Palencia is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish : circunscripciones ) represented in the Congress of Deputies , the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales . The constituency currently elects four deputies . Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Palencia . The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation , with a minimum threshold of three percent.
The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election . The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies ,[ 2] Spanish Constitution of 1978 . Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law , needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales .[ 3]
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage , which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado ) which was abolished in 2022.[ 4] [ 5] D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation , with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting .[ 3] [ 6] [ 7] district magnitude .[ 8]
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry , coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[ 6] [ 7]
2023 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 40,709 41.98 +6.28 2 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 33,613 34.67 +1.42 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 12,504 12.90 –1.52 0 –1 Unite (Sumar)1 5,877 6.06 –2.03 0 ±0 Let's Go Palencia (VP) 1,917 1.98 New 0 ±0 Empty Spain (España Vaciada) 384 0.40 New 0 ±0 Alive Land Palencia Independent Group (GIPTV) 366 0.38 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 295 0.30 –0.31 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 139 0.14 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 99 0.10 –0.12 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 80 0.08 –0.03 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 71 0.07 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 42 0.04 –0.23 0 ±0 Walking Together (CJ) 33 0.03 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 833 0.86 –0.20 Total 96,962 3 ±0 Valid votes 96,962 98.86 +0.15 Invalid votes 1,117 1.14 –0.15 Votes cast / turnout 98,079 71.26 +2.60 Abstentions 39,563 28.74 –2.60 Registered voters 137,642 Sources[ 9]
November 2019 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 34,195 35.70 +6.15 2 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 31,847 33.25 +1.93 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 13,816 14.42 +2.72 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos –IU ) 7,746 8.09 –1.14 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 5,937 6.20 –9.68 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 582 0.61 –0.14 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group –PCAS –TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 256 0.27 +0.02 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 209 0.22 +0.07 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 106 0.11 –0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 79 0.08 –0.01 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,015 1.06 +0.11 Total 95,788 3 ±0 Valid votes 95,788 98.71 –0.01 Invalid votes 1,250 1.29 +0.01 Votes cast / turnout 97,038 68.66 –7.14 Abstentions 44,283 31.34 +7.14 Registered voters 141,321 Sources[ 10]
April 2019 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 33,209 31.32 +6.72 1 ±0 People's Party (PP) 31,332 29.55 –16.13 1 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 16,843 15.88 +3.53 1 +1 Vox (Vox) 12,407 11.70 New 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos –IU –Equo ) 9,787 9.23 –5.75 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 799 0.75 –0.01 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group –PCAS –TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 265 0.25 +0.05 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 159 0.15 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 133 0.13 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 99 0.09 –0.09 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,010 0.95 +0.12 Total 106,043 3 ±0 Valid votes 106,043 98.72 –0.09 Invalid votes 1,373 1.28 +0.09 Votes cast / turnout 107,416 75.80 +4.97 Abstentions 34,298 24.20 –4.97 Registered voters 141,714 Sources[ 10]
2016 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 45,965 45.68 +5.38 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 24,751 24.60 +0.05 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos –IU –Equo )1 15,077 14.98 –2.96 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 12,428 12.35 –1.80 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 761 0.76 +0.16 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 273 0.27 –0.52 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 202 0.20 +0.05 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 184 0.18 –0.03 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 90 0.09 –0.03 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 57 0.06 –0.01 0 ±0 Blank ballots 838 0.83 –0.12 Total 100,626 3 ±0 Valid votes 100,626 98.81 +0.02 Invalid votes 1,212 1.19 –0.02 Votes cast / turnout 101,838 70.83 –2.53 Abstentions 41,931 29.17 +2.53 Registered voters 143,769 Sources[ 10]
2015 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 42,182 40.30 –14.85 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 25,698 24.55 –6.73 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 14,814 14.15 New 0 ±0 We Can (Podemos) 14,083 13.45 New 0 ±0 United Left –Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 4,699 4.49 –1.38 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 828 0.79 –3.61 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 624 0.60 +0.27 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 218 0.21 –0.01 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 182 0.17 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 159 0.15 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 126 0.12 New 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 72 0.07 –0.01 0 ±0 Blank ballots 993 0.95 –0.72 Total 104,678 3 ±0 Valid votes 104,678 98.79 +0.31 Invalid votes 1,277 1.21 –0.31 Votes cast / turnout 105,955 73.36 +0.15 Abstentions 38,472 26.64 –0.15 Registered voters 144,427 Sources[ 10]
2011 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 58,759 55.15 +5.43 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 33,328 31.28 –12.31 1 ±0 United Left of Castile and León : Plural Left (IUCyL) 6,259 5.87 +3.27 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 4,686 4.40 +3.12 0 ±0 Party of Castile and León (PCAL)1 565 0.53 +0.18 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 352 0.33 +0.18 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 249 0.23 +0.12 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 234 0.22 +0.14 0 ±0 Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) 174 0.16 New 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 89 0.08 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 77 0.07 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,775 1.67 +0.45 Total 106,547 3 ±0 Valid votes 106,547 98.48 –0.77 Invalid votes 1,644 1.52 +0.77 Votes cast / turnout 108,191 73.21 –5.96 Abstentions 39,592 26.79 +5.96 Registered voters 147,783 Sources[ 10]
2008 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 58,649 49.72 –0.53 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 51,426 43.59 +0.51 1 ±0 United Left–Alternative (IU) 3,069 2.60 –0.24 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,510 1.28 New 0 ±0 Commoners' Land (TC) 417 0.35 –0.32 0 ±0 The Greens (LV) 338 0.29 New 0 ±0 The Greens of Europe (LVdE) 183 0.16 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 177 0.15 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Castilian People (PCPC–PCPE) 132 0.11 +0.01 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 132 0.11 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 100 0.08 +0.02 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 80 0.07 New 0 ±0 Engine and Sports Alternative (AMD) 74 0.06 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 67 0.06 –0.07 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 56 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0 Authentic Phalanx (FA) 37 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 36 0.03 New 0 ±0 Spanish Front (Frente) 24 0.02 New 0 ±0 Centrist Party (PCTR) 17 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,440 1.22 –0.74 Total 117,964 3 ±0 Valid votes 117,964 99.25 +0.06 Invalid votes 892 0.75 –0.06 Votes cast / turnout 118,856 79.17 –0.27 Abstentions 31,274 20.83 +0.27 Registered voters 150,130 Sources[ 10]
2004 general election [ edit ] 2000 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 64,185 55.52 +4.23 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party –Progressives (PSOE–p) 41,368 35.78 –2.13 1 ±0 United Left (IU) 4,910 4.25 –3.69 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 1,080 0.93 +0.67 0 ±0 Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) 556 0.48 +0.06 0 ±0 Natural Law Party (PLN) 257 0.22 New 0 ±0 Centrist Union–Democratic and Social Centre (UC–CDS) 225 0.19 –0.21 0 ±0 Cives (Cives) 206 0.18 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 161 0.14 +0.02 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 113 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0 Independent Spanish Phalanx–Phalanx 2000 (FEI–FE 2000) 100 0.09 New 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 78 0.07 New 0 ±0 Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000) 64 0.06 New 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 59 0.05 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,251 1.95 +0.58 Total 115,613 3 ±0 Valid votes 115,613 99.17 –0.22 Invalid votes 963 0.83 +0.22 Votes cast / turnout 116,576 75.35 –5.63 Abstentions 38,142 24.65 +5.63 Registered voters 154,718 Sources[ 10]
1996 general election [ edit ] 1993 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 57,744 47.62 +3.11 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 46,448 38.30 +1.66 1 ±0 United Left of Castile and León (IU) 7,761 6.40 +0.61 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 3,714 3.06 –5.54 0 ±0 People's Palentine Group (APP) 1,410 1.16 New 0 ±0 The Greens (LV) 826 0.68 –0.48 0 ±0 Ruiz-Mateos Group (ARM) 550 0.45 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) 428 0.35 New 0 ±0 The Ecologists (LE) 322 0.27 –0.41 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 216 0.18 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 147 0.12 –0.08 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 122 0.10 –0.10 0 ±0 Natural Law Party (PLN) 94 0.08 New 0 ±0 Castilianist Union (UC) 93 0.08 New 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 52 0.04 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 51 0.04 –0.09 0 ±0 Party of El Bierzo (PB) 35 0.03 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,250 1.03 +0.11 Total 121,263 3 ±0 Valid votes 121,263 99.37 +0.33 Invalid votes 771 0.63 –0.33 Votes cast / turnout 122,034 80.59 +4.05 Abstentions 29,389 19.41 –4.05 Registered voters 151,423 Sources[ 10]
1989 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP)1 50,186 44.51 +4.85 2 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 41,313 36.64 –3.59 1 –1 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 9,696 8.60 –3.77 0 ±0 United Left (IU) 6,533 5.79 +2.86 0 ±0 The Greens–Green List (LV–LV) 1,307 1.16 New 0 ±0 The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 768 0.68 New 0 ±0 Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 735 0.65 +0.28 0 ±0 Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2 398 0.35 –0.62 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 226 0.20 –0.26 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 222 0.20 New 0 ±0 Alliance for the Republic (AxR)3 182 0.16 –0.12 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 145 0.13 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,041 0.92 +0.18 Total 112,752 3 ±0 Valid votes 112,752 99.04 +0.86 Invalid votes 1,088 0.96 –0.86 Votes cast / turnout 113,840 76.54 +0.49 Abstentions 34,891 23.46 –0.49 Registered voters 148,731 Sources[ 10]
1986 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 44,952 40.23 –2.71 2 ±0 People's Coalition (AP –PDP –PL )1 44,311 39.66 +0.86 1 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 13,819 12.37 +8.47 0 ±0 United Left (IU)2 3,271 2.93 +0.62 0 ±0 Democratic Reformist Party (PRD) 1,634 1.46 New 0 ±0 Communists' Unity Board (MUC) 1,081 0.97 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 519 0.46 New 0 ±0 Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 410 0.37 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 364 0.33 +0.11 0 ±0 Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 317 0.28 New 0 ±0 Republican Popular Unity (UPR) 234 0.21 New 0 ±0 Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 827 0.74 +0.15 Total 111,739 3 ±0 Valid votes 111,739 98.18 +0.08 Invalid votes 2,077 1.82 –0.08 Votes cast / turnout 113,816 76.05 –7.79 Abstentions 35,841 23.95 +7.79 Registered voters 149,657 Sources[ 10]
1982 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 49,756 42.94 +16.87 2 +1 People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (AP –PDP )1 44,965 38.80 +29.38 1 +1 Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 12,330 10.64 –40.79 0 –2 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 4,516 3.90 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 2,679 2.31 –2.24 0 ±0 New Force (FN)2 707 0.61 –3.16 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 250 0.22 New 0 ±0 Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 Communist Movement of Castile and León (MC–CL) 0 0.00 –0.30 0 ±0 Blank ballots 678 0.59 –0.06 Total 115,881 3 ±0 Valid votes 115,881 98.10 –0.33 Invalid votes 2,248 1.90 +0.33 Votes cast / turnout 118,129 83.84 +12.69 Abstentions 22,767 16.16 –12.69 Registered voters 140,896 Sources[ 10]
1979 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 51,069 51.43 +0.91 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 25,888 26.07 –2.30 1 ±0 Democratic Coalition (CD)2 9,351 9.42 –4.92 0 ±0 Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 4,517 4.55 +0.88 0 ±0 National Union (UN) 3,746 3.77 New 0 ±0 Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)3 1,033 1.04 +0.23 0 ±0 Workers' Communist Party (PCT) 571 0.58 New 0 ±0 Workers and Peasants Party (POC) 493 0.50 New 0 ±0 Spanish Ruralist Party (PRE) 466 0.47 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A)) 367 0.37 New 0 ±0 Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT) 325 0.33 New 0 ±0 Communist Movement –Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC) 302 0.30 New 0 ±0 Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag) (OCE–BR) 244 0.25 New 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 153 0.15 New 0 ±0 Proverist Party (PPr) 117 0.12 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 648 0.65 +0.35 Total 99,290 3 ±0 Valid votes 99,290 98.43 +0.08 Invalid votes 1,587 1.57 –0.08 Votes cast / turnout 100,877 71.15 –11.62 Abstentions 40,906 28.85 +11.62 Registered voters 141,783 Sources[ 10]
1977 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 51,568 50.52 n/a 2 n/a Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 25,878 25.35 n/a 1 n/a People's Alliance (AP) 14,638 14.34 n/a 0 n/a Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 3,744 3.67 n/a 0 n/a People's Socialist Party –Socialist Unity (PSP–US) 3,084 3.02 n/a 0 n/a City and Country Independent Electoral Group (AEICC) 1,623 1.59 n/a 0 n/a Democratic Left Front (FDI) 829 0.81 n/a 0 n/a Group of Carlist Electors (ADC) 396 0.39 n/a 0 n/a Blank ballots 310 0.30 n/a Total 102,070 3 n/a Valid votes 102,070 98.35 n/a Invalid votes 1,708 1.65 n/a Votes cast / turnout 103,778 82.77 n/a Abstentions 21,607 17.23 n/a Registered voters 125,385 Sources[ 10]
^ "Real Decreto 1037/2022, de 20 de diciembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2022" (PDF) . Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (305): 178928–178933. 21 December 2022. ISSN 0212-033X .^ Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1) (in Spanish). 4 January 1977. Retrieved 27 December 2016 .^ a b Constitución Española (in Spanish). 29 December 1978. Retrieved 27 December 2016 .^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote" . cafebabel.co.uk . Retrieved 17 July 2017 . ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero" . Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022 . ^ a b Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019 .^ a b Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020 .^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems" . Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017 . ^ "Resolución de 30 de agosto de 2023, de la Presidencia de la Junta Electoral Central, por la que se publica el resumen de los resultados de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados y al Senado convocadas por Real Decreto 400/2023, de 29 de mayo, y celebradas el 23 de julio de 2023, conforme a las actas de escrutinio general y de proclamación de electos remitidas por las correspondientes Juntas Electorales Provinciales y por las Juntas Electorales de Ceuta y de Melilla" (PDF) . Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (209): 122201–122274. 1 September 2023. ISSN 0212-033X .^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales" . Ministry of the Interior . Retrieved 15 April 2022 .
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