Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003
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| Eurovision Song Contest 2003 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country |  Netherlands | |||
| National selection | ||||
| Selection process | Nationaal Songfestival 2003 | |||
| Selection date(s) | Semi-finals: 1 February 2003 8 February 2003 15 February 2003 22 February 2003 Final: 1 March 2003 | |||
| Selected entrant | Esther Hart | |||
| Selected song | "One More Night" | |||
| Selected songwriter(s) |
| |||
| Finals performance | ||||
| Final result | 13th, 45 points | |||
| Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest | ||||
| ||||
The Netherlands participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 with the song "One More Night" written by Tjeerd van Zanen and Alan Michael. The song was performed by Esther Hart. The Dutch broadcaster Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (NOS) returned to the Eurovision Song Contest after a one-year absence following their withdrawal in 2002 as one of the bottom six countries in the 2001 contest. NOS organised the national final Nationaal Songfestival 2003 in collaboration with broadcaster Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting (TROS) in order to select the Dutch entry for the 2003 contest in Riga, Latvia. 32 entries competed in the national final which consisted of five shows: four semi-finals and a final. Eight entries qualified from to compete in the final on 1 March 2003 where "One More Night" performed by Esther Hart was selected as the winner following the combination of votes from a seven-member jury panel and a public vote.
The Netherlands competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 24 May 2003. Performing during the show in position 14, the Netherlands placed thirteenth out of the 26 participating countries, scoring 45 points.
Background[edit]
Prior to the 2003 contest, the Netherlands had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest forty-three times since their début as one of seven countries to take part in the inaugural contest in 1956.[1] Since then, the country has won the contest four times: in 1957 with the song "Net als toen" performed by Corry Brokken;[2] in 1959 with the song "'n Beetje" performed by Teddy Scholten;[3] in 1969 as one of four countries to tie for first place with "De troubadour" performed by Lenny Kuhr;[4] and finally in 1975 with "Ding-a-dong" performed by the group Teach-In.[5] The Dutch least successful result has been last place, which they have achieved on four occasions, most recently in the 1968 contest.[6] The Netherlands has also received nul points on two occasions; in 1962 and 1963.[7]
The Dutch national broadcaster, Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (NOS), broadcast the event within the Netherlands and organises the selection process for the nation's entry. The Netherlands has used various methods to select the Dutch entry in the past, such as the Nationaal Songfestival, a live televised national final to choose the performer, song or both to compete at Eurovision. However, internal selections have also been held on occasion. Between 1998 and 2001, NOS has organised Nationaal Songfestival in order to select both the artist and song for the contest. The method was continued for the 2003 Dutch entry, with the national final being organised in collaboration with broadcaster Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting (TROS).[8]
Before Eurovision[edit]
Nationaal Songfestival 2003[edit]
Nationaal Songfestival 2003 was the national final developed by NOS/TROS that selected the Dutch entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2003. Thirty-two entries competed in the competition consisting of five shows that commenced with the first of four semi-finals on 1 February 2003 and concluded with a final on 1 March 2003. All shows in the competition were broadcast on Nederland 2.[9]
Format[edit]
The format of the national final consisted of five shows: four semi-finals and a final.[10] The semi-finals each featured eight competing entries from which two advanced from each show to complete the eight-song lineup in the final. The results for the semi-final shows were determined by a seven-member expert jury and votes from the public. The jury selected one qualifier, while a public televote determined an additional qualifier from the remaining entries. In the final, the winner was selected by the combination of votes from public televoting and a seven-member expert jury. Viewers were able to vote via telephone and SMS.[11]
The jury panel that voted in all shows consisted of:[12]
- Cornald Maas – journalist
- Corry Brokken – singer and television presenter, Dutch 1957 Eurovision winner as well as 1956 and 1958 entrant
- Seth Kamphuijs – actor and presenter
- Coot van Doesburg – lyricist and television critic
- Johan Nijenhuis – director and producer
- Nance Coolen – singer and television presenter
- Stanley Burleson – actor, choreographer, director and singer
Competing entries[edit]
The Dutch broadcaster together with Conamus directly invited over 1,000 composers to submit entries.[13] 502 submissions were received by the broadcaster at the closing of the deadline, and the thirty-two selected competing entries were announced during a press conference on 16 January 2003.[14] The selection of the entries for the competition occurred through the decision by a selection commission consisting of Willem van Beusekom, Jerney Kaagman, Ron Stoeltie, Daniël Dekker and Daan van Rijsbergen following a live audition of 60 shortlisted entries.[15] Among the artists was Ingrid Simons (as part of Ebonique) who previously represented Belgium at the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 as part of Sergio and the Ladies.[16]
| Artist | Song | Songwriter(s) |
|---|---|---|
| A-Teaze | "Don't Cry" | Aleksandar Masevski |
| Aletia Bourne | "Wanna Be the One" | Martin Condon, Gareth Owen |
| Arwin Kluft | "Turiddu" | Jeroen Englebert, Giancarlo Romita |
| Astrit | "Together Forever" | Dick Berg, Hubert-Jan Horrocks, Hanna Riemens |
| Barbara Lok | "Als twee vrienden" | Carmen Sars |
| The Beanuts | "Give It Up!" | Ed van Otterdijk, Angeline van Otterdijk |
| Bert Heerink and Manou | "Blue Skies Are for Free" | Ad van Olm, Eric Dikeb |
| Blauwdruk | "Hotel t'hart" | Allan Eshuys, Barry Menger |
| Boulevard | "Souvenirs" | Edwin Schimscheimer, Bruce R.F. Smith |
| Brothers | "Stand as One" | Peter de Wijn |
| De Helden | "Omdat jij jij bent" | Michiel Ooms |
| Ebonique | "Heatwave" | Philip Vella, Gerard James Borg |
| Esther Hart | "One More Night" | Tjeerd van Zanen, Alan Michael |
| Georges Lotze | "Footprints in the Sand" | Peter de Wijn |
| Gordon | "I'll Be Your Voice" | Mark Dakriet, Giorgio Tuinfort, Sandra Saint Victor |
| Jeffrey | "Waar en wanneer" | Edwin Schimscheimer, Spiros Chalos, Belinda Anholt |
| Jerique Allan | "All About Love" | Jerry Krolis, Sven Jansen, Robbert van Ark |
| Julia West | "Talking Angels" | Luca Genta, Ralph van Manen, Julia West, Phil Thompson |
| Kathy Bloom | "I'm On Fire" | Dries Brouwer, Gert Polkerman, Edith Sintemaartensdijk |
| Lewis and Simon | "Let's Give It a Try" | Jan Willem Verbeek, Paula Patricio |
| Mango Nuts | "Time to Party" | Robbert van Ark, Sven Jansen |
| Martin Frankena | "Zoeken in de lucht" | Han Kooreneef, Syb van der Ploeg, Nico Outhuijse |
| Mary Amora | "Somewhere by the River" | Ernst van der Kerkhof |
| Mazzel | "Nananana" | Rogier van der Ven, Ranco Mes |
| Sandra Abbink | "Beautiful Life" | Marcel de Groot, Jaap Schilder |
| Sasja Brouwers | "Rauw" | Jeroen Englebert, Pim Koopman |
| Sofuja and Glenn Corneille | "She Would" | Glenn Corneille, Chantal Nijssen |
| The Soullistics | "We Can't Stop the Music" | Johnny Sap, Joost Dirksen, Humphrey de Groot |
| Steffen de Wolff | "Jij laat me nooit meer los" | Patrick Drabe, Steffen de Wolff |
| Sonny's Inc. | "Mamboleo" | Huig Ouwehand, Roland Gaedtgens, Sonny Hoogwerf |
| Suzanne | "Over the Moon" | Luca Genta, John O'Hare |
| Zooom | "Boogie" | Peter de Wijn |
Shows[edit]
Semi-finals[edit]
The four semi-finals took place on 1, 8, 15 and 22 February 2003 at the Hart van Holland in Nijkerk, hosted by Harm Edens. In each semi-final eight acts competed and two entries qualified to the final. A seven-member expert jury first selected one entry to advance, while an additional qualifier was selected by a public televote. 2001 Dutch Eurovision entrant Michelle replaced Coot van Doesburg as a juror in the third semi-final, while 1999 Dutch Eurovision entrant Marlayne replaced Johan Nijenhuis as a juror in the fourth semi-final.[17]
Jury qualifier Public vote qualifier
| Draw | Artist | Song | Jury | Televote | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | Place | Percentage | Place | ||||
| 1 | Sunny's Inc. | "Mamboleo" | 10 | 7 | 7% | 6 | Eliminated |
| 2 | Aletia Bourne | "Wanna Be the One" | 49 | 2 | 4% | 8 | Eliminated |
| 3 | Martin Frankena | "Zoeken in de lucht" | 45 | 3 | 8% | 4 | Eliminated |
| 4 | Astrit | "Together Forever" | 38 | 4 | 9% | 3 | Eliminated |
| 5 | Jerique Allan | "All About Love" | 35 | 6 | 8% | 4 | Eliminated |
| 6 | Mary Amora | "Somewhere by the River" | 61 | 1 | 41% | 1 | Advanced |
| 7 | Blauwdruk | "Hotel 't Hart" | 5 | 8 | 6% | 7 | Eliminated |
| 8 | Zooom | "Boogie" | 37 | 5 | 17% | 2 | Advanced |
| Draw | Song | C. Maas | C. Brokken | S. Kamphuijs | C. van Doesburg | J. Nijenhuis | N. Coolen | S. Burleson | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | "Mamboleo" | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 10 |
| 2 | "Wanna Be the One" | 7 | 7 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 49 |
| 3 | "Zoeken in de lucht" | 3 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 45 |
| 4 | "Together Forever" | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 38 |
| 5 | "All About Love" | 10 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 35 |
| 6 | "Somewhere by the River" | 12 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 61 |
| 7 | "Hotel 't Hart" | 2 | 3 | 5 | |||||
| 8 | "Boogie" | 1 | 10 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 37 |
| Draw | Artist | Song | Jury | Televote | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | Place | Percentage | Place | ||||
| 1 | The Beanuts | "Give It Up!" | 26 | 4 | 7% | 6 | Eliminated |
| 2 | Barbara Lok | "Als twee vrienden" | 18 | 6 | 10% | 5 | Eliminated |
| 3 | Esther Hart | "One More Night" | 73 | 1 | 30% | 1 | Advanced |
| 4 | Sofuja and Glenn Corneille | "She Would" | 63 | 2 | 15% | 3 | Eliminated |
| 5 | Steffen de Wolff | "Jij laat me nooit meer los" | 9 | 8 | 3% | 8 | Eliminated |
| 6 | Mango Nuts | "Time to Party" | 53 | 3 | 18% | 2 | Advanced |
| 7 | Suzanne | "Over the Moon" | 21 | 5 | 11% | 4 | Eliminated |
| 8 | Georges Lotze | "Footprints in the Sand" | 17 | 7 | 6% | 7 | Eliminated |
| Draw | Song | C. Maas | C. Brokken | S. Kamphuijs | C. van Doesburg | J. Nijenhuis | N. Coolen | S. Burleson | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | "Give It Up!" | 3 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 50 |
| 2 | "Als twee vrienden" | 1 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 |
| 3 | "One More Night" | 12 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 73 |
| 4 | "She Would" | 10 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 63 |
| 5 | "Jij laat me nooit meer los" | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 9 | |||
| 6 | "Time to Party" | 7 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 53 | |
| 7 | "Over the Moon" | 5 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 21 | |
| 8 | "Footprints in the Sand" | 2 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 17 |
| Draw | Artist | Song | Jury | Televote | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | Place | Percentage | Place | ||||
| 1 | The Soullistics | "We Can't Stop the Music" | 21 | 5 | 9% | 5 | Eliminated |
| 2 | Julia West | "Talking Angels" | 49 | 3 | 6% | 6 | Eliminated |
| 3 | Mazzel | "Nananana" | 12 | 6 | 19% | 2 | Eliminated |
| 4 | Brothers | "Stand as One" | 10 | 7 | 3% | 8 | Eliminated |
| 5 | Sandra Abbink | "Beautiful Life" | 61 | 2 | 18% | 3 | Eliminated |
| 6 | Jeffrey | "Waar en wanneer" | 5 | 8 | 4% | 7 | Eliminated |
| 7 | Arwin Kluft | "Turiddu" | 47 | 4 | 24% | 1 | Advanced |
| 8 | Ebonique | "Heatwave" | 75 | 1 | 17% | 4 | Advanced |
| Draw | Song | C. Maas | C. Brokken | S. Kamphuijs | Michelle | J. Nijenhuis | N. Coolen | S. Burleson | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | "We Can't Stop the Music" | 3 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 21 |
| 2 | "Talking Angels" | 7 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 7 | 49 |
| 3 | "Nananana" | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 |
| 4 | "Stand as One" | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 10 | |||
| 5 | "Beautiful Life" | 12 | 7 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 10 | 61 |
| 6 | "Waar en wanneer" | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | ||||
| 7 | "Turiddu" | 5 | 12 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 47 |
| 8 | "Heatwave" | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 75 |
| Draw | Artist | Song | Jury | Televote | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | Place | Percentage | Place | ||||
| 1 | Kathy Bloom | "I'm On Fire" | 46 | 3 | 4% | 7 | Eliminated |
| 2 | Boulevard | "Souvenirs" | 20 | 6 | 6% | 4 | Eliminated |
| 3 | Lewis and Simon | "Let's Give It a Try" | 58 | 2 | 5% | 6 | Eliminated |
| 4 | Sasja Brouwers | "Rauw" | 4 | 8 | 6% | 4 | Eliminated |
| 5 | Gordon | "I'll Be Your Voice" | 82 | 1 | 36% | 1 | Advanced |
| 6 | Bert Heerink and Manou | "Blue Skies Are for Free" | 11 | 7 | 23% | 2 | Advanced |
| 7 | De Helden | "Omdat jij jij bent" | 23 | 5 | 4% | 7 | Eliminated |
| 8 | A-Teaze | "Don't Cry" | 36 | 4 | 16% | 3 | Eliminated |
| Draw | Song | C. Maas | C. Brokken | S. Kamphuijs | C. van Doesburg | Marlayne | N. Coolen | S. Burleson | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | "I'm On Fire" | 7 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 46 |
| 2 | "Souvenirs" | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 20 | |
| 3 | "Let's Give It a Try" | 10 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 58 |
| 4 | "Rauw" | 1 | 3 | 4 | |||||
| 5 | "I'll Be Your Voice" | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 82 |
| 6 | "Blue Skies Are for Free" | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 11 |
| 7 | "Omdat jij jij bent" | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 23 | |
| 8 | "Don't Cry" | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 12 | 2 | 36 |
Final[edit]
The final took place on 1 March 2003 at the Rotterdam Ahoy in Rotterdam, hosted by Loes Luca where the eight entries that qualified from the preceding four semi-finals competed. The winner, "One More Night" performed by Esther Hart, was selected by the 50/50 combination of a public televote and the votes of a seven-member expert jury.[18] 1998 Dutch Eurovision entrant Edsilia Rombley replaced Nance Coolen as a juror in the final.[19] The viewers and the juries each had a total of 280 points to award. Each juror distributed their points as follows: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 12 points. The viewer vote was based on the percentage of votes each song achieved through the following voting methods: telephone and SMS voting. For example, if a song gained 10% of the vote, then that entry would be awarded 10% of 280 points rounded to the nearest integer: 28 points.[20] 55,000 votes were cast by the public during the final. In addition to the performances of the competing entries, the show featured performances by Loes Luca as Nénette together with Les Zézettes and the Metropole Orchestra.[21][22]
On the day after the contest, a technical problem came to light whereby the 30,000 SMS votes could not be counted on time. A revision of the results revealed that Bert Heerink and Manou would have placed fifth, with Mango Nuts and Mary Amora correspondingly dropping a place.[23][24]
| Draw | Artist | Song | Jury | Televote | Total | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mango Nuts | "Time to Party" | 22 | 9 | 31 | 5 |
| 2 | Mary Amora | "Somewhere by the River" | 20 | 8 | 28 | 6 |
| 3 | Bert Heerink and Manou | "Blue Skies Are for Free" | 4 | 21 | 25 | 7 |
| 4 | Gordon | "I'll Be Your Voice" | 68 | 56 | 124 | 2 |
| 5 | Esther Hart | "One More Night" | 78 | 92 | 170 | 1 |
| 6 | Ebonique | "Heatwave" | 40 | 27 | 67 | 4 |
| 7 | Arwin Kluft | "Turiddu" | 38 | 64 | 102 | 3 |
| 8 | Zooom | "Boogie" | 10 | 3 | 13 | 8 |
| Draw | Song | C. Maas | C. Brokken | S. Kamphuis | C. van Doesburg | J. Nijenhuis | E. Rombley | S. Burleson | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | "Time to Party" | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 22 |
| 2 | "Somewhere by the River" | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 20 | |
| 3 | "Blue Skies Are for Free" | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | ||||
| 4 | "I'll Be Your Voice" | 7 | 7 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 68 |
| 5 | "One More Night" | 12 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 78 |
| 6 | "Heatwave" | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 40 |
| 7 | "Turiddu" | 10 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 38 |
| 8 | "Boogie" | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
Ratings[edit]
| Show | Date | Viewers | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Final | 1 March 2003 | 1,300,000 | [25] |
At Eurovision[edit]
According to Eurovision rules, all nations with the exceptions of the bottom five countries in the 2002 contest competed in the final on 24 May 2003.[26] On 29 November 2002, a special allocation draw was held which determined the running order and the Netherlands was set to perform in position 14, following the entry from Israel and before the entry from the United Kingdom.[27] The Netherlands finished in thirteenth place with 14 points.[28]
The show was broadcast in the Netherlands on Nederland 1 with commentary by Willem van Beusekom as well as via radio on Radio 3FM with commentary by Wessel van Diepen.[29] The Dutch spokesperson, who announced the Dutch votes during the show, was 1999 Dutch Eurovision entrant Marlayne.
Voting[edit]
Below is a breakdown of points awarded to the Netherlands and awarded by the Netherlands in the contest. The nation awarded its 12 points to Turkey in the contest.
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|
References[edit]
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1956". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1957". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1959". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1969". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1975". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 2011 Semi-Final (2)". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ "History by Country - The Netherlands". eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ Bakker, Sietse (17 December 2002). "Invited audience welcome at Dutch preselections". Esctoday. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "Songfestival-historie - Nationaal Deze Eeuw". Vandaag in de Muziek (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ Bakker, Sietse (17 December 2002). "Eric Dikeb: "Ad van Olm did all the work"". Esctoday. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "50 jaar songfestival: NSF 2003". songfestivalweblog.nl (in Dutch). 16 December 2004. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "Jury en jurering". songfestival.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 25 April 2003. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "1000 liedjesschrijvers voor nationaal songfestival". radiowereld.nl (in Dutch). 23 May 2002. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ Raeven, Rianne (3 December 2002). "NOS will announce participants January 16". Esctoday. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ Bakker, Sietse (20 December 2002). "Eight songs Nationaal Songfestival in Dutch". Esctoday.
- ^ "DUTCH NATIONAL FINAL 2003".
- ^ "Nationaal Songfestival 2003 • semi-finals". 4LYRICS. Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ ESC National Finals database 2003
- ^ "Nationaal Songfestival 2003". 4LYRICS. Archived from the original on 19 August 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "Nationaal Songfestival 2003". 4lyrics.
- ^ "Nationaal Songfestival 2003". Eurovision Artists (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "Loes Luca Setlist". setlist.fm. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ Bakker, Sietse (4 March 2003). "SMS voting changed Dutch final ranking". Esctoday. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "Sms'ers stemmen massaal op grap". de Volskrant (in Dutch). 4 March 2003. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ van Gorp, Edwin (24 February 2004). "Almost 2 million people watched Nationaal Songfestival 2004". Esctoday. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "RULES OF THE 2003 EUROVISION SONG CONTEST" (PDF). European Broadcasting Union. European Broadcasting Union. 20 November 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 April 2003. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ^ Bakker, Sietse (28 November 2002). "Draw to be made public Friday 17:00 CET". ESCToday.com. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ^ "Final of Riga 2003". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 7 April 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
- ^ www.eurovisionartists.nl. "Welkom op de site van Eurovision Artists". Eurovisionartists.nl. Archived from the original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
- ^ a b "Results of the Final of Riga 2003". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 7 April 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.