گسترش جنگ داخلی سوریه به لبنان

گسترش جنگ داخلی سوریه به لبنان
بخشی از زمستان عربی، گسترش جنگ داخلی سوریه و درگیری نیابتی ایران و عربستان سعودی

پرسنل هنگ چهارم مداخله ارتش لبنان در خیابان سوریه در سال ۲۰۱۱ که از جاده بین باب التبانه و جبل محسن محافظت می‌کنند.
تاریخ۱۷ ژوئن ۲۰۱۱ – ۲۸ اوت ۲۰۱۷
(۶ سال، ۲ ماه، ۱ هفته و ۴ روز)
موقعیت
لبنان (شهرستان عکار، عرسال، بیروت، قاع، رأس بعلبک، صیدا و طرابلس)
نتایج پیروزی دولت لبنان و حامیان دولت سوریه
تغییرات
قلمرو		 ارتش لبنان و حزب‌الله، شبه‌نظامیان داعش و همچنین جنگجویان القاعده و متحدانش را به طور کامل در سال ۲۰۱۷، از لبنان بیرون کردند و کنترل را در سراسر خاک لبنان بازگرداندند.[۲][۳]
طرف‌های درگیر

 لبنان

حمایت:

شبه‌نظامیان طرفدار دولت سوریه:

حمایت:

سایر شبه‌نظامیان:

شبه‌نظامیان ضد دولت سوریه:

حمایت:

القاعده و متحدان:

 داعشتسلیم شده[۲]
(از ۲۰۱۳)

فرماندهان و رهبران

عبدالله حسین الرفاعی †

قوا
۱۲٬۰۰۰ سرباز[۶۰]

۱٬۵۰۰–۴٬۰۰۰+ جنگجو[۶۱][۶۲]

۷٬۰۰۰ جنگجو[۶۳]
تلفات و خسارات
۶۱ کشته در درگیری با ارتش لبنان:
۵۰۰+ کشته
۷۰۰+ اسیر
(ادعای ارتش لبنان)[۶۳]
در درگیری با حزب‌الله:
نامعلوم
~۳۵۰ کشته غیرنظامی[۶۴]
a جبهه النصره، بین سال‌های ۲۰۱۳ تا ۲۰۱۴، با داعش، همکاری نزدیک داشت، در سال ۲۰۱۵، به عنوان متحد موقت شناخته شد[۱] و در سال ۲۰۱۷، وارد درگیری آشکار با داعش شد.

بین سال‌های ۲۰۱۱ تا ۲۰۱۷، درگیری‌های ناشی از جنگ داخلی سوریه، به لبنان، گسترش یافت، زیرا مخالفان و حامیان جمهوری عربی سوریه، به لبنان سفر کردند تا در خاک لبنان به جنگ و حمله به یکدیگر بپردازند. درگیری‌های سوریه، باعث افزایش خشونت‌های فرقه‌ای در لبنان شد،[۶۵] به طوری که بسیاری از مسلمانان سنی لبنان، از شورشیان در سوریه حمایت کردند، در حالی که بسیاری از مسلمانان شیعه لبنان، از دولت بعثی بشار اسد حمایت می‌کنند، که اقلیتی علوی در سوریه و معمولاً به عنوان شاخه‌ای هترودوکسی در تشیع، توصیف می‌شود؛[۶۶] که همگی این‌ها در نهایت به کشتار، ناآرامی و آدم‌ربایی فرقه‌ای در سراسر لبنان، منجر شد.[۶۷]

این درگیری، در اواسط سال ۲۰۱۱، آغاز و در درگیری بین افراد مسلح در طرابلس، هفت نفر کشته و ۵۹ نفر زخمی شدند. در ماه مه ۲۰۱۲، درگیری به بیروت و بعداً به جنوب و شرق لبنان گسترش یافت، در حالی که نیروهای مسلح لبنان، در شمال لبنان و بیروت مستقر شدند. تا ژانویه ۲۰۱۶، بیش از ۸۰۰ نفر کشته و تقریباً ۳۰۰۰ نفر زخمی شدند. در میان جناح‌های سیاسی لبنان، ائتلاف ۱۴ مارس، از اپوزیسیون سوریه مورد حمایت عربستان سعودی و ائتلاف ۸ مارس، از دولت اسد مورد حمایت ایران، حمایت کردند. در ۲۸ اوت ۲۰۱۷، آخرین جنگجویان باقیمانده از داعش و هیئت تحریر شام، از لبنان عقب‌نشینی کردند.

جستارهای وابسته[ویرایش]

منابع[ویرایش]

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