Dies On Gallows For Sword Murder". Peninsula Daily News. December 3, 1957. Archived from the original on December 24, 2021. Retrieved December 24, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  137. ^ "Serial killer already serving two life sentences gets another 30 years for murdering Somers Point woman". April 8, 2011. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
  138. ^ "Miami Man Confesses In 6 Prostitute Slayings". Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel. June 27, 1995. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  139. ^ a b Seewer, John (2000). "2 admit 9 Toledo slayings in '80s Archived November 11, 2023, at the Wayback Machine" Associated Press, April 7, 2000
  140. ^ a b c d "'Zebra' cult killings rite?". Boca Raton News. UPI. May 2, 1974. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
  141. ^ WRAL (April 20, 2010). "Samuel Cooper gets life for shooting deaths". WRAL.com. Archived from the original on December 20, 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2021.
  142. ^ a b Greig, Charlotte (2005). Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters. New York: Barnes & Noble. pp. 64–65. ISBN 0-7607-7566-4.
  143. ^ a b Bovsun, Mara (March 25, 2008). "The case of the vanishing vagrants". The New York Daily News. Archived from the original on February 22, 2016. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
  144. ^ a b Miller, Tom (1993). The Copeland Killings. New York: Pinnacle Books. pp. 1–304. ISBN 1-55817-675-6.
  145. ^ a b Granger, Shawn (2007). Family Bones Volume 1. La Verne, California: King Tractor Press. pp. 1–176. ISBN 978-0-9787486-0-9.
  146. ^ a b Granger, Shawn (2010). Family Bones Volume 2. La Verne, California: King Tractor Press. pp. 1–170. ISBN 978-0-9787486-1-6.
  147. ^ a b Olsen, Jack (1974). The Man with the Candy: The Story of the Houston Mass Murders. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-1283-0.
  148. ^ Cray, Ed (1973). Burden of Proof: The Case of Juan Corona. Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-528770-2.
  149. ^ Kidder, Tracy (1974). The Road to Yuba City: A Journey into the Juan Corona Murders. Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-02865-2.
  150. ^ "Fight the Death Penalty in USA - Executions in 1998". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  151. ^ Coleman, Jack. "Today in Cape history: Tony Costa arraigned in Truro murders" [permanent dead link]. Cape Cod Confidential. CapeCodToday.com June 12, 2008.
  152. ^ "AROUND THE NATION; Six San Jose Slayings Are Linked to Dead Man". The New York Times. October 17, 1984. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021.
  153. ^ Mark Morales (December 5, 2022). "'Times Square killer' pleads guilty to 1 woman's murder and admits killing 4 others". CNN. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022.
  154. ^ Jennifer Lin (March 4, 2006). "Murderer of three given triple life terms: Juan Covington, his lawyer said, was driven to shoot five victims by a conviction that "he had a mission to exterminate the devil."". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013.
  155. ^ "Had Many Victims". San Juan County Index. January 20, 1899. Archived from the original on September 2, 2021. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
  156. ^ Twila Decker (July 20, 1997). "The Killer Next Door?". The Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2020.
  157. ^ Jury recommends death penalty for El Dorado County Murderer. The Press-Tribune. August 8, 1985.
  158. ^ DUBOIS, STEVEN (February 23, 2013). "Oregon trucker who killed women now free in McMinnville". newsregister.com. News-Register Publishing. Archived from the original on March 30, 2017. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  159. ^ "Death sentence recommended for killer of four women - UPI Archives". UPI. Archived from the original on August 25, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
  160. ^ Walberg, Matthew; Daarel Burnette II; Stacy St. Clair (December 20, 2009). "Serial killer Andre Crawford spared death penalty". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  161. ^