Sandnes-mål

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Sandnes-mål
RegionSandnes
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone

Sandnes-mål, Sandnes dialect or Sandnes Norwegian (Bokmål: Sandnes-mål or Sandnesdialekten)[2] is a dialect of Norwegian used in Sandnes.

Phonology[edit]

Consonants[edit]

  • Between and after vowels, the voiceless plosives /p, t, k/ are realized as voiced [b, d, ɡ].[3]
  • /ç/ merges with /ʃ/ into [ʃ].[4]
  • /r/ is uvular.[5]

Vowels[edit]

Apart from /ə/, all short vowels have a long equivalent, which has the same quality as the short vowel (excluding the /a–aː/ pair).[6]

Monophthongs of Sandnes-mål, from Ims (2010:14)
Monophthong phonemes of Sandnes-mål[7]
Front Central Back
unrounded rounded
short long short long short long short long
Close i iː y yː ʉ ʉː u uː
Mid e eː ø øː (ə) ɔ ɔː
Open a aː
  • The close vowels /i, iː, y, yː, ʉ, ʉː, u, uː/ are rather lax (near-close) [ɪ, ɪː, ʏ, ʏː, ʉ̞, ʉ̞ː, ʊ, ʊː].[7]
  • The unrounded–rounded pairs /i–y, iː–yː, e–ø, eː–øː/ have a very similar backness, and differ mainly by rounding.[7]
  • /e, eː, ø, øː, ə/ are mid [e̞, e̞ː, ø̞, ø̞ː, ə], whereas /ɔ, ɔː/ are open-mid [ɔ, ɔː].[7]
  • /a, aː/ are near-open; the long vowel is central [ɐː], whereas the short vowel is somewhat more front [æ̠].[7]
Diphthong phonemes of
Sandnes-mål[3]
Starting point Ending point
Front Central
unrounded rounded rounded
Mid ei øy øʉ
  • The components of the diphthongs are phonetically close to the short vowels transcribed with the same symbols, so that /ei/ is phonetically more or less [e̞ɪ], whereas /øy/ and /øʉ/ are phonetically more or less, respectively, [ø̞ʏ] and [ø̞ʉ̞].[3]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Older Runic". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2022-11-13. Retrieved 2022-11-13.
  2. ^ Ims (2010).
  3. ^ a b c Ims (2010), p. 15.
  4. ^ Ims (2010), p. 17.
  5. ^ Ims (2010), p. 12.
  6. ^ Ims (2010), pp. 13–14.
  7. ^ a b c d e Ims (2010), p. 14.

Bibliography[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Mimura, Tatsuyuki, Prosody of the Compounds in the Sandnes Dialect of Norwegian: A Descriptive Study (PDF), Kogakuin University
  • Mimura, Tatsuyuki (2010a), Noruwee-go Sandnes-hoogen no aruhwabetto-kasiramoji-go no on'in-ron. [Phonology of the initialisms in the Sandnes dialect of Norwegian.] (in Japanese)
  • Mimura, Tatsuyuki (2010b), Noruwee-go Sandnes-hoogen no hukugoo-go akusento-kisoku [On the compound accent rules of the Sandnes dialect of Norwegian] (in Japanese), pp. 182–187

External links[edit]


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