Logorik language
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| Logorik | |
|---|---|
| Laggori, Liguri, Logori, Subori | |
| Native to | Sudan |
| Region | South Kordofan |
| Ethnicity | Logorik |
Native speakers | (2,000 cited 1971)[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | liu |
| Glottolog | logo1261 |
| ELP | Logorik |
 Logorik is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Logorik, Subori, or Saburi is a (critically) endangered[2][3] language spoken in Eastern Sudan and Western Chad.[4][5]
General information[edit]
It is a part of the Nilo-Saharan group and the subcategory of the Eastern Daju languages.[4][5] It is spoken by the Subori people in the Nuba Mountains and South Kordofan.[4][5]
Meinhof claims, that there are hardly any similarities between this language and other Kordofan languages vocabulary-wise.[6] At the same time, the Logorik-speaking community is overwhelmingly bilingual; other dominating languages being, among others, Arabic, (due to the Arabic migration in the region).[4][5] This causes a high percentage of loanwords and grammatical borrowings (mostly Arabic) in the Logorik language.[4]
Phonetics[edit]
Vowels[edit]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid-High | e | o | |
| Mid | ə | ||
| Low | a |
Consonants[edit]
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive/Affricate | Voiceless | p | t | (ʈ) | ʧ | k | (ʔ) |
| Voiced | b | d | (ɖ) | tʒ[a] | g | ||
| Implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ʄ | ||||
| Fricative | Voiceless | (f)[b] | s | x | h | ||
| Voiced | z | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Rhotic | r | (ɽ) | |||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Approximant | w | ||||||
Also, it is worth mentioning, that the glottal stops, symbolized by (ʔ), are present in Logorik.[4]
Tonality[edit]
Logorik is a tonal language, meaning there are high tones and falling tones.[4] When it comes to tones, the tone of a preceding syllable must be different from the one coming after it.[4]
Grammar[edit]
Genus[edit]
There is no feminine genus in the Logorik language morphology-wise.[4] There are however six other classes and their plural form depends on the final position of the singular form.[4]
Nouns[edit]
A plural form of a noun is created by adding an appropriate suffix.[4]
Verbs[edit]
There are only perfective and imperfective conjugations documented.[4] Prefixes and suffixes play a very important role in signaling the context/tense, e.g. future tense is shown by the prefix and háŋ-; habitual activities by a suffix -cà.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ Logorik at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Atlas of the world's languages in danger. Christopher Moseley, Alexandre Nicolas, Unesco, Unesco. Intangible Cultural Heritage Section (3rd ed. entirely revised, enlarged and updated ed.). Paris: Unesco. 2010. ISBN 978-92-3-104095-5. OCLC 610522460.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fenning, Charles D. (2020). Ethnoloɠue: Languages in Africa and Europe (23rd ed.). Dallas: SIL International Publications. p.279. ISBN 978-1-55671-458-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Manfredi, Stefano (2013). "Arabic borrowings in Laggori (Eastern Daju)". Nuba Mountain Language Studies. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. pp. 463–484.
- ^ a b c d Thelwall, Robin. 1978. Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju and Dinka. In Études nubiennes: Colloque de Chantilly, 2-6 juillet 1975, 265-286. Le Caire: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire.
- ^ Meinhof, Carl (1965) [1910-1919]. "Saburi". Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen. 7/9: 48–49.
External links[edit]