List of mango cultivars

From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

The following is a list of some prominent mango cultivars. Worldwide, hundreds of mango cultivars are known.

Mangos of the Kensington Pride cultivar

Most commercial cultivars belong to Mangifera indica, while a few commercial varieties grown in Southeast Asia belong to other Mangifera species.[1] Southeast Asia, India, Australia, the United States and some African countries cultivate locally selected varieties, while most other countries grow cultivars developed in Florida.[1]

Table of mangoes

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The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) facility on Old Cutler Road in Coral Gables, Florida, has about 400 varieties of mangoes and is one of the largest depositories of mango plant cultures in the world.

The USDA collection was originally believed to have over 500 varieties of mango germplasm, but genetic testing showed several duplicates. In the United States, South Florida is one of the meccas for mangoes due to year-round temperate climate and culture fascinated by mangoes and several nurseries dedicated to bringing new varieties of mangoes into the US by either import or selective breeding.

Reviews of older varieties of mangoes were based upon the competition available at the time. Most of the varieties of mangoes available in grocery stores in the United States can trace their lineage to the Haden mango tree, a tree planted by Jack Haden in 1902 in Coral Gables, Florida (Haden itself can be traced back to Malgova which is misspelled Malgoba in US and has its origin in Tamil Nadu, India). The following are among the more widely grown mango cultivars, listed by the country in which they were selected or are most extensively cultivated:

Common
name(s) 		Image Origin/
region 		Notes
Alampur Baneshan India The fruit is medium-sized with thin skin, ranging in color from green to yellow. The flesh of the ripe fruit is fiberless, ranging in color from yellow to golden-yellow to orange-yellow.As far taste is concerned, it gives slightly tart flavour.
Alice United States
Alphonso India "King of mangoes", very sweet with fibreless pulp found mainly in Raigad & Ratnagiri Districts of Maharashtra, India. This cultivar is available from February till the end of May. The dates of availability of mangoes vary by geography, climate, and weather.
Amrapali India Cross between Dasheri and Neelum mangoes. Considered among the better tasting mangoes with a strong aroma in its leaves. Fruits every year with no alternate bearing unlike other mangoes.
Anderson United States Anderson is a seedling of Sandersha that was planted in Miami, Florida. Anderson is a large mango, growing in length from 26 to 34 cm. [Mangoes: A Guide To Mangoes In Florida, p. 30] The eating quality was listed as "fair."
Angie United States (Florida) Angie mangoes are a dwarfing mango tree from Florida, rated highly for their taste. Angie has a resinous taste, similar to the Carrie mango. Angie is considered to be a disease-resistant mango, but in high humidity environments Angie's new leaf growth is susceptible to mango scab.
Anwar Ratol Pakistan (Punjab), India (Uttar Pradesh) Anwar Ratol is a small sized yellow in colour mango sometimes known as mini-sized power house available in the Punjab and Sindh regions of Pakistan. It is also available near Rataul village in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is highly sweet in taste, with few fibres.
Appemidi India (Karnataka) The mango is found in the wild and is small in size and pulpy. It is known for its taste, aroma and shelf life. It is used in the pickle industry.
Ataulfo Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico
Badami India (Karnataka) Badami mangoes are also known as the Alphonso of Karnataka state.
Bailey's Marvel United States
Banganapalle India (Andhra Pradesh) It originates from the erstwhile princely state of Banganapalle, in present-day Andhra Pradesh and remains the most produced cultivar in the state.[2] It is obliquely oval in shape, around 20 cm in length, with yellow flesh and a thin, smooth yellow skin. The flesh has a firm, meaty texture and is sweet and lacks fibre.[3][4]
Bangalora India It is also known as Kilimooku mango
Bennet Alphonso United States
Beverly United States Beverly is an almost fiber-less late season mango, grown in South Florida, fruiting between August and October.
Black and Rose India (Kerala) Black and Rose
Bombay India, United States Bombay is a vigorous mango tree that bears fruit in June–July in South Florida. It is susceptible to anthracnose. Bombay is the parent of the White Perie mango of Hawaii.
Brahm Kai Meu United States
Brooks Australia, United States
Carabao (Philippine Mango) Philippines The Ataulfo and Manilita mango cultivars originated from the Philippine Mango variety. It can be traced back in the Manila-Mexico galleon trade in the years 1600–1800s.
Carrie United States Carrie is a seedling of a Sophie Fry in Boynton Beach, Florida. The Carrie mango turns slight yellow when ripe, but what it lacks in color, it makes up in taste. The Carrie mango has a strong resinous flavor that is desired by some, and despised by others. A Carrie mango must be allowed to ripen on the tree and develops a strong "musky" flavor when over-ripe.
Casturi/kasturi Indonesia (South Kalimantan)
Chaunsa India, Pakistan Chaunsa (also referred to as 'Chausa') is a pale yellow, slightly green succulent variety of mango when near ripe. Closer to its ripening, the mango skin will become slightly wrinkly and soft to the touch. Chaunsa is harvested in the summer months (June–September).
Chinna rasalu India (Nuzvid, Andhra Pradesh)
Cherukurasamu India (Nuzvid, Andhra Pradesh)
Coconut Cream United States Coconut Cream is part of the selective breeding program by Zills High Performance and is patented. The fruit tastes like coconut cream pie. The branches of the tree grow in arcs and curve around, making a complex tree canopy.
Chok Anan Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Thailand Choc Anan is known as the ever-bearing mango tree because of its potential to have a mango crop during the summer and winter. Some speculate that removing the summer crop may increase the chances of a winter crop by allowing the tree to save the energy that would have been used for fruit production in the summer.
Cogshall United States Cogshall is from Pine Island, Florida. It is an excellent eating quality, but is not commercially available because of a very short shelf-life and thin skin that would bruise easily.
Cushman United States
Dasheri India, Nepal, Pakistan It originated in Village Dasehri, Block Malihabad, Kakori, Lucknow, India. Grafts and propagations from a mother tree near Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India have been widely grown in North India, Nepal, Pakistan and as far south as Andhar Pradesh since the 18th century. An excellent quality mango, it is grown for export, and can be found in markets around southeast Asia.
Dot United States Dot is an exceptional tasting mango. Dot is a seedling of the Carrie Mango planted in Boynton Beach, Florida home. The dot mango is highly susceptible to anthracnose, so it should not be planted in high humidity locations.
Dudhiya Malda, Malda or Maldeo Nepal, India (Bihar) 'Dudhia Malda' mango of the Saptari and Siraha district of Nepal. Known for its distinctively sweet, thin skin, small seeds, low fiber, milky yellow pulp and a unique sweet aroma. It is referred Dudiya because once the skin of the mango is scratched milk-like liquid oozes out. Malda is the "King of Mango".[5]
Duncan United States Duncan mango was patented by David Sturrock of West Palm Beach, Florida. The patent has long since expired. Duncan fruits in clusters and has excellent disease resistance. It is a mid-late season mango.
Earlygold United States
Edward United States Edward is an excellent eating quality mango, but is considered to be a shy bearer (little fruit).
Eldon United States
Emerald United States
Espada Brazil
Fazli (mango) Bangladesh (Rajshahi), India The 'Fazli' mango is a mango cultivar primarily grown in Bangladesh. and Indian States of West Bengal. It is a late maturing fruit, available after other varieties. Fazlis are commonly used in jams and pickles in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent. Each mango can be quite large, going up to a kilo. Rajshahi in Bangladesh is the major producers of fazli.
Fajri Kalan Pakistan
Fairchild United States
Fascell United States
Florigon United States Florigon is a seedling of a Saigon planted on the property of John C. Kaiser, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The Florigon tree is vigorous. Florigon is considered to be one of the most disease resistant varieties of mangoes in high humid climates, although the flavor is not on par with many of the newer varieties.
Ford United States
Gary United States The Gary mango is considered delicious by many with a hint of coconut flavor. Gary is considered very susceptible to anthracnose.
Gir Kesar

India, United Arab Emirates The Gir Keshar mango is famous for its colour and smell. Ripe fruit gives a world's best smell and taste. The taste and smell makes them expensive.
Glenn Italy, United States Glenn is a sweet, mild mango. The tree is vigorous, to a medium size. The canopy is rounded. The ripe fruit has a very pleasant sweet smell.
Golapkhas/Gulabkhas India
Goa Mankurad Mango India (Goa) This mango variety is a Goan summer staple, offering rich taste, and a small flat seed. Weighing 200-250 grams, it has an unifom yellow skin, rich pulp, and balanced sweetness.
Gold Nugget United States
Golden Lippens United States
Graham Trinidad Graham is from Trinidad. Compared with many modern mangoes, Graham seems bland.
Green Willard Sri Lanka, India
Haden India, Australia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, United States Haden is the "parent" of many, many other varieties of mangoes in the United States. Haden was a Mulgoba seedling. The original Haden tree still stands in Coral Gables, Florida.
Haribhanga
Bangladesh (Rangpur) The Haribhanga mango is a mango cultivar produced in the northwest part of Bangladesh, especially in the Rangpur district. Cultivation of the Haribhanga mango has recently gained popularity among the farmers of northern districts. Locally called Haribhanga, these mangoes are round in shape and black in color. Haribhanga is highly fleshy, fiberless, and typically weighs 200 to 400 grams.
Hatcher United States
Heidi South Africa
Himayat / Imam Pasand India
Himsagar India (West Bengal), Bangladesh (Rajshahi) The Himsagar mango is a popular mango cultivar, originating in the modern-day Rajshahi in Bangladesh and state of West Bengal in India. Widely considered as the Champagne of mangoes, the inside of Himsagar is yellow to orange in colour and does not have any fibre. The fruit is medium-sized and weighs between 250 and 350 grams, out of which the pulp content is around 77%. It has a good keeping quality. It is also known as Khirsapati.
Ice Cream United States
Irwin/Miyazaki (mango) Japan, United States, Australia, Taiwan Red colored fruit with a soft texture, low fibre, aromatic smell and juicy pulp; purported to be the most expensive mango.[6]
Ivory
 China Also known as the Jingu Ivory mango, or Ivory mango, this long, thin mango is named for its resemblance to a young elephant's tusk. It has thin, smooth skin. The flesh contains very little fibre, and constitutes approximately 82 percent of the fruit. It was first introduced into Yunnan, China, from Thailand in 1914. The actual tree that was the first to be imported still grows, and during one year produced almost 500 kg of fruit.[7]
Jacquelin United States
Jakarta United States
Jean Ellen United States
Julie Caribbean A colourful, oval shaped mango with almost flat sides. Has a sweet-tart flavour and a dwarf growth habit. Originated in the Caribbean and is still very popular throughout the region. Julie is a high fibre mango.
Kalepad India (Andhra Pradesh)
Kari Ishad India (Karnataka) The mango is well known for its luscious taste, unique aroma, generous amount of pulp, shape, and size. Kari Ishad mangoes are characterized by their impressive size and shape typically growing large and assuming an oblique-oval shape. A mature tree can yield up to 2000 fruits in a single season. The mango is harvested from mid-May with a short shelf life of about five days.
Gir Kesar India (Kachchh)
Katchamitha India, Philippines Katchamitha originated from India, but has become one of the most common cultivars in the Philippines where it is commonly called the "Indian mango". It is commonly eaten while still green and crispy and has a mildly sweet taste. The flesh is fibrous when ripe compared to the native carabao mango.[8][9]
Keitt Australia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Italy, South Africa, United States Keitt (pronounced "kit") is one of the latest season mangoes in South Florida (United States), with fruit into October. Backyard Keitts in South Florida regularly get to 2 pounds, and occasionally as large as 5 pounds.
Kensington Pride Australia, Italy, United States
Kent Australia, Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Mexico, South Africa, United States The Kent has a smooth fibreless pulp of orange hue, and rich complex flavour. It appears occasionally in wide distribution in North American supermarkets alongside the far more common Hadens. The original Kent tree still stands in Coral Gables, Florida (United States).
Kohu Amba Sri Lanka
Kopyor/pari Indonesia
Kothapalli Kobbari India (Pithapuram, Andhra Pradesh) Also known as Kobbari Mamidi.
Kuttiattoor Mango India (Kuttiattoor, Kerala) Its striking orange-yellow color and superior taste, makes the Kuttiattoor mango a favorite. Its ripened skin remains remarkably speckle-free, enhancing its visual appeal. The mango variety is fleshy & juicy with high fiber content.
Lakshmanbhog India
Lancetilla Honduras, United States Lancetilla can bear 5-pound fruit, but the eating quality is considered subpar among mango connoisseurs. The fruit is prone to splitting on the tree.
Langra India, Pakistan, Bangladesh
Lemon Meringue Myanmar
Lippens United States
Madame Francis Haiti Large kidney shaped mango that ripens to a golden yellow colour with piquant flesh Commonly exported to the United States in spring; often a feature of NYC fruit stands. Madame Francis is a high fiber mango.
Mahachanok Asia, United States Mahachanok is an oblong commercial mango from Asia, with yellow to orange color exterior when ripe. Described as a fiberless, sweet, and pleasant mango. The leaves of the tree are dark green and slimmer than many other mango trees.
Mallika India, Nepal, United States
Malwana (mango) Sri Lanka
Manilita United States
Manohar India (Punjab) Large mango that grows in clusters, seedling of Chaunsa. Exceptional complex flavor good sweetness. Very vigorous.
Marathwada Kesar India (Maharashtra) It is named for its saffron-like color and flavor, has the highest soluble solids content among Indian mango varieties.
Momi K[10] Hawaii, United States Teardrop shaped with a narrow point. Ripens to a reddish orange blush. Flesh has creamy consistency.
Muhammad Wala Pakistan
Mulgoba India, United States Small mango with a comparatively big seed. Parent of the Haden mango.
Nam Doc Mai Thailand, United Arab Emirates Fruit is elongated, with a prominent beak, and is normally yellow with green spots.
Neelam India, Pakistan Weighing 9 to 12 oz, with the general shape of a fat cashew nut, Neelam are smooth-skinned and bright yellow upon ripening and have no blush. The flesh is deep yellow to orange, with no fibres and a rich, aromatic flavor that may overpower an unaccustomed palate. They have a late ripening season and can be stored for an extended time. Fruit should be harvested when mature green and ripened at room temperature off the tree.
Osteen Italy, Spain, United States
Owais Egypt
Paige
Palmer Australia, Brazil, United States
Panakalu India (Andhra Pradesh)
Panchadharakalasa India (Andhra Pradesh) It is a juicy variety and owes its origin to the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh . The name is derived from the Telugu words Panchadara , meaning sugar, and kalasa , meaning a pot .
Paraíso Mexico
Parvin United States
Payri India(Maharashtra)
Piña Colada United States Piña Colada is part of the selective breeding program by Zills High Performance. Piña Colada is a small fruit that packs a lot of flavor. The tree is unproductive and susceptible to anthracnose.
Peddarasamu India (Nuzvid, Andhra Pradesh)
Philippine See Carabao (mango).
Pickering
Pico Philippines Along with the Carabao mango, it is one of the most commonly cultivated mango cultivars of the Philippines. Elongated fruits with prominent beak. Light orange when ripe. Flesh rich orange to red. Sweet, fairly acidic, with short fibers.
Pim Seng Mun
Pineapple Pleasure
Po Pyu Kalay Myanmar
Pram Kai Mea See Brahm Kai Meu.
Raspuri India (Karnataka) An extremely popular variety in South India, a fully ripe Raspuri (Rasa in Kannada means Juice) can produce a significant amount of juice per mango.
Rataul India (Uttar Pradesh) Named after its birthplace in Rataul, Uttar Pradesh, the Rataul mango was introduced to Pakistan, when migrants from India took its seeds and began cultivating it in Multan. Characterized by its greenish-yellow color, this medium-sized mango reveals a luscious orange pulp, with a captivating aroma and offering an very sweet and delicious taste.
Red Willard Sri Lanka
Red Willard Sri Lanka
Rewa Sunderja Mango India (Madhya Pradesh) Sunderja mango is distinctively fibre-free and boasts a unique sugar profile, rendering it an ideal choice for diabetes patients seeking a sweet and healthy treat.
Rosa Brazil Rosa ("pink") mango is a variety found more easily in Northeast Region of Brazil, also known as 'Rosa da Bahia' or 'Rosa de Pernambuco'. Because it is very sweet but also very fibrous, it is mostly used to prepare juices or desserts in which it will be crushed.
Rosigold United States Rosigold is among the earliest season mangoes in South Florida. Rosigold is susceptible to anthracnose.
Ruby United States
Ryan
Saigon United States
San Felipe Cuba Fruit is large at 20 ounces with a striking oxblood color; the flesh is yellow.
Saharni Pakistan
Sammar Bahisht Pakistan, India (in Urdu Sammar means fruit and Bahisht means Paradise)
Sensation South Africa, United States
Shan-e-Khuda Pakistan
Sindhri Mirpur Khas district, Sindh province of Pakistan Significantly aromatic and sweet, the flesh of the Sindhri is soft, slick, and orange when fully ripe. Although many enjoy it as is, other consumers find the Sindhri wanting in sourness and may wish to eat it before it is fully ripe.
Sophie Fry United States
Southern Blush United States
Spirit of '76 United States Spirit of '76 is a seedling in Florida. The mango is fiberless and has a pleasant sweet flavor.
Springfels United States One of the older cultivars from Florida, but still good tasting. It is a large mango, but due to its size it has uneven ripening. The uneven ripening is known as "jelly seed," where the flesh around the seed is overripe and soft.
Sunrise
Sunset United States
Swarnarekha India (Andhra Pradesh)
Sweet Tart
Tess Pollok
Tommy Atkins Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Mexico, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, United States, Venezuela One of the most commonly sold mangoes in the world. Has extremely long shelf life. Hard and oblong exterior.
Torbert United States
Totapuri India
Turpentine United States Turpentine is a small, high fiber mango that is poly embryonic mango. Turpentine is used as a rootstock in Florida for grafting other mango varieties.
Ugly Betty
Valencia Pride South Africa, United States Large, oblong mango. Sweet, mild flavor, but the fruit is prone to splitting on the tree. The tree is a vigorous grower.
Van Dyke Italy, United States
Vellai Kolomban Sri Lanka
Young United States Young mango was renamed the "Tebow" (after the American football player) for marketing purposes.
Zill South Africa, United States Zill is a seedling of Haden planted in 1922 by Carl King of Lake Worth, Florida (US). Vigorous tree, fruit is good eating quality.

List of cultivars by nation

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Asia

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Oceania

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Africa

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Apple mango
  • Mali: Amelie, Kent
  • Réunion island: Carotte, Jose, Lucie, Auguste
  • South Africa: Fascell, Haden, Keitt, Kent, Sensation, Tommy Atkins, Zill
  • Sudan: Alphonso, Bez el-Anza, Oweisi, Taymoor
  • Tanzania: Boribo Muyini, Dodo, Mawazo, Sindano
  • Zambia: Heidi, Kent, Sensation, Tommy

Americas

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Europe

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Middle East

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  • Egypt: Zebda, Mesk, Awais, Qalb el tor, Mabrouka, Sennara, Taymour.
  • Israel: Haden, Omer, Orly, Shelley, Keitt, Kent, Maya, Nimrod, Palmer, Tommy Atkins, BD-4-98, Zrifin, Palmer, Naomi,King David.
  • Yemen:[20] Taimoor, Abu Sanarah, Hafoos, Al Fawnas, Al Bameli, Al Burkani, Sudanese, Abu Samakah[21]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Litz, Richard E., ed. (2009). The Mango: Botany, Production and Uses (2nd ed.). CABI. pp. 68–70. ISBN 978-1-84593-489-7.
  2. ^ "Banginapalli mango to get geographical indication". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  3. ^ Pradeepkumar, T.; Suma Jyothibhaskar, B.; Satheesan, K.N. (2008), Management of Horticultural Crops, New Delhi, India: New India Publishing Agency, pp. 96–97
  4. ^ "The Mango – King of Fruits", Tropical Fruits Newsletter, 20: 15, September 1996
  5. ^ "Digha Ghat's Dudhiya Malda considered 'King of Mangoes' in Bihar". dna. 2015-05-26. Archived from the original on 2016-06-18. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  6. ^ "How multiple Indian farmers are cultivating world's most expensive Miyazaki mangoes to earn millions". CNBC TV18 Travel Desk. 30 July 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
  7. ^ "Jinggu "Ivory" Mango-Yunnan Tourism Website". En.ynta.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2014-04-21. Retrieved 2014-03-21.
  8. ^ Mango Varieties (PDF). Agricultural Training Institute, Department of Agriculture, Republic of the Philippines. 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-07-03. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  9. ^ "Katchamitha Mango". Research Development Extension. University of the Philippines Los Baños. Archived from the original on 13 January 2019. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  10. ^ "Mango General Information". Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-04-12.
  11. ^ a b c d "Mango varieties". The Hindu. 2005-01-27. p. 15. Archived from the original on 2005-03-27. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  12. ^ "Petani Mangga Alpukat di Kabupaten Pasuruan Mulai Panen Raya". pasuruankab.go.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  13. ^ M, Siti (11 November 2021). "10+ Ragam Jenis Mangga Lokal dan Manca Negara". gramedia.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  14. ^ Rasi, Fathor. "Keistimewaan Mangga Pisang Kebanggaan Pasuruan". jatimpos.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  15. ^ Nugroho, Adi. "Manisnya Mangga Podang Asli Kediri". jawapos.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  16. ^ "Australian Mangoes - Australian Varieties". Mangoes.net.au. Archived from the original on 2015-09-01. Retrieved 2014-03-21.
  17. ^ Matt Bran (27 November 2022), New wave of mango varieties hit Australian supermarket shelves, retrieved 18 October 2024
  18. ^ "Mukuyu farm, 20ha of commercial land in Ukambani| Kibwezi river". Better Globe Forestry. Archived from the original on 2015-08-10. Retrieved 2014-03-21.
  19. ^ "La coltivazione del mango in Sicilia" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
  20. ^ Thomas, Edward (8 March 2022). "Food security in Yemen: the private sector and imported food". ODI. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  21. ^ حلم أخضر, حلم أخضر. "اليمن: 200 سنة من زراعة فاكهة المانجو" (in Arabic). حلم اخضر. Archived from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
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