Servais Duriau
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Laurent Servais Duriau, known as Servais (April 5, 1701 – July 15, 1775), was a Cistercian monk from the Abbey of Val-Dieu. An encyclopedist, he catalogued vast numbers of engravings.
Biographical Information[edit]
He was the fourth child of the manager of the episcopal palace at Liège, Laurent Duriau, and Anne-Jeanne Hanrion. They were a wealthy urban family. On August 23, 1722, Servais became a Cistercian monk at Val-Dieu. At that time, the abbey was enjoying an economical, cultural, and spiritual high. Duriau was ordained a priest in 1725, served as confessor for two nuns' abbeys, one was Orienten Abbey (Abbaye d'Orienten) and the other Burtscheid near Aachen. In 1752, he was sub-prior at Val-Dieu and remained so for 23 years. In 1772, he celebrated his 50th anniversary of taking monastic vows.
In addition to his monastic duties, Servais Duriau nurtured his encyclopedic passion by dedicating untold hours to the imposing volumes in his collection, each containing between 300 and 2000 patiently annotated engravings. Servais Duriau died in 1775.
Works[edit]
His 32 volumes, of which 27 are known today, include more than 20,000 engravings from the years around 1500 to 1775. They originated in France, the Netherlands, and Germany. 19 of the volumes are kept today in at the Cathedral of Liège in the Duriau Collection; seven volumes have been identified in private collections, and five others are reputed to be lost. Parts of the collection were hidden, sold and scattered between 1796 and 1840, then finally bought back to Val-Dieu Abbey.[1]
The Duriau collection is the subject of frequent study, as it provides a view of the world during the Enlightenment. A major restoration, financed by the King Baudouin Foundation, is currently being completed. The rich iconography of the collection can be seen in the 2007 book devoted to the "Walloon Print Heritage".[2]
Volumes and their titles[edit]
1. Old Testament
2. New Testament
3. Popes
4. Heresies
5. Roman emperors, persecution of Christians, martyrs, saints
6. Cardinals, archbishops, doctors and priests in France and the Netherlands
7. Archbishops, bishops and other clergy in the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the bishops of Liège
8. Anachoretes, Benedictines, Camaldolese, Grammontensians, Carthusians and Cistercians
9. Premonstratensians, Canons, Fontevrault, Coelestines, Trinitarian Order, Saint-Antoine, Teutonic Order, Carmelites, Dominicans and Augustinians
10. Franciscans, Pauline Fathers, Jesuits, Oratorians, Theatines, Regular Clerics, Life of St. Birgitta of Sweden
11. miscellaneous content concerning religious orders
12. Electors, archbishops, bishops, princes in the Empire, in England, in Northern Europe and in Holland (alphabetical)
13. Kings and queens, princes in France, Spain, Naples, Sicily, Savoy, Lorraine and others in Italy
14. Dukes and duchesses of Brabant and the Netherlands, generals, admirals, governors and other leaders
15. Ambassadors, famous men and women
16. continuation of 15
17. Artists, painters, engravers, architects, iconography of Anthonis van Dyck
18. Fables of Michel de Marolles, Aesop, Phaedrus, and La Fontaine 1753.
19. Paintings (continued) with many models from the drawing lesson 1755
20. Riddles, allusions, moralia, symbols, hieroglyphics, 1756
21. Spain, Naples, Milan, Florence, Italy, Roman antiquity, 1770
22. Sardinia, Savoy, Switzerland, Genoa, Italy, Portugal, Venice, 1771
23. Cities in Germany, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Russia, siege of Vienna, 1735
24. Cities in Hungary, Turkey, Asia, Africa, America, with emperors, kings, 1739
25. France: cities, castles, mazes, amusement parks and curiosities, 1752
26. Towns, castles, abbeys in Hainault, Flanders, Brabant, Limburg, Luxembourg, 1763
27. Towns in Holland and England, 1763
28. The wargod Mars: drawings, coats of arms, 1753
29. Craftsmen, actors, beggars, grotesques and many verses, foreign exchange, aphorisms and maxims
30. Animals, hunting, flowers, fruit, birds, butterflies, landscapes
31. Religious motifs, including some by Rubens
32. Secular motifs
Bibliography[edit]
- Brouette, Émile / Dimier, Anselme / Manning, Eugène: Dictionnaire des auteurs cisterciens (Documentation cistercienne 16.1) (Rochefort: Abbaye Notre-Dame de St-Remy, 1975, vol. 1, p. 222.
References[edit]
- ^ Postula, Jean-Louis (2005). "Un moine collectionneur de gravures à l'abbaye du Val-Dieu, Servais Duriau (1701-1775)". Bulletin de la Société Royale le Vieux-Liège. 14 (310). Liège: éditions Le Vieux-Liège: 665–696. ISSN 0776-1309. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2020.
- ^ Postula, Jean-Louis (2007). Le Patrimoine wallon en estampes. Namur (Belgique): Institut du Patrimoine wallon. ISBN 978-2-930466-11-8. OCLC 494416898.