Mujahideen Brigades

From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia


Mujahideen Brigades
كتائب المجاهدين
Kataeb al-Mujahideen
Also known as
Other translations and transliterations
    • Hebrew: לוחמי הקודש, romanized: Lohmi Hakodsh, lit. 'Holy Warriors'.[a]
    • Hebrew: גדודי לוחמי הקודש, romanized: Gdudi Lohmi Hakodsh, lit. 'Holy Warriors Brigades'.[b]
    • Hebrew: גדודי אל-מוג'אהדין, romanized: Gdudi al‑Mujahideen.[c][3]
    • Hebrew: כתאיב אל-מוג’אהדין, romanized: Kataeb al‑Mujahideen.[d]
    • Al-Mujahideen Brigades.[4]
    • Kataeb Al-Mujahidin.[5]
    • Kataib Mujahideen.[6][7]
    • Persian: گردان های مجاهدین, lit. 'Mojahedin Battalions'.[e]
FounderOmar Attia Abu Sharia,[f][8][9]
Arabic: عمر عطية أبو شريعة Kunya: Abu Hafs[10][11] Arabic: أبو حفص
Secretary GeneralDr. As’ad Abu Shari’a,[12][13][14]
Arabic: أسعد أبو شريعة
Foundation2006
Split fromFatah Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades[4]
Allegiance Palestine
Palestinian Joint Operations Room,[g] and Alliance of Palestinian Forces[citation needed]
HeadquartersKhan Younis
Active regions
Ideology
StatusActive
Part of
Allies
Militant
Religious
Rightly Guided Caliphs [23][24] Arabic: مجمع الخلفاء الراشدين الدعوي
Battles and wars
Websitewww.km-pal.ps
Martyrs of the Occupied Interior
شهداء الداخل المحتل
Also known as"Dāham" Arabic: داهم
CountryIsrael
Allegiance Palestine
Active regions
Ideologyanti-Zionism
StatusActive
SizeSmall
Opponents Israel
Palestinian Mujahideen Movement
حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية
Secretary-GeneralAsaad Abu Sharia
FounderOmar Abu Sharia (d. 2007)
Founded2001
Split fromFatah Fatah in 2001 or 2006
Ideology
Political positionReligious Conservative
ReligionSunni Islam
Website
km-pal.ps/ar
This article is about the militant wing. For the political wing, see Palestinian Mujahideen Movement.

Mujahideen Brigades (Arabic: كتائب المجاهدين, romanized: Kataeb al-Mujahideen) are the armed wing of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية, romanized: Haraka al-Mujāhidīn al-Filastīnīa). The brigades operate in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank (including Jenin) in Palestine.[12]

The Mujahideen Brigades have claimed responsibility for direct fights against Israel and are known to operate in cooperation with other Palestinian militant groups.[12] The leader of the Mujahideen Brigades and the Secretary-General of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement is Dr. As’ad Abu Shari’a (Arabic: أسعد أبو شريعة).[12][13]

Palestinian Mujahideen Movement and Brigades

[edit]
Main article: Palestinian Mujahideen Movement

The political wing is the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية, romanized: Haraka al-Mujahidīn al-FilisTīnīa).[12][h] is one of the most prominent Islamic factions of the Palestinian resistance in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.[32][33] The Palestinian Mujahideen Movement was founded in 2001 as military groups known as the Mujahideen Battalion,[verification needed] led by founder Omar Abu Sharia, at the beginning of the Second Palestinian Uprising (also known as the Al-Aqsa Intifada).[34][35] As they grew they changed their name from Mujahideen Battalion (Arabic: كتيبة المجاهدين, romanized: Katība al-Mujahidīn) to the Mujahideen Brigades (Arabic: كتائب المجاهدين, romanized: Kataeb al-Mujahidīn).[36]

History

[edit]

The Palestinian Mujahideen Movement broke away from the Fatah movement along with their military wing, the Mujahideen Brigades (Arabic: كتائب المجاهدين, romanized: Kataeb Mujahideen) were known as the Martyr Jamal Al-Amari Brigade when they were part of Fatah's Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades,[i]

The Palestinian Mujahideen Movement and Mujahideen Brigades were previously part of Fatah and the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades. When they were part of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades the militant grottos were known as the Martyr Jamal Al-Amari Brigade. The movement was founded in 2001 and led by founder Omar Abu Sharia, at the beginning of the Al-Aqsa Intifada.[37]

In 2012, a cell of the movement from Hebron and the Gaza Strip planned to kidnap an Israeli citizen, as a bargaining chip for the release of terrorists from the movement imprisoned in Israel.[38]

Omar Abu Sharia

[edit]

The organization was founded in 2006 by Omar Abu Sharia (Arabic: عمر أبو شريعة).[9][8] Omar Abu Sharia was assassinated in 2006 and died in 2007, he died of his injuries 6 or 7 months after the attack (aged 30 years), according to a statement by allied group Saraya al-Quds.[39][40]

Militant Activity

[edit]

Over the years, the movement became a member of the Hamas-led government in Gaza and cooperated with it in operations, supplying weapons and training.[41]

The Mujahideen Brigades' primary role is engaging in armed guerrilla warfare against Israel, focusing on both direct military confrontations and rocket fire. Their operations have been part of the larger conflict between Israel and Palestinian militant groups.[42] They conduct military training and maneuvers in the Gaza Strip. These drills and training are aimed at enhancing their fighters' combat skills and simulating offensive operations against Israeli targets.[42]

2021 Israel–Palestine crisis

[edit]

The Mujahideen Brigades took part in the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis.[43]

Martyrs of the Occupied Interior

[edit]

The Palestinian Mujahideen Movement [‍ar‍] has another militant division, whom they call the "Martyrs of the Occupied Interior" unit (Arabic: شهداء الداخل المحتل, romanized: Shuhadā' ad-Dākhil al-Muhtali), or "Dāham" (Arabic: داهم).[15] The unit focuses on attacks in Israel, inside the Green Line.[15]

The FDD's Long War Journal describes the group as being in the West Bank.[44]

Israel–Hamas war

[edit]

The Mujahideen Brigades participated in the Israel–Hamas war, attacking Israeli forces in the Gaza Envelope,[16] the Gaza Strip,[45][46] and the West Bank.[45][46]

Media coverage

[edit]

The Mujahideen Brigades were largely ignored by the media for the first few months of the Israel–Hamas war, until their videos were broadcast by Arabic language news channels like Al Jazeera Mubasher (Al Jazeera Live) and Al Araby TV in early 2024. Some propaganda videos from the Mujahideen Brigades used a blue triangle to highlight targets,[47][48][49] in place of the red triangle used in videos made by the Qassam Brigades.[50][51][52]

Family casualties

[edit]

The leaders and founders of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement are from the Al-Hasayna (Arabic: الحساينة) and Abu Sharia (Arabic: أبو شريعة) families in Gaza, and have Bedouin roots.[10][53][54]

On 23 November 2023, the homes of the Al-Hasayna (Arabic: الحساينة) and Abu Sharia (Arabic: أبو شريعة) families were destroyed in an airstrike [ar], that allegedly killed 93 Palestinians (Arabic: وليد زيارة).[55][56] Neither side acknowledged a possible target, and only civilians casualties were reported.[55][56]

Kidnapping of the Bibas family

[edit]
Main article: Kidnapping of the Bibas family

The Mujahideen Brigades were holding three members of the Bibas family hostage in Khan Yunis.[27] The group holding the Bibas family was shown to be the Mujahideen Brigades based on CCTV footage found in Khan Younis.[57][58][27]

[edit]

Rightly Guided Caliphs

[edit]

The Mujahideen Brigades often promote or endorse a Palestinian religious group called the "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (Arabic: مجمع الخلفاء الراشدين الدعوي, romanized: Mujmae al-Khulafā' al-Rāshidīn al-Duewī).[59][24]

Sanctions

[edit]

Mujahideen Brigades are on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List ("SDN List") of Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).[60] According to OFAC, they also operate by the names "Al Mujahideen Brigades", "Ansar al-Mujahidin Movement", "Holy Warriors Battalion", and "Khatib Al-Mujahidin".[61] They are also under the US Trade Consolidated Screening List, meaning they're being restricted on certain exports, reexports, or transfers of items.[61]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Translation of "Mujahideen".
  2. ^ Hebrew translation of "Mujahideen" and "Kataeb".[2]
  3. ^ Hebrew transliteration of the Arabic of "Kataeb".
  4. ^ Hebrew transliteration of the Arabic name.
  5. ^ Persian translation of "Kataeb", Persian: گردان های, lit. 'Battalions'.[1]
  6. ^ Usually shortened to Omar Abu Sharia (Arabic: عمر أبو شريعة, romanized: Omar Abu Sharī’a), also spelled "Omar Abu Shari’a".[4]
  7. ^ a b [17][18][19][20][21][18]
  8. ^ The movement often use the unusual Romanization "mojahdeen" for themselves.
  9. ^ The Fatah Party officially deny a continued convention to their armed wing, as of 2007.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Palestinian Mujahideen Movement - Gaza" مانور الوعد المفعول 4- غزه- عکس خبری تسنیم. tasnimnews.com Tasnim News Photo (in Persian). خبرگزاری تسنیم Tasnim News Agency. 22 February 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  2. ^ https://www.israelhayom.co.il/news/geopolitics/palestinians/article/15292948
  3. ^ "N12 - הוקם ב-2001, התפצל מהפת"ח: ארגון הטרור שחטף את שירי". 19 February 2024.
  4. ^ a b c "Explainer: Who are the armed groups fighting with Hamas in Gaza? "Al-Mujahideen Brigades"". monitoring.bbc.co.uk BBC Monitoring – Essential Media Insight. United Kingdom: BBC Monitoring. 12 January 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  5. ^ "Press Briefing by IDF Spokesperson, Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari, February 19th, 2024". www.idf.il. IDF Spokesperson's Unit. 19 February 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  6. ^ "Hamas: Past, Present, and Future". Jewish Currents. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  7. ^ "Victory or Death – Foreign Policy". 11 August 2014. Archived from the original on 2023-08-03.
  8. ^ a b "Field Department Logo Qassam is not alone: Get to know the most prominent resistance factions in Palestine" شعار قسم ميدان ليست القسام وحدها.. تعرف على أبرز الفصائل المقاوِمة في فلسطين. aljazeera.net (in Arabic). Al Jazeera Arabic. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  9. ^ a b "What are the armed organizations in Gaza?" ما هي التنظيمات المسلحة في غزة؟. BBC News عربي (in Arabic). 2013-08-19. Retrieved 2024-07-20.
  10. ^ a b "كتائب المجاهدين" من أبرز فصائل المقاومة في حرب غزة..ماذا تعرفون عنها؟ ["Mujahideen Brigades" is one of the most prominent resistance factions in the Gaza war, What do you know about it?]. موقع نبض nabd.com (in Arabic). صدى نيوز Sada News Agency. 20 February 2024. Retrieved 26 July 2024 – via nabd.com.
  11. ^ ""Mujahideen Brigades" is one of the most prominent resistance factions in the Gaza war: What do you know about it?" كتائب المجاهدين من أبرز فصائل المقاومة في حرب غزة.. ماذا تعرفون عنها؟. www.sadanews.ps (in Arabic). وكالة صدى نيوز Sada News Agency. 20 February 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h "Mujahideen Brigades". ecfr.eu European Council on Foreign Relations. 2022-08-06. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
  13. ^ a b "As'ad Abu Shari'a". ecfr.eu European Council on Foreign Relations. 2023-12-16. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
  14. ^ "خبرني | الأمين العام لحركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية، أسعد أبو شريعة في كلمة صوتية".
  15. ^ a b c "Secretary-General of the Mujahideen Movement reveals the Martyrs of the Occupied Interior Unit (DAHM) – which specializes in working in the occupied interior" حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية - الأمين العام لحركة المجاهدين يكشف عن وحدة شهداء الداخل المحتل (داهم) المختصة بالعمل بالداخل المحتل. www.km-pal.ps. حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية Palestinian Mujahideen Movement. 19 February 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  16. ^ a b c d Guy Van Vlierden (14 October 2023). "HLN ONDERZOEK. Van jihadisten tot communisten: zeker 10 groeperingen deden mee met actie Palestijnse terroristen" [HLN RESEARCH. From jihadists to communists: at least 10 groups participated in Palestinian terrorist action]. Het Laatste Nieuws (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 14 October 2023.
  17. ^ "Hamas terrorist Ayman Nofal explains the workings of the Palestinian organizations' joint operations room in the Gaza Strip". www.terrorism-info.org.il Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center. 2023-10-31. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
  18. ^ a b c Inbari, Pinhas (2018-11-15). "A "Joint Operations Room" in Gaza – the New Factor in the Balance of Power in Gaza". Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  19. ^ موسى, رائد. "By land, sea and air...the resistance carries out the largest military maneuver in Gaza" برا وبحرا وجوا.. المقاومة تنفذ أكبر مناورة عسكرية في غزة. الجزيرة نت (in Arabic). Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  20. ^ a b "Hamas terrorist Ayman Nofal explains the workings of the Palestinian organizations' joint operations room in the Gaza Strip". Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center. 2023-10-31. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
  21. ^ موسى, رائد. "By land, sea and air...the resistance carries out the largest military maneuver in Gaza" برا وبحرا وجوا.. المقاومة تنفذ أكبر مناورة عسكرية في غزة. الجزيرة نت (in Arabic). Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  22. ^ موسى, رائد. "برا وبحرا وجوا.. المقاومة تنفذ أكبر مناورة عسكرية في غزة". الجزيرة نت (in Arabic). Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  23. ^ "Palestinian Mujahideen Movement - The Rightly-Guided Caliphs Complex for Propagation calls for people to travel and stay at Al-Aqsa Mosque in defense of it in light of the so-called Zionist Flag March" حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية - مجمع الخلفاء الراشدين الدعوي يدعو لشد الرحال والرباط في المسجد الأقصى دفاعاً عنه في ظل ما تسمى بمسيرة الأعلام الصهيونية. حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية.
  24. ^ a b "Palestinian Mujahideen Movement - The Rightly-Guided Caliphs Complex condemns and denounces the distribution of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees" حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية - مجمع الخلفاء الراشدين الدعوي يدين ويستنكر توزيع وكالة غوث وتشغيل اللاجئين الفلسطينيين. Palestinian Mujahideen Movement حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية www.km-pal.ps.
  25. ^ Joe Truzman (4 June 2021). "Analysis: 17 Palestinian militant factions identified in recent Gaza conflict". FDD's Long War Journal. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  26. ^ Emanuel Fabian (19 February 2024). "IDF reveals video from Oct. 7 of abducted Bibas mom and kids arriving in Khan Younis, says it fears for their fate". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  27. ^ a b c Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari (19 February 2024). "Press Briefing by IDF Spokesperson, Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari, February 19th, 2024". www.idf.il/en. IDF Spokesperson's Unit. Archived from the original on 21 July 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  28. ^ Ragad, Abdelali; Irvine-Brown, Richard; Garman, Benedict; Seddon, Sean (24 November 2023). "How Hamas built a force to attack Israel on 7 October". BBC News. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  29. ^ Smyth, Phillip (December 2023). "The Path to October 7: How Iran Built Up and Managed a Palestinian 'Axis of Resistance'". CTC Sentinel. 16 (11). Combating Terrorism Center.
  30. ^ "Institute for the Study of War".
  31. ^ "Gaza-Based Militant Group Formally Acknowledges Presence in the West Bank". 22 February 2023.
  32. ^ "Palestine Definition". 2017-08-05. Archived from the original on 2017-08-05. Retrieved 2024-08-28.
  33. ^ Ehrlich, Carl S. (2001). "Philistines". In Metzger, Bruce M.; Coogan, Michael D. (eds.). The Oxford Guide to People and Places of the Bible. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514641-7. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  34. ^ "ليست القسام وحدها.. تعرف على أبرز الفصائل المقاوِمة في فلسطين". الجزيرة.نت - ميدان. Archived from the original on 2024-01-30. Retrieved 2023-11-27.
  35. ^ Kramer, Gudrun (2008). A History of Palestine: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Founding of the State of Israel. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-11897-0.
  36. ^ https://palinfo.com/news/2007/04/26/109709/
  37. ^ عودة, سامح. ليست القسام وحدها.. تعرف على أبرز الفصائل المقاوِمة في فلسطين [Qassam is not alone.. Get to know the most prominent resistance factions in Palestine]. Al Jazeera Net (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  38. ^ "הותר לפרסום: נחשפה חוליה שתכננה לחטוף ישראלי - וואלה חדשות". וואלה news.walla.co.il (in Hebrew). 2012-05-29. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  39. ^ Saraya Al-Quds (26 April 2007). "Saraya Al-Quds mourns the martyr Omar Abu Sharia, commander of the Mujahideen Battalion" سرايا القدس تنعى الشهيد عمر أبو شريعة قائد كتيبة المجاهدين. www.maannews.net (in Arabic). وكـالـة مـعـا الاخـبـارية Ma'an News Agency. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  40. ^ "Military statement issued by the Al-Quds Brigades Al-Quds Brigades mourns one of the leaders of the Palestinian resistance, "Sheikh Omar Abu Sharia" بيان عسكري صادر عن سرايا القدس سرايا القدس تزف أحد قادة المقاومة الفلسطينية "الشيخ عمر أبو شريعة. saraya.ps (in Arabic). Saraya Al-Quds - War Media. 26 April 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  41. ^ "Established in 2001, split from Fatah: this is the terrorist organization that kidnapped Bibas and her children" N12 - הוקם ב-2001, התפצל מהפת"ח: זה ארגון הטרור שחטף את שירי ביבס וילדיה (in Hebrew). 19 February 2024.
  42. ^ a b "Gaza-based militant group Mujahideen Brigades publishes series "The Beating Heart of a Nation."". www.longwarjournal.org FDD's Long War Journal. 21 February 2020. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
  43. ^ "Analysis: 17 Palestinian militant factions identified in recent Gaza conflict". www.longwarjournal.org FDD's Long War Journal. Retrieved 2024-07-19.
  44. ^ "Gaza-Based Militant Group Formally Acknowledges Presence in the West Bank". 22 February 2023.
  45. ^ a b Annika Ganzeveld, Ashka Jhaveri, Johanna Moore, Alexandra Braverman, Kathryn Tyson, and Brian Carter; Ashka Jhaveri, Johanna Moore, Alexandra Braverman, Kathryn Tyson, and Brian Carter; Johanna Moore, Alexandra Braverman, Kathryn Tyson, and Brian Carter; Alexandra Braverman, Kathryn Tyson, and Brian Carter; Kathryn Tyson, and Brian Carter; Brian Carter (16 April 2024). "IRAN UPDATE, APRIL 16, 2024". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 21 July 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  46. ^ a b "IRAN UPDATE, APRIL 16, 2024 (pdf)" (PDF). Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  47. ^ "Mujahideen Brigades publishes photos of sniping 6 Israeli soldiers west of Khan Yunis in a joint operation with Al-Quds Brigades" كتائب المجاهدين تنشر صورا لقنص 6 جنود إسرائيليين غربي خان يونس في عملية مشتركة مع سرايا القدس. Al Jazeera Mubasher (in Arabic). 25 February 2024 – via YouTube.
  48. ^ "x" شاهد.. كتائب المجاهدين تنشر لقطات لاستهداف آليات الاحتلال في محور الشيخ رضوان بمدينة غزة (in Arabic). 5 January 2024 – via YouTube.
  49. ^ "x" كتائب المجاهدين تستهدف تجمعا للاحتلال في جباليا بصاروخ "سعير" (in Arabic). 23 January 2024 – via YouTube.
  50. ^ "Al-Qassam Brigades publishes footage of targeting occupation vehicles and a building where soldiers were fortified east of Rafah" كتائب القسام تنشر مشاهد لاستهداف آليات الاحتلال ومبنى تحصن به جنود شرقي رفح. www.youtube.com/@AlarabyTv_News (in Arabic). العربي - أخبار Al Araby (TV channel). 16 July 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024 – via YouTube. (note, the Al-Qassam Brigades fighter in this video is using the word "mujahideen" in a general sense, not referring to the Mujahideen Brigades)
  51. ^ "Al-Qassam Brigades publishes footage of targeting occupation vehicles in the axes of the incursion into the city of Rafah, south of the Gaza Strip" كتائب القسام تنشر مشاهد استهداف آليات الاحتلال في محاور التوغل بمدينة رفح جنوب قطاع غزة. www.youtube.com/@AlarabyTv_News (in Arabic). العربي - أخبار Al Araby (TV channel). 22 July 2024 – via YouTube.
  52. ^ "Al-Qassam broadcasts footage of the raid on the occupation headquarters in the Tel Za'rab area in Rafah" القسام تبث مشاهد للإغارة على مقر قيادة الاحتلال بمنطقة تل زعرب في رفح. www.youtube.com/@aljazeera Al Jazeera Arabic YouTube Channel (in Arabic). 10 July 2024 – via YouTube.
  53. ^ https://nabd.com/s/133090510-8fe97c/
  54. ^ https://www.sadanews.ps/news/163546.html
  55. ^ a b "المجزرة مستمرة بغزة ..الاحتلال الاسرائيلي يدمر مربعات سكنية وعشرات الشهداء والجرحى". سما الإخبارية samanews.ps.
  56. ^ a b "مجزرة حي الصبرة (2023) | المجازر الإسرائيلية". فلسطيننا www.pal48.ps. 27 November 2023.
  57. ^ Fabian, Emanuel; Staff, Toi. "IDF finds video of Bibas family in Gaza, 'very concerned' for mother, youngest hostages". www.australianjewishnews.com.
  58. ^ "'The Holy Warriors': This is the organization that kidnapped Shiri Biebs and her children Ariel and Kafir" 'לוחמי הקודש': זה הארגון שחטף את שירי ביבס וילדיה אריאל וכפיר. חרדים10 Haredim 10 (he) ch10.co.il. 19 February 2024.
  59. ^ "Palestinian Mujahideen Movement - The Rightly-Guided Caliphs Complex for Propagation calls for people to travel and stay at Al-Aqsa Mosque in defense of it in light of the so-called Zionist Flag March" حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية - مجمع الخلفاء الراشدين الدعوي يدعو لشد الرحال والرباط في المسجد الأقصى دفاعاً عنه في ظل ما تسمى بمسيرة الأعلام الصهيونية. حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية.
  60. ^ "Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov. 24 October 2024. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
  61. ^ a b "Al-Mujahidin Brigades". OpenSanctions.org. 2024-06-06. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mujahideen_Brigades&oldid=1255315521"